The Holy Trinity Church (), also known as Zug's Protestant Church (), is a

Lutheran Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that emerged under the work of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German friar and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church launched ...

church in central

Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

, and one of two Augsburg Evangelical temples in the city. Designed by Szymon Bogumił Zug, it is one of the largest churches in Warsaw and one of the most notable for its round design.

History

The king's banker, Piotr Tepper, made efforts to build the church and in 1777 he obtained the appropriate privilege from King

Stanisław August Poniatowski Stanisław II August (born Stanisław Antoni Poniatowski; 17 January 1732 – 12 February 1798), known also by his regnal Latin name Stanislaus II Augustus, and as Stanisław August Poniatowski (), was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuani ...

. The king however reserved for himself the right of choosing the design of the building. The church was designed by Szymon Bogumił Zug and constructed in 1777–1782. Already on 30 December 1781 the congregation's pastor celebrated the inauguration of the church. It is a Classical rotunda based partly on the Roman Pantheon. The Lutheran church was the highest and at the same time one of the biggest buildings of 18th century

. The diameter of the dome was 33.4 meters and the height was 58 meters. The huge

dome A dome () is an architectural element similar to the hollow upper half of a sphere. There is significant overlap with the term cupola, which may also refer to a dome or a structure on top of a dome. The precise definition of a dome has been a m ...

with magnificent

lantern A lantern is a source of lighting, often portable. It typically features a protective enclosure for the light sourcehistorically usually a candle, a oil lamp, wick in oil, or a thermoluminescence, thermoluminescent Gas mantle, mesh, and often a ...

tower still dominates the nearby buildings. It upholds the spirit of pure classicism. As the tallest building in Warsaw at that time it served as vantage point for the Polish Army during the Kościuszko Uprising. In the beginning of the 19th century the church was renowned of the music performances accompanying the service. Among the famous musicians, who gave concerts here was

Frédéric Chopin Frédéric François Chopin (born Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin; 1 March 181017 October 1849) was a Polish composer and virtuoso pianist of the Romantic period who wrote primarily for Piano solo, solo piano. He has maintained worldwide renown ...

. In April 1825 in the presence of tsar

Alexander I of Russia Alexander I (, ; – ), nicknamed "the Blessed", was Emperor of Russia from 1801, the first king of Congress Poland from 1815, and the grand duke of Finland from 1809 to his death in 1825. He ruled Russian Empire, Russia during the chaotic perio ...

, he played on the choralion (''aeolimelodicon''). The church fell into ruin when bombed and burnt by the Germans on September 16, 1939. It was rebuilt after the war(1948-53).Zaleska A. ''The Late 18th-century Deposit Found During the Reconstruction of Holy Trinity Church in Warsaw''. Notae Numismaticae. Zapiski numizmatyczne. 2016(11):243-58. Inside, visitors are impressed by its double gallery encircling the interior. Because of its acoustic improvements and a splendid organ, the Warsaw Chamber Opera ''(Warszawska Opera Kameralna)'' regularly organizes concerts of

classical music Classical music generally refers to the art music of the Western world, considered to be #Relationship to other music traditions, distinct from Western folk music or popular music traditions. It is sometimes distinguished as Western classical mu ...

here.

References

::In-line:

Images

File:Canaletto (I) 033.jpg, File:6 Warszawa 176.jpg,

External links

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Kościół Ewangelicko-Augsburski pw Św. Trójcy
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Holy Trinity Lutheran Church in Warsaw
One of the first neoclassical buildings in Europe. Churches in Warsaw Neoclassical architecture in Warsaw 18th-century Lutheran churches Rebuilt churches in Poland Lutheran churches in Poland Churches completed in 1782 Neoclassical church buildings in Poland Rebuilt buildings and structures in Warsaw {{Warsaw-struct-stub

History

See also

References

Images

External links