The following is a timeline of the

history History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the History of writing#Inventions of writing, invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbr ...

of the city of

Hangzhou Hangzhou ( or , ; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ), also romanized as Hangchow, is the capital and most populous city of Zhejiang, China. It is located in the northwestern part of the province, sitting at the head of Hangzhou Bay, whi ...

Zhejiang Province Zhejiang ( or , ; , also romanized as Chekiang) is an eastern, coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Hangzhou, and other notable cities include Ningbo and Wenzhou. Zhejiang is bordered by Jiangs ...

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

Prior to 10th century

* 328 CE - Lingyin monastery founded near Hangzhou. * 606 -

City walls A defensive wall is a fortification usually used to protect a city, town or other settlement from potential aggressors. The walls can range from simple palisades or earthworks to extensive military fortifications with towers, bastions and gates ...

built. * 609 - Grand Canal built. * 630 - Mosque built (approximate date). * 822 - Poet

Bai Juyi Bai Juyi (also Bo Juyi or Po Chü-i; ; 772–846), courtesy name Letian (樂天), was a renowned Chinese poet and Tang dynasty government official. Many of his poems concern his career or observations made about everyday life, including as g ...

becomes governor.

10th century

* 904 - City becomes capital of the Wuyue Kingdom. * 954 - Huiri Yongming Temple built at West Lake. * 963 -

Baochu Pagoda Baochu Pagoda () is a pagoda in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China. Known as one of the landmarks of the West Lake, it is located just north of the lake on top of Precious Stone Hill (宝石山, bǎoshíshān). Its small base supports seven ...

built at West Lake. * 970 -

Liuhe Pagoda Liuhe Pagoda (), literally Six Harmonies Pagoda, is a multi-story Chinese pagoda in southern Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China. It is located at the foot of Yuelun Hill, facing the Qiantang River. It was originally constructed in 970 by the Wuyu ...

built. * 975 -

Leifeng Pagoda Leifeng Pagoda is a five story tall tower with eight sides, located on Sunset Hill south of the West Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. Originally constructed in the year AD 975, it collapsed in 1924 but was rebuilt in 2002. Since then, it ha ...

built.

12th-17th centuries

* 1127 -

Song Dynasty The Song dynasty (; ; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou. The Song conquered the rest ...

capital relocated to Hongzhou from

Kaifeng Kaifeng () is a prefecture-level city in east-central Henan province, China. It is one of the Eight Ancient Capitals of China, having been the capital eight times in history, and is best known for having been the Chinese capital during the Nort ...

after the Jingkang Incident of the

Jin–Song wars The Jin–Song Wars were a series of conflicts between the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty (1115–1234) and the Han-led Song dynasty (960–1279). In 1115, Jurchen tribes rebelled against their overlords, the Khitan-led Liao dynasty (916–1125) ...

. * 1221 -

Yue Fei Temple The Yue Fei Temple or commonly known in Chinese as Yuewang Temple () is a temple built in honour of Yue Fei, a general of the Southern Song dynasty who fought against the Jurchen Jin dynasty during the Jin–Song Wars, after the capital of China ...

built * 1275 - Population: 1.75 million. * 1277 - Hangzhou Salt Distribution Commission established. * 1276 -

Mongols The Mongols ( mn, Монголчууд, , , ; ; russian: Монголы) are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, Inner Mongolia in China and the Buryatia Republic of the Russian Federation. The Mongols are the principal membe ...

in power. * 1621 - Huanduzhai publishing house in business. * 1661 - Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception built.

19th century

* 1861 - Taiping rebels take city. * 1863 -

Imperial Imperial is that which relates to an empire, emperor, or imperialism. Imperial or The Imperial may also refer to: Places United States * Imperial, California * Imperial, Missouri * Imperial, Nebraska * Imperial, Pennsylvania * Imperial, Texa ...

forces take city. * 1867 - Hangchow Presbyterian Boys' School in operation. * 1870 - Hu Ch'ing Yu T'ang medicine shop in business (approximate date). * 1871 -

Kwang-Chi Hospital The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (SAHZU; ), known as Kwang Chi Hospital before 1952, is a Nonprofit organization, non-for-profit Health care, tertiary care public hospital in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. Founded ...

established. * 1885 - Kwang Chi Medical School established. * 1896 - City opens to foreign trade per

Treaty of Shimonoseki The , also known as the Treaty of Maguan () in China and in the period before and during World War II in Japan, was a treaty signed at the , Shimonoseki, Japan on April 17, 1895, between the Empire of Japan and Qing China, ending the Firs ...

. * 1897 -

Qiushi Academy The former site of Qiushi Academy () is historic site protected as a Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level. The site was made a college campus by Hangzhou mayor Lin Qi in 1897 and became the oldest campus of Zhejiang U ...

founded. * 1899 -

Hangzhou High School Hangzhou High School (), or Hanggao, established in 1899, is one of the most famous high schools in Southern China. It was the earliest-founded public high school in Zhejiang Province. Its history dates back to Yangzheng College founded by Lin ...

established.

20th century

* 1904 -

Xiling Society of the Seal Art The Xiling Seal Art Society () is a Chinese arts organisation based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PRC. It was founded in 1904 but, with antecedents dating back to the Ming and Qing dynasties, is one of China's most important traditional stone ...

founded. * 1907 - Qing Tai Men Station opens. * 1908 ** Zhejiang Official Secondary Normal School in operation. ** Presbyterian Mission Girls School opens. * 1911 ** October 27:

Uprising Rebellion, uprising, or insurrection is a refusal of obedience or order. It refers to the open resistance against the orders of an established authority. A rebellion originates from a sentiment of indignation and disapproval of a situation and ...

. ** Zhejiang Medical School founded. ** Population: 141,859. * 1922 - Sisters of Charity Hospital founded. * 1928 **

Kuomintang The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Tai ...

in power. ** Population: 817,267. * 1929 **

Zhejiang Provincial Museum The Zhejiang Provincial Museum (浙江省博物馆) is the provincial museum of Zhejiang, China, located in Hangzhou. It was established in 1929 as the West Lake Museum on the Gushan Island in the West Lake. It houses over 100,000 items in its ...

established. ** 1929 Westlake exposition held. * 1937 - Japanese occupation begins. * 1947 –

Constitution of the Republic of China The Constitution of the Republic of China is the fifth and current constitution of the Republic of China (ROC), ratified by the Kuomintang during the session on 25 December 1946, in Nanjing, and adopted on 25 December 1947. The constitution, ...

adopted * 1949 - May:

Communists Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a so ...

take city. * 1955 - ''Hangzhou Ri Bao'' (''Hangzhou Daily'') newspaper begins publication. * 1956 -

Hangzhou Xuejun High School Hangzhou Xuejun High School (Chinese: 杭州学军中学) is a high school in Hangzhou China. The school is often referred to as one of the "three best high schools" in Hangzhou. Hangzhou Wenlan High School is attached to Hangzhou Xuejun High Scho ...

and

Hangzhou Botanical Garden Hangzhou Botanical Garden () is a large public botanical garden located in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. Introduction The garden was founded in 1956. It is located in Taoyuanling, Xihu District, Hangzhou. It has a ...

established. * 1957 **

Hangzhou Jianqiao Airport Hangzhou Jianqiao Airport (), formerly romanized as Chien Chiao, also known as Hangzhou Air Base, is a People's Liberation Army Air Force Base and a former civil airport serving Hangzhou, the capital city of Zhejiang Province, China. It is locat ...

begins operating civilian flights. ** Population: 784,000. * 1958 -

Hangzhou Zoo Hangzhou Zoo () is a zoo in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Zhejiang ( or , ; , Chinese postal romanization, also romanized as Chekiang) is an East China, eastern, coastal Provinces of China, province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital an ...

opens. * 1962 - Wang Zida becomes mayor. * 1966 -

Hangzhou Gymnasium Hangzhou Gymnasium is an indoor sporting arena located in Hangzhou, China. The capacity of the arena is 5,136 spectators and opened in 1966. It hosts indoor sporting events such as basketball and volleyball. It hosts the Zhejiang Lions of the ...

(arena) opens. * 1972 - February:

Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...

visits city. * 1977 - Zhang Zishi becomes mayor. * 1978 -

Hangzhou Teachers College Hangzhou Normal University (), or Hangzhou Teachers College, is a public university in Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang Province, China. Having merged with Hangzhou Education College and Hangzhou Medical Junior College, HNU comprises nine ...

founded. * 1979 - Chen Anyu becomes mayor. * 1981 - Zhou Feng becomes mayor. * 1984 - Zhong Boxi becomes mayor. * 1988 - Zhang Taiyan Museum opens. * 1989 **

Protests A protest (also called a demonstration, remonstration or remonstrance) is a public expression of objection, disapproval or dissent towards an idea or action, typically a political one. Protests can be thought of as acts of coopera ...

. ** Hangzhou Wahaha Nutritional Foods Factory in business. ** Lu Wenge becomes mayor. * 1990 - Population: 2,589,504. * 1991 ** Hangzhou Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone approved. ** 1947 Constitution amended, former Nationalist government in

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...

downplays claim to Hangzhou * 1992 ** Wang Yongming becomes mayor. ** Yue Fei Tomb shopping mall built. * 1993 - Hangzhou Economic & Technological Development Zone approved. * 1998 **

Zhejiang University Zhejiang University, abbreviated as ZJU or Zheda and formerly romanized as Chekiang University, is a national public research university based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. It is a member of the prestigious C9 League and is selected into the na ...

established. **

Hangzhou Xiaoshan Sports Centre Hangzhou Xiaoshan Sports Centre (Simplified Chinese: 杭州萧山体育中心) is a football stadium in Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, China. This stadium completed on October 11, 1998. It holds 15,000 people. And this stadium is the home for Hangzhou Sanc ...

(stadium) built. ** Hangzhou Greentown Football Club formed. * 1999 -

Hangzhou railway station Hangzhou railway station ( or ) is located in Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province of China. It is affiliated to Shanghai Railway Bureau, and is also the terminal of the Shanghai–Hangzhou Railway. The station is ranked first-class. ...

rebuilt. * 2000 ** Hangzhou Xiaoshan Airport begins operating. ** Hangzhou Export Processing Zone approved. **

Dragon Well Manor Dragon Well Manor (龙井草堂, pinyin ''Lóngjǐng Cǎotáng'') is a restaurant in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China preparing and serving food based on the ideals of sustainable slow food, serving seasonal produce sourced from local purveyors. ...

in business. ** Population: 3,240,947.

21st century

* 2002 ** Xihuwenhua Square built. ** Wang Guoping becomes

CPC Party chief A Party Committee Secretary () is the leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organization in a province, city, village, or other administrative unit. In most cases, it is the ''de facto'' highest political office of its area of jurisdictio ...

. **

reconstructed. * 2003 -

Yellow Dragon Sports Center The Yellow Dragon Sports Center Stadium is a stadium also used for cultural events such as music concerts and celebrations, located in the center of the city of Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China. ''Huanglong'' means "Yellow Dragon" in Chinese. It ...

and

Hangzhou No.2 Telecom Hub Hangzhou No. 2 Telecom Hub is a 41-floor 248 metre (814 foot) tall skyscraper completed in 2003 located in Hangzhou, China. See also * List of tallest buildings in the world This list of tallest buildings includes skyscrapers with c ...

constructed. * 2005 -

Sun Zhonghuan Sun Zhonghuan (), is a Chinese politician. He is the former mayor of Hangzhou, Zhejiang. He is the current Chairman of the Hangzhou Political Consultative Conference, a largely ceremonial role. Career Sun was born in July 1948 in Yuyao, Ningbo ...

becomes mayor. * 2007 ** Hangzhou Sanchao Football Club formed. **

Cai Qi Cai Qi (; born December 5, 1955) is a Chinese politician, the current First Secretary of the Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party and the fifth-ranking member of the CCP Politburo Standing Committee. Cai began his career in Fujian province ...

becomes mayor. * 2008 **

Hangzhou Public Bicycle Hangzhou Public Bicycle () is a bicycle sharing system serving the city of Hangzhou. As of January 5, 2013, with 66,500 bicycles operating from 2,700 stations, it was the largest bike sharing system in the world, although it has since been overt ...

program launched. ** City logo design adopted. * 2010 ** Shanghai–Hangzhou Passenger Railway begins operating. ** Huang Kunming becomes

. * 2011 - Shao Zhanwei becomes mayor. * 2012 - November:

Hangzhou Metro The Hangzhou Metro () is a rapid transit system that serves Hangzhou in Zhejiang province, China. The system opened on November 24, 2012. It is the 17th city in China to operate a rapid transit system. Network Metro Commuter rail Descrip ...

begins operating. * 2013 -

Air pollution Air pollution is the contamination of air due to the presence of substances in the atmosphere that are harmful to the health of humans and other living beings, or cause damage to the climate or to materials. There are many different types ...

in Hangzhou reaches annual mean of 61

PM2.5 Particulates – also known as atmospheric aerosol particles, atmospheric particulate matter, particulate matter (PM) or suspended particulate matter (SPM) – are microscopic particles of solid or liquid matter suspended in the air. The ter ...

and 106

PM10 Particulates – also known as atmospheric aerosol particles, atmospheric particulate matter, particulate matter (PM) or suspended particulate matter (SPM) – are microscopic particles of solid or liquid matter suspended in the air. The te ...

, much higher than recommended.

References

''This article incorporates information from the

Ukrainian Wikipedia The Ukrainian Wikipedia ( uk, Українська Вікіпедія, ''Ukrainska Vikipediia'') is the Ukrainian language edition of the free online encyclopedia, Wikipedia. The first article was written on January 30, 2004. the Ukrainian Wiki ...

.''

Bibliography

;Published in the 19th century * * ;Published in the 20th century * * * * * * * * * * * * ;Published in the 21st century * *

External links

The Authoritative Website of Hangzhou History and Culture , WWW.HICENTER.CN
{{China year nav Years in China *