Henri Biva

Henri Biva (23 January 1848 – 2 February 1929) was a French artist, known for his landscape paintings and still lifes. He focused primarily on the western suburbs of Paris, painting outdoors in the plein-air tradition; his style ranging between Post-Impressionism and Realism with a strong Naturalist component. Biva's pictures are characterized by intricate strokes and a pure palette bathed with warm natural light (Biva devoted great attention to light effects). The artist was a member of the Société des Artistes Français and a Knight of the Legion of Honour (Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur).

Early life

Henri Biva was born in Montmartre at 18 rue du Vieux Chemin de Paris (named rue Ravignan after 1867). His official date of birth is 22 January 1848. He grew up in an artistic environment, both within his own family and in the neighborhood in which he lived. His younger brother Paul Biva (1851–1900) also became a painter, as would Henri Biva's son Lucien Biva (1878–1965).

In 1873 Biva studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where many famous artists in Europe were trained. His teachers included Léon Tanzi (1846–1913), an esteemed Realist painter, and Alexandre Nozal (1852–1929) a respected landscape artist that perambulated from Impressionism to Post-Impressionism. A trace of both instructors can be contemplated in Biva's work. This, in addition to the lessons at l' Académie Julian with William-Adolphe Bouguereau, Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant and Jules Joseph Lefebvre, would ultimately propel Henri Biva to the fore as a career artist. These combined influences explain the skillfully controlled artistry of Henri Biva. The Académie had a very strict and rigorous philosophy toward paintings, yet throughout its history many artists that studied there from 1868 onwards had initiated new artistic movements, or were involved to some extent within them, as was the case of Biva.

Shortly thereafter, during the latter half of the 1870s, Henri Biva began showing his works in the Parisian salon's, while enjoying sufficient commercial success to make his living.Janet Whitmore, Ph.D., a biography of Henri Biva

Painting career

At the '' Salon de 1879'' (which opened on 12 May in Paris at the Palais des Champs-Élysées) Biva exhibited two paintings: ''Les roses du parc'' and ''Pavillon d'été du Chateau de Villeneuve-l'Étang'', numbers 293 and 294 in the catalogue.Salon de 1879, Palais des Champs-Élysées, Paris
/ref>

Janet Whitmore writes of Biva's work, something that could apply to many of his paintings:

"Like the naturalist painters such as Jules Bastien-Lepage or Rosa Bonheur, there is a strong tactile quality to Biva's work, focused on the shapes, colors and forms of the small plants beside the stream or the smooth grey surface of the tree trunks.

Equally important in the nineteenth-century marketplace, this type of landscape painting offered an intimate glimpse of a specific locale, a reminder of days spent in the French countryside, or perhaps at the immense forest preserves surrounding Paris. Unlike contemporaries such as Pissarro or Monet, Biva's landscapes suggest a time before industrialization when no railroad or factory disrupted rural vistas. Rather, these images show no evidence of human activity at all except for the occasional fisherman drowsing by the riverside."

With his style ranging between Post-Impressionism and Realism, with a pronounced Naturalist temperament—visible in ''Villeneuve-l'étang (soir)'' and ''Après le coucher du soleil''—the paintings of Henri Biva gained in popularity amongst private collectors and public institutions.

"Although Biva's career seems to have flourished during the 1880s," writes Janet Whitmore, "he received particular acclaim in the 1890s beginning with his first honorable mention at the Salon des Artistes Français in 1892 when his work as a painter of landscapes and flowers was especially noted. Three years later, in 1895, he received a third class medal, and in 1896, a second class medal. With this third award in place, he was no longer obligated to submit his work to the annual jury for acceptance, but instead was guaranteed an automatic position at the Salon."

"The turn of the century brought Biva continued success and public renown. His landscapes and flower paintings, still widely sought after by art collectors, gradually evolved into more meditative images."

In 1886 Biva exhibited three works, including ''Une rue de Ville-d'Avray, La Nuit'', at the ''Exposition Internationale de Blanc et Noir'' (Louvre, Pavillon de l'enseignement, Rue des Tuileries, Paris, 20 March-20 April 1886). Biva's was awarded the ''Médaille de bronze'' at the Exposition Universelle (1900), inviting the attention of the Purchasing Committee, while his teacher Alexandre Nozal was awarded the silver medal.

Upon recommendation of ''Le Ministre de l'Instruction Publique et des Beaux-Arts'', 11 August 1900, Biva was decorated ''Chevalier de l'Ordre de la Légion d'Honneur'', 29 November 1900, and breveted by the Grand Chancelier, 12 December of the same year.

This honorable accomplishment appears to have stimulated further commercial success in the years leading up to World War I. Following the war years, Biva's sales rebounded as he continued exhibiting paintings throughout the 1920s.

Biva exhibited his painting in the ''Salons des Artistes Francais,'' Paris, in 1900, 1903, 1904 and 1905. In 1923 Henri Biva was elected vice-president of the Salon d'Hiver (Winter Salon), founded in 1897, first exhibition 1904.

Biva continued to show regularly in Paris, with a conspicuous break during World War I (most of the Salons being closed for the duration 1914-1918). Some of Biva's documented exhibitions include: Salon 1905, Salon 1906, Salon 1908 (Société Lyonnaise des Beaux-Arts), Salon 1909, Salon des Artistes Français 1910, Salon d'Hiver 1910, Salon 1911, Salon d'Hiver 1911, Salon des Artistes Français 1912, Salon 1919, Salon 1921, Salon d'Hiver 1923, Le Salon 1928 Grand Palais des Champs-Elysées, Société des Artistes Français (the year before his death).

According to his death certificate (avis de décès), Biva died 2 February 1929 at his home in Paris, 72 rue du Château-d'Eau.The date of death for Biva of 1928 found ubiquitously on the Internet is erroneous. As his death certificate testifies, he actually died in 1929.

Selected works

* '' Matin à Villeneuve (From Waters Edge)'', 151.1 x 125.1 cm
* ''The woodland Pool'', 155 x 129.5 cm
* ''Près de la rivière'', 122 x 162 cm
* ''Au bord de la rivière ensoleillé (By the river)'', 53.3 x 59.7 cm
* ''Un coin tranquille'', 50 x 61 cm
* ''Le Matin dans la brume à Villeneuve-l'Etang''
* ''Après le coucher du soleil'', 142.5 x 193 cm
* ''Les brumes et rosées du matin Villeneuve l'étang''
* ''A woodland pond'', 110.4 x 140.3 cm
* ''A Summer's day on the lake'', 46.3 x 55.3 cm
* Attributed to Henri Biva, ''Fishing on a sunny afternoon'', 100.4 x 77.5 cm
* ''Punts moored on still waters'', 61 x 50 cm
* ''Paysage avec rivière'', 50 x 61 cm
* ''A sun drenched river view'', 64.8 x 54 cm
* ''Tranquility'', 61 by 74 cm
* ''A woodland pond'', 50.2 x 61 cm
* ''Au bord du lac'', 65 x 81 cmChristie's Paris, 21 June 2011
/ref>
* ''La rivière'', 61.5 x 50.5 cm
* ''The quite lake'', 65.5 x 82 cm
* ''Rivière en sous bois'', 61 x 50.5 cm
* ''Les nénuphars'', 82 x 65 cm
* ''Paysage de rivière'', 66 x 54 cm
* ''L'allée fleurie'', 72.4 x 92.1 cm
* ''Summer on the river bank'', 46 x 34 cm
* ''Lake scene'', 60 x 73 cm

Gallery

File:Henri Biva, A quiet stretch of the river, signed Henri Biva (lower right), oil on canvas, 50 by 61 cm.jpg, Henri Biva, ''A quiet stretch of the river'', signed Henri Biva (lower right), oil on canvas, 50 by 61 cm
File:Henri Biva, A Lily Pond, 91.4 x 73.7 cm (36 x 29 in), private collection.jpg, Henri Biva, ''A Lily Pond'', oil on canvas, 91.4 x 73.7 cm (36 x 29 in), private collection
File:Henri Biva, Looking out onto a lake on a summer day, oil on canvas, 73 x 60.3 cm.jpg, Henri Biva, ''Looking out onto a lake on a summer day'', oil on canvas, 73 x 60.3 cm
File:Henri Biva, Forest in the spring (Waldquelle im Frühjahr), oil on canvas, 73 x 60 cm.jpg, Henri Biva, ''Forest in the spring'', oil on canvas, 73 x 60 cm
File:Henri Biva, River Scene in Spring, France (View of Willow Trees on the Bank of a River with Waterlilies), oil on canvas, approx 60 x 49 cm.jpg, Henri Biva, ''River Scene in Spring, France (View of Willow Trees on the Bank of a River with Waterlilies)'', oil on canvas, approx 60 x 49 cm
File:Henri Biva, Les Nénuphar, oil on canvas, 82 x 65 cm.jpg, Henri Biva, ''Les Nénuphar'', oil on canvas, 82 x 65 cm
File:Henri Biva, A sun drenched river view, oil on canvas, 46 x 65.1 cm.jpg, Henri Biva, ''A sun drenched river view'', oil on canvas, 46 x 65.1 cm
File:Henri Biva, La Rivère, oil on canvas, 61.5 x 50.5 cm.jpg, Henri Biva, ''La Rivère'', oil on canvas, 61.5 x 50.5 cm
Henri Biva, Tranquility, oil on canvas, 61 x 74 cm, Signed and dedicated "a mes chers enfants Lison et Marcelle Maitre, Henri Biva".jpg, Henri Biva, ''Tranquility'', oil on canvas, 61 x 74 cm, Signed and dedicated "a mes chers enfants Lison et Marcelle Maitre, Henri Biva"
File:Henri Biva, A sun drenched river view, oil on canvas, 64.8 x 54 cm.jpg, Henri Biva, ''A sun drenched river view'', oil on canvas, 64.8 x 54 cm
File:Henri Biva, Punts moored on still waters, oil on canvas, 61 x 50 cm..jpg, Henri Biva, ''Punts moored on still waters'', oil on canvas, 61 x 50 cm
File:Henri Biva, Fleurs près d'un puits, oil on canvas, 181 x 118.1 (71.25 x 46.5 in).jpg, Henri Biva, ''Fleurs près d'un puits'', oil on canvas, 181 x 118.1 (71.25 x 46.5 in)
File:Henri Biva, Chrysanthemums and roses in a vase on a salver, oil on canvas, 122 x 77.8 cm.jpg, Henri Biva, ''Chrysanthemums and roses in a vase on a salver'', oil on canvas, 122 x 77.8 cm
File:Henri Biva, Sur le Pont de Villeneuve, Temps couvert, Salon de Paris postcard published 1914.jpg, Henri Biva, ''Sur le Pont de Villeneuve, Temps couvert'' before 1914. Postcard for the Salon de Paris, 1914. Location, Marnes-la-Coquette (Seine-et-Oise), France
File:Henri Biva, Le Matin embrumé à Villeneuve-l'Etang, Salon de Paris, 1910.jpg, Henri Biva, ''Le Matin embrumé à Villeneuve-l'Etang'', Postcard for the Salon de Paris, 1910.

Notes

References

Museums and institutions

*

Musée municipal, Loire-Atlantique; Saint-Nazaire (L'après-midi à Villeneuve-l'Etang ) dat de l'acte 1907

Musée, Loire; Roanne (Nature Morte)

Paris, agence photo RMN, fonds Druet-Vizzavona, Paris (Les brumes et rosées du matin; Villeneuve-l'étang, exposé au Salon des Artistes Français de 1907)

Musée du Luxembourg, Paris, Les brumes, Villeneuve-l'Etang, 1909

External links

Villeneuve-l"Etang, postcards

Réunion des musées nationaux, Grand Palais, Agence Photographique



* [http://www.sothebys.com/en/catalogues/ecatalogue.html/2006/old-master-and-19th-century-european-art-n08166#/r=/en/ecat.fhtml.N08166.html+r.m=/en/ecat.lot.N08166.html/165/ Sotheby's, New York, 28 January, 2006, lot 165, Henri Biva, ''By the river'', oil on canvas]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Biva, Henri
Henri Biva,
1848 births
1929 deaths
Artists from Paris
French landscape painters
French still life painters
Post-Impressionist artists
Impressionist artists
Modern painters
Realist artists
French naturalists
19th-century French painters
19th-century French male artists
French male painters
20th-century French painters
20th-century French male artists
Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur
People of Montmartre