The '
Haden' mango (or 'Hayden') is a named
mango cultivar that became one of the most widely cultivated in the world after it was introduced in the early 20th century through
south Florida
South Florida is the southernmost region of the U.S. state of Florida. It is one of Florida's three most commonly referred to directional regions; the other two are Central Florida and North Florida. South Florida is the southernmost part of th ...
. It would ultimately become the parent of many other mango cultivars later developed in Florida.
History
![Original Haden mango tree](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Original_Haden_mango_tree.jpg)
In 1902, Captain John J. Haden, a retired U.S. army officer living in
Coconut Grove, Florida, planted four dozen seedlings of
Mulgoba
''Malgova or Malgoa is an important mango cultivar mainly grown in Tamilnadu and Karnataka and also in other parts of South India. It is a large round fruit (typically 300-500 g), it has a small hard seed inside and is very juicy and fragrant ...
mangoes he had purchased from Professor Elbridge Gale in Mangonia, near
Lake Worth Lagoon
The Lake Worth Lagoon is a lagoon located in Palm Beach County, Florida. It runs parallel to the coast, and is separated from the Atlantic Ocean by barrier beaches, including Palm Beach Island. The lagoon is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by tw ...
in the area of present-day
West Palm Beach. Haden would die the following year, but his wife Florence cared for the trees at their property in Coconut Grove, which first fruited in 1910. One tree in particular produced superior quality fruit, with brilliant color and good flavor. This cultivar was selected and given the family name. Both historical and pedigree analysis indicates that Haden was likely the result of a cross between
Mulgova (misspelled as ''Mulgoba'', cultivar origin in
Tamil Nadu, India
Tamil Nadu (; , TN) is a States and union territories of India, state in southern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, tenth largest Indian state by area and the List of states and union territories of India ...
) and a
Turpentine
Turpentine (which is also called spirit of turpentine, oil of turpentine, terebenthene, terebinthine and (colloquially) turps) is a fluid obtained by the distillation of resin harvested from living trees, mainly pines. Mainly used as a special ...
mango.
Florence Haden, realizing the potential of the cultivar, reported its success to the Florida State Horticultural Society, and sent two specimens of the fruit to the
United States Department of Agriculture
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is the United States federal executive departments, federal executive department responsible for developing and executing federal laws related to farming, forestry, rural economic development, ...
, and another larger mango to Edward Simmonds of the
Plant Introduction Station at
Miami
Miami ( ), officially the City of Miami, known as "the 305", "The Magic City", and "Gateway to the Americas", is a East Coast of the United States, coastal metropolis and the County seat, county seat of Miami-Dade County, Florida, Miami-Dade C ...
. Simmonds was immediately intrigued and eventually took up propagating the Haden in south Florida. Haden became a big commercial success, largely due to its large-scale propagation by nursery-owner George Cellon, and would dominate the mango industry in the state for roughly 25 years, as well as being introduced to other locations with great success, such as
Honduras
Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America. The republic of Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Oce ...
,
Hawaii
Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only stat ...
and
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
. Haden gradually fell out of favor as a commercial mango largely due to fungus problems, along with inconsistent production, problems with internal breakdown of the fruit (also known as jelly seed), and the availability of new varieties with superior characteristics. Most of the mango varieties subsequently developed in Florida were either direct or indirect descendants of Haden.
![Mango Haden Asit fs8](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Mango_Haden_Asit_fs8.jpg)
Named mango varieties that are likely directly descended from Haden include:
*
Allen-King/Everbearing
*
Anderson (Haden × Sandersha)
*
Bailey's Marvel
The 'Bailey's Marvel' mango is a named, mid-season mango cultivar that originated in southwest Florida.
History
The original tree was grown on Pine Island, Florida from a ' Haden' mango seed planted in the 1940s on the property of the Bailey ...
(Haden × Bombay)
*
Becky (Haden × Brooks)
*
Cogshall
*
Cushman (Haden × Amini)
*
Earlygold
*
Edward
Edward is an English given name. It is derived from the Anglo-Saxon name ''Ēadweard'', composed of the elements '' ēad'' "wealth, fortune; prosperous" and '' weard'' "guardian, protector”.
History
The name Edward was very popular in Anglo-Sa ...
*
Fascell
The 'Fascell' mango is a named commercial mango cultivar that originated in south Florida.
History
The original tree was grown from a seed planted by Michael Fascell of Miami, Florida in 1929, and was likely a cross between Haden and Brooks. ...
(Haden × Brooks)
*
Glenn
*
Hatcher Hatcher is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
*Allen Hatcher (born 1944), U.S. mathematician
* Anna Granville Hatcher (1905–1978), U.S. linguist
*Edwin Starr (born Charles Edwin Hatcher, 1942–2003), U.S. soul singer
* Chris Hat ...
(Haden × Brooks)
*
Hodson
*
Jacquelin (Haden × Bombay)
*
Kent
Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties. It borders Greater London to the north-west, Surrey to the west and East Sussex to the south-west, and Essex to the north across the estuary of the River Thames; it faces ...
(Haden × Brooks)
*
Irwin (Haden × Lippens)
*
Lippens
*
Osteen
*
Palmer
*
Parvin
*
Ruby
A ruby is a pinkish red to blood-red colored gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum ( aluminium oxide). Ruby is one of the most popular traditional jewelry gems and is very durable. Other varieties of gem-quality corundum are called sa ...
*
Sensation
Sensation (psychology) refers to the processing of the senses by the sensory system.
Sensation or sensations may also refer to:
In arts and entertainment In literature
*Sensation (fiction), a fiction writing mode
*Sensation novel, a British ...
(Haden × Brooks)
*
Southern Blush
The 'Southern Blush' mango is a named commercial mango cultivar that originated in south Florida.
History
Southern Blush originated as a seedling beneath an Eldon tree on the property of Laurence Zill. It received its name for being the most ...
(Haden × Cushman)
*
Spirit of '76 Spirit of '76 may refer to:
* Spirit of '76 (sentiment), patriotic sentiment engendered by the American Revolution
* ''The Spirit of '76'' (painting), a painting by Archibald Willard
* ''Spirit of '76'' (album), a 1975 album by Spirit
* Spirit ...
(Haden × Zill)
*
Springfels
The 'Springfels' mango is a large, commercially grown mango cultivar that originated in south Florida.
History
Charles F. Springfels was a German immigrant to the United States who had established a jewelry manufacturing business in Buffalo, Ne ...
*
Tommy Atkins
*
Torbert Torbert may refer to:
People Surname
* Alfred Thomas Archimedes Torbert (1833–1880), American general and diplomat
* Beth Torbert (born 1971), Canadian singer known by her stage name Bif Naked
* C. C. Torbert Jr. (1929–2018), American jurist
* ...
*
Valencia Pride
The 'Valencia Pride' mango is a named late-season mango cultivar that originated in south Florida.
History
The original tree was reportedly grown from a Haden mango seed planted in 1937 on the property of Mrs. Charles Brown in Miami, Florida. ...
*
Van Dyke Van Dyke, VanDyke or Vandyke is an Americanized or anglicized form of the Dutch-language toponymic surname ''Van Dijk'', ''Van Dijke'', ''Van Dijck'', or '' Van Dyck''. Meaning living near the dike.
Van Dyke, VanDyke or Vandyke may refer to:
As a ...
*
Winters (Haden × Ono)
*
Zill (Haden × Bombay)
Despite falling out of favor as a commercial production mango, Haden remained one of the most widely propagated mangoes for nursery stock and home growing throughout the decades, and continues to be today.
Haden trees are planted in the collections of the
USDA
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is the federal executive department responsible for developing and executing federal laws related to farming, forestry, rural economic development, and food. It aims to meet the needs of com ...
's germplasm repository in
Miami, Florida
Miami ( ), officially the City of Miami, known as "the 305", "The Magic City", and "Gateway to the Americas", is a East Coast of the United States, coastal metropolis and the County seat, county seat of Miami-Dade County, Florida, Miami-Dade C ...
, the University of Florida's Tropical Research and Education Center in
Homestead, Florida, and the Miami-Dade
Fruit and Spice Park
The Fruit & Spice Park, formally known as the Preston B. Bird/Mary Heinlein Fruit & Spice Park, is a 37-acre park located in the heart of Redland, Florida, and is the only botanical garden of its kind in the United States. This park is operated b ...
,
also in Homestead. The original tree still stands in Coconut Grove.
Description
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Haden (Mango)
Mango cultivars
Flora of Florida