Hasnabad is a
community development block
In India, a Community development block (CD block) or simply Block is a sub-division of Tehsil, administratively earmarked for planning and development. The area is administered by a Block Development Officer (BDO), supported by several technic ...
that forms an administrative division in
Basirhat subdivision
Basirhat subdivision is an administrative subdivision of the North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
History
In 1757, the East India Company obtained the ''zamindari'' or land-holders rights of the 24 Parganas Zamindari ...
of
North 24 Parganas district
North 24 Parganas (abv. 24 PGS (N)) or sometimes North Twenty Four Parganas is a district in southern West Bengal, of eastern India. North 24 Parganas extends in the tropical zone from latitude 22° 11′ 6″ north to 23° 15′ 2″ north and f ...
in the
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
n
state
State may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Literature
* ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State
* ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States
* ''Our S ...
of
West Bengal
West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fourt ...
.
Geography
Hasnabad is located at .
Hasnabad CD Block is bounded by
Basirhat I
Basirhat I is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Basirhat subdivision of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Geography
Basirhat is located at .
Basirhat I CD Block is bounded by ...
CD Block in the north,
Debhata Upazila
Debhata ( bn, দেবহাটা) is an upazila of Satkhira District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh.
Geography
Debhata is located at . It has 17724 households and total area 176.33 km2.
Debhata Upazila is bounded by Satkhira Sad ...
in
Satkhira District
Satkhira ( bn, সাতক্ষীরা জেলা, pron: ''Satkhira'') is a district in southwestern Bangladesh and is part of Khulna Division. It lies along the border with West Bengal, India. It is on the bank of the Arpangachhia River. ...
of Bangladesh in the east,
Hingalganj
Hingalganj is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Basirhat subdivision of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Etymology
The name Hingalganj came after the name of Tillman Henkel, dis ...
CD Block in the south and
Sandeshkhali I
Sandeshkhali I is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Basirhat subdivision of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Geography
Nazat is located at
Sandeshkhali I CD Block is bounded ...
and
Minakhan
Minakhan is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Basirhat subdivision of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Geography
Minakhan is located at .
Minakhan CD Block is bounded by Basir ...
CD Blocks in the west.
Hasnabad CD Block is part of the Ichhamati-Raimangal Plain, one of the three physiographic regions in the district located in the lower
Ganges Delta. It contains soil of mature black or brownish
loam
Loam (in geology and soil science) is soil composed mostly of sand (particle size > ), silt (particle size > ), and a smaller amount of clay (particle size < ). By weight, its mineral composition is about 40–40–20% concentration of sand–sil ...
to recent
alluvium
Alluvium (from Latin ''alluvius'', from ''alluere'' 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluv ...
. The
Ichhamati flows through the eastern part of the district.
Hasnabad CD Block has an area of 153.07 km
2. It has 1
panchayat samity, 9
gram panchayat
Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bod ...
s, 127 gram sansads (village councils), 74
mouza
In Bangladesh, Pakistan and parts of India a mouza or mauza (also mouja) is a type of administrative district, corresponding to a specific land area within which there may be one or more settlements. Before the 20th century, the term referred to a ...
s and 73 inhabited villages.
Hasnabad
Hasnabad is a village and a gram panchayat in the Hasnabad CD block in the Basirhat subdivision of the North 24 Parganas district in the state of West Bengal, India.Hasnabad is called the' Second Gateway of Sunderban'.
Geography
Location
Ha ...
police station serves this block and Chaltabaria a sub police station has been serves this block. Headquarters of this CD Block is at Hasnabad.
Gram panchayat
Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bod ...
s of Hasnabad block/ panchayat samiti are: Amlani, Bhabanipur I,
Hasnabad
Hasnabad is a village and a gram panchayat in the Hasnabad CD block in the Basirhat subdivision of the North 24 Parganas district in the state of West Bengal, India.Hasnabad is called the' Second Gateway of Sunderban'.
Geography
Location
Ha ...
, Patlikhanpur, Barunhat Rameswarpur, Bhabanipur II, Makhalgachha, Bhebia and
Murarisha.
Sundarbans
The
Sundarbans
Sundarbans (pronounced ) is a mangrove area in the delta formed by the confluence of the Padma, Brahmaputra and Meghna Rivers in the Bay of Bengal. It spans the area from the Baleswar River in Bangladesh's division of Khulna to the Hooghly R ...
is a flat lowland susceptible to the tidal waves along the 260 km shoreline of the Bay of Bengal. The total expanse of Sundarbans is about 2.05 million hectares (8,000 square miles). Of this, only 0.42 million hectares (1,629 square miles or 10,43,000 acres) are under the reserve forests including about 0.19 million hectares covered by creeks and channels. The area is prone to natural calamities such as cyclones, thunderstorms with occasional hail and floods. There are more than 63,400 km of embankments but the floods caused by high
tidal bore
Tidal is the adjectival form of tide.
Tidal may also refer to:
* ''Tidal'' (album), a 1996 album by Fiona Apple
* Tidal (king), a king involved in the Battle of the Vale of Siddim
* TidalCycles, a live coding environment for music
* Tidal (servic ...
s, often wash away much of the embankments, already weakened and broken by earlier cyclonic storms.
In May 2009, the district was hit by high speed cyclone named ''
Aila'' and subsequent rainfall which continued for two days. This created a disaster in 20 out of 22 blocks of the district. 10 out of 27 municipalities of the district were also severely affected.
[
Six CD Blocks of North 24 Parganas are included in the Sundabans area – Hingalganj, Hasnabad, Sandeskhali I and II, Minakhan and Haora.][ The south-eastern part of the district gradually merges into the ]Sunderbans
Sundarbans (pronounced ) is a mangrove area in Ganges Delta, the delta formed by the confluence of the Padma River, Padma, Brahmaputra River, Brahmaputra and Meghna Rivers in the Bay of Bengal. It spans the area from the Baleswar River in Bang ...
.
Demographics
Population
As per 2011 Census of India
The 2011 Census of India or the 15th Indian Census was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. The House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved the collection of information about all buildings. Information ...
Hasnabad CD Block had a total population of 203,262, of which 197,014 were rural and 6,248 were urban. There were 104,019 (51%) males and 99,243 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 25,007. Scheduled Castes
The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
numbered 51,295 (25.24%) and Scheduled Tribes
The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
numbered 7,492 (3.69%).
As per 2001 census, Hasnabad block has a total population of 177,470 out of which 91,122 were males and 86,348 were females.
There is only one census town
In India and some other countries, a census town is designated as a town that satisfies certain characteristics.
India
In India, a census town is one which is not statutorily notified and administered as a town, but nevertheless whose population ...
in Hasnabad CD Block (2011 census figure in brackets): Sadigachhi
Sadigachhi is a census town in the Hasnabad CD block in the Basirhat subdivision of the North 24 Parganas district in the state of West Bengal, India.
Geography
Location
Sadigachhi is ...
(6,248).[
Large villages in Hasnabad CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Murarisaha (5,652), Rajapura (4,158), Dakshin Bhebia (7,102), Kharampur (5,714), Chandpur (4,008), Haripur (4,107), Ghuni (4,281), Chak Patli (7,128), Shulkaniabad (5,414), Bhurkunda (5,617), Ghoshalati (6,892), Ichhapur (7,872) and Barunhat (16,635).][
North 24 Parganas district is densely populated, mainly because of the influx of refugees from East Pakistan (later Bangladesh). With a density of population of 2,182 per km2 in 1971, it was 3rd in terms of density per km2 in West Bengal after Kolkata and Howrah, and 20th in India. According to the District Human Development Report: North 24 Parganas, “High density is also explained partly by the rapid growth of urbanization in the district. In 1991, the percentage of urban population in the district has been 51.23.”
Decadal ]Population Growth
Population growth is the increase in the number of people in a population or dispersed group. Actual global human population growth amounts to around 83 million annually, or 1.1% per year. The global population has grown from 1 billion in 1800 to ...
Rate (%)
The decadal growth of population in Hasnabad CD Block in 2001-2011 was 14.50%. The decadal growth of population in Hasnabad CD Block in 1991-2001 was 17.47%.
The decadal growth rate of population in North 24 Parganas district was as follows: 47.9% in 1951-61, 34.5% in 1961-71, 31.4% in 1971-81, 31.7% in 1981-91, 22.7% in 1991-2001 and 12.0% in 2001-11. The decadal growth rate for West Bengal in 2001-11 was 13.93%. The decadal growth rate for West Bengal was 17.84% in 1991-2001, 24.73% in 1981-1991 and 23.17% in 1971-1981.
The decadal growth rate of population in neighbouring Satkhira District
Satkhira ( bn, সাতক্ষীরা জেলা, pron: ''Satkhira'') is a district in southwestern Bangladesh and is part of Khulna Division. It lies along the border with West Bengal, India. It is on the bank of the Arpangachhia River. ...
in Bangladesh was 6.50% for the decade 2001-2011, down from 16.75% in the decade 1991-2001 and 17.90% in the decade 1981-1991.
Only a small portion of the border with Bangladesh has been fenced and it is popularly referred to as a porous border. It is freely used by Bangladeshi infiltrators, terrorists, smugglers, criminals. et al.
See also - Hasnabad
Hasnabad is a village and a gram panchayat in the Hasnabad CD block in the Basirhat subdivision of the North 24 Parganas district in the state of West Bengal, India.Hasnabad is called the' Second Gateway of Sunderban'.
Geography
Location
Ha ...
for information on floating border outposts.
Literacy
As per the 2011 census, the total number of literates in Hasnabad CD Block was 127,403 (71.47% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 69,699 (76.34% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 57,704 (66.36% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity
Sex differences in humans have been studied in a variety of fields. Sex determination occurs by the presence or absence of a Y in the 23rd pair of chromosomes in the human genome. Phenotypic sex refers to an individual's sex as determined by the ...
(the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 9.98%.[
See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate
]
Language and religion
In the 2011 census Muslims numbered 114,869 and formed 56.51% of the population in Hasnabad CD Block. Hindus numbered 88,112 and formed 43.35% of the population. Others numbered 281 and formed 0.14% of the population.
In 1981 Hindus numbered 83,096 and formed 61.76% of the population and Muslims numbered 51,496 and formed 38.24% of the population. In 1991 Muslims numbered 83,328 and formed 55.14% of the population and Hindus numbered 67,787 and formed 44.86% of the population in Hasnabad CD Block. (In 1981 and 1991 census was conducted as per jurisdiction of the police station). In 2001 in Hasnabad CD block Muslims were 96,710 (54.48%) and Hindus 80,659 (45.44%).
Bengali
Bengali or Bengalee, or Bengalese may refer to:
*something of, from, or related to Bengal, a large region in South Asia
* Bengalis, an ethnic and linguistic group of the region
* Bengali language, the language they speak
** Bengali alphabet, the w ...
is the predominant language, spoken by 99.70% of the population.
Rural Poverty
28.69% of households in Hasnabad CD Block lived below poverty line
Below Poverty Line is a benchmark used by the government of India to indicate economic disadvantage and to identify individuals and households in need of government assistance and aid. It is determined using various parameters which vary from s ...
in 2001, against an average of 29.28% in North 24 Parganas district.
Livelihood
In Hasnabad CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 9,171 and formed 11.45% of the total workers, agricultural labourers numbered 22,229 and formed 27.76%, household industry workers numbered 8,770 and formed 10.95% and other workers numbered 39,907 and formed 49.84%. Total workers numbered 80,077 and formed 39.40% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 123,185 and formed 69.60% of the population.
In more than 30 percent of the villages in North 24 Parganas, agriculture or household industry is no longer the major source of livelihood for the main workers there. The CD Blocks in the district can be classified as belonging to three categories: border areas, Sundarbans area and other rural areas. The percentage of other workers in the other rural areas category is considerably higher than those in the border areas and Sundarbans area.
Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person’s land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.
Infrastructure
There are 73 inhabited villages in Hasnabad CD Block. 100% villages have power supply and drinking water supply. 16 villages (21.92%) have post offices. 58 villages (79.45%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 34 villages (46.48%) have a pucca approach road and 22 villages (30.14%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 8 villages (10.96%) have agricultural credit societies and 3 villages (4.11% ) have banks.
Agriculture
The North 24 Parganas district Human Development Report
The Human Development Report (HDR) is an annual Human Development Index report published by the Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
The first HDR was launched in 1990 by the Pakistani economist ...
opines that in spite of agricultural productivity in North 24 Parganas district being rather impressive 81.84% of rural population suffered from shortage of food. With a high urbanisation of 54.3% in 2001, the land use pattern in the district is changing quite fast and the area under cultivation is declining. However, agriculture is still the major source of livelihood in the rural areas of the district.
From 1977 on wards major land reforms
Land reform is a form of agrarian reform involving the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership. Land reform may consist of a government-initiated or government-backed property redistribution, generally of agricultural ...
took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants. Following land reforms land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2010-11, persons engaged in agriculture in Hasnabad CD Block could be classified as follows: bargadar
Sharecropping is a legal arrangement with regard to agricultural land in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land.
Sharecropping has a long history and there are a wide range ...
s 11,632 (20.87%), patta (document) holders 10,432 (18.72%), small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 1,480 (2.66%), marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 16,345 (29.32%) and agricultural labourers 15,849 (28.43%).
Hasnabad CD Block had 90 fertiliser depots, no seed store and no fair price shop in 2010-11.[
In 2010-11, Hasnabad CD Block produced 23,983 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop from 10,128 hectares, 6,169 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 1,795 hectares, 3 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 1 hectare, 40 tonnes of wheat from 15 hectares, 18,739 tonnes of jute from 1,169 hectares and 12,542 tonnes of potatoes from 419 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.][
There were no irrigation facilities in Hasnabad CD Block in 2010-11.][
]
Pisciculture
In 2010-11, the net area under effective pisciculture in Hasnabad CD Block was 2,257 hectares. 20,439 persons were engaged in the profession. Approximate annual production was 67,710 quintals.[
]
Banking
In 2010-11, Hasnabad CD Block had offices of 6 commercial banks and 3 gramin banks.[
]
Transport
In 2010-11, Hasnabad CD Block had 3 ferry services and 5 originating/ terminating bus routes.[
SH 2 passes through this CD Block.
Hasnabad is 75 km from ]Sealdah
Sealdah is a neighbourhood of Central Kolkata in Kolkata district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Etymology
Jackals (''sheal'' in Bengali) howled around Sealdah. Antiquarians identify it as Shrigaldwipa (Jackal Island). Nearby Beliaghata wa ...
and the electrified train line is via Barasat
Barasat () is a city and a municipality of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the headquarters of Barasat Sadar subdivision. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) ...
. It is part of the Kolkata Suburban Railway
The Kolkata Suburban Railway is a suburban rail system serving the Kolkata metropolitan area and its surroundings in India. It is the largest suburban railway network in the country with the highest number of stations. It is also the 7th larg ...
. The Barasat – Hasnabad light railway has been converted to a broad gauge section.
Hasnabad railway station is the terminus of the Barasat-Hasnabad line. There are some nearby stations also: Taki Road railway station, Nimdanri railway station and Madhyampur railway station.
Education
In 2010-11, Hasnabad CD Block had 125 primary schools with 13,154 students, 1 middle school with 172 students, 12 high schools with 8,516 students and 9 higher secondary schools with 8,312 students. Hasnabad CD Block had 388 institutions for special and non-formal education with 18,446 students.[
As per the 2011 census, in Hasnabad CD Block, amongst the 73 inhabited villages, 3 villages did not have a school, 37 villages had more than 1 primary school, 20 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 17 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.
]
Healthcare
In 2011, Hasnabad CD Block had 1 rural hospital and 3 primary health centres, with total 18 beds and 9 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 33 family welfare subcentres. 13,883 patients were treated in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.[
Taki Rural Hospital at Taki with 50 beds functions as the main medical facility in Hasnabad CD Block. There are primary health centres at Bhurkundu (Bhawanipur PHC with10 beds), Bhebia (Gholas PHC with 6 beds) and Bara Bankra (Barunhat PHC with 10).
Hasnabad block is one of the areas where ground water is affected by arsenic contamination.]
See also
* Hasnabad (Vidhan Sabha constituency)
References
{{North 24 Parganas topics
Community development blocks in North 24 Parganas district