Hasan Lahiji (1621-1709), also known as Kashefi or Mirza Hasan, was a

Shia Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest Islamic schools and branches, branch of Islam. It holds that the Prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad designated Ali, ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his S ...

theologian Theology is the systematic study of the nature of the divine and, more broadly, of religious belief. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing the ...

and philosopher in the

Safavid Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often conside ...

period. His written works are primarily on the philosophy of the Shia imamate.Corbin 1976.

Background

Hasan Lahiji was the son of Molla

Abd al-Razzaq Lahiji ʿAbd-Al-Razzāq B. ʿAlī B. Al-Hosayn Lāhījī (died c. 1072 AH 662 CE was an Iranian theologian, poet and philosopher. His mentor in philosophy was his father-in-law Mulla Sadra. Life Hailing from Lahijan in Gilan, he spent most of his lif ...

and the grandson of

Molla Sadra Ṣadr ad-Dīn Muḥammad Shīrāzī, more commonly known as Mullā Ṣadrā ( fa, ملا صدرا; ar, صدر المتألهین) (c. 1571/2 – c. 1635/40 CE / 980 – 1050 AH), was a Persian Twelver Shi'i Islamic mystic, philosopher, the ...

Shirazi. He studied in

Qom Qom (also spelled as "Ghom", "Ghum", or "Qum") ( fa, قم ) is the seventh largest metropolis and also the seventh largest city in Iran. Qom is the capital of Qom Province. It is located to the south of Tehran. At the 2016 census, its popul ...

until his death.Nasr 2006. Mirza Hasan lived during the late

dynasty and stood opposed to Hikmah and

Irfan In Islam, ‘Irfan (Arabic/Persian/Urdu: ; tr, İrfan), literally ‘knowledge, awareness, wisdom’, is gnosis. Islamic mysticism can be considered as a vast range that engulfs theoretical and practical and conventional mysticism, but the co ...

(against the Shia tradition of kalam al-hikmat al-ilåhiyyah).

Kalam replaced

Kalam ''ʿIlm al-Kalām'' ( ar, عِلْم الكَلام, literally "science of discourse"), usually foreshortened to ''Kalām'' and sometimes called "Islamic scholastic theology" or "speculative theology", is the philosophical study of Islamic doc ...

in this period, so Mirza Hasan learned Kalam and philosophy to defend the

theological teachings. He first wrote about Hikmah to explain the relationship between Hikmah and Sufism. Other esoteric religious authorities rejected him because he wrote about Hikmah. After his rejection he began to write about Ethics and Kalam.

Works

Mirza Hasan wrote many works on

philosophy and Kalam. Both Ashtyani and Nasr referred to his works. According to Corbin, most of his works still exist as manuscripts. Some of his works include * ''Zawahir al-hikam'' (written in Arabic) Zawahir g. Zahir, ''flower'' Hikam g. Hikmahref name=":0" /> *''Ayineh-ye hikmah'' (Mirror of Philosophy) * ''Rawai al hikmah''. *''Ithbat al-Rajah''. * ''Sham Al-yaqin''. *Glosses upon ''Shawariq'' written by his father.

References

Resources

* *Nasr, ''Islamic Philosophy from its Beginning to the Present'', 2006. {{Islamic philosophy Islamic philosophers Safavid theologians 17th-century writers from Safavid Iran 18th-century writers from Safavid Iran 1621 births 1709 deaths