Harti ( so, Harti, ar, هرتي), meaning "strong man", is a

Somali clan The Somalis ( so, Soomaalida 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒆𐒖, ar, صوماليون) are an ethnic group native to the Horn of Africa who share a common ancestry, culture and history. The Lowland East Cushitic Somali language is the shared mo ...

family that is part of the

Darod The Darod ( so, Daarood, ar, دارود) is a Somali clan. The forefather of this clan was Sheikh Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti, more commonly known as ''Darood''. The clan primarily settles the apex of the Horn of Africa and its peripherie ...

clan. The major sub-clans include the

Majeerteen The Majeerteen ( so, Majeerteen, ar, ماجرتين; also spelled Majerteen, Macherten, Majertain, or Mijurtin) is a sub-clan. It is one of the major Somali groups, with a vast traditional territory spanning 3 major regions of Somalia: Bari, ...

Dhulbahante The Dhulbahante ( so, Dhulbahante, ar, دلبةنتئ) is a Somali clan family, part of the Harti clan which itself belongs to the largest Somali clan-family — the Darod. They are the traditional inhabitants of the physiographic Nugaal in its ...

Warsangali The Warsangali ( so, Warsangeli, ar, قبيلة ورسنجلي) is a major Somali sub clan, part of the Harti clan which itself belongs to one of the largest Somali clan-families - the Darod. In the Somali language, the name Warsangali means ...

, Tinle, Maganlabe and

Dishiishe The Darod ( so, Daarood, ar, دارود) is a Somali clan. The forefather of this clan was Sheikh Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti, more commonly known as ''Darood''. The clan primarily settles the apex of the Horn of Africa and its peripherie ...

, while other minor sub-clans consist of Kaskiqabe, Geesaguule and Liibaangashe. The clan settles the apex of the

Horn of Africa The Horn of Africa (HoA), also known as the Somali Peninsula, is a large peninsula and geopolitical region in East Africa.Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara, Second Edition: A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guilford Press; 2004), ...

and its peripheries, and in the south, the clan settles on both sides of the

Kenya ) , national_anthem = "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , ...

Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti ...

border.

Distribution

The extended formal name of the Harti clan is Saleh Abdi Mohamed

Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti, ( ar, عبدالرحمن بن اسماعيل الجبرتي) also known as Daarood, Dawud or Da'ud (), is the semi-legendary common ancestor of the Somali Darod clan. According to local tradition, Abdirahman d ...

. The primary homeland of the Harti is the state of

Puntland Puntland ( so, Puntland, ar, أرض البنط, it, Terra di Punt or ''Paese di Punt''), officially the Puntland State of Somalia ( so, Dowlad Goboleedka Puntland ee Soomaaliya, ar, ولاية أرض البنط الصومالية), is a F ...

in northeastern

. The clan is well represented in the regions of

Sool Sool ( so, Sool, ar, صول) is an administrative region ('' gobol'') in south eastern Somaliland/north western Somalia. It borders Togdheer to the west, Sanaag to the north, Ethiopia to the south and Nugal, Bari to the east. Its capital city ...

Sanaag Sanag ( so, Sanaag, ar, سَنَاج) is an administrative region ('' gobol'') in north eastern Somaliland.Regions o ...

Togdheer Togdheer ( so, Togdheer, ar, تُوْجْدَيْر, Tūjdayr) is an administrative region ('' gobol'') in central Somaliland. Togdheer is bordered by Maroodi Jeex to the west, Saaxil to the north, Sanaag to the northeast, Sool to the east a ...

Bari Bari ( , ; nap, label= Barese, Bare ; lat, Barium) is the capital city of the Metropolitan City of Bari and of the Apulia region, on the Adriatic Sea, southern Italy. It is the second most important economic centre of mainland Southern Italy a ...

Nugaal Nugaal is an intermittent river that runs along the Nugaal Valley. It begins several miles to the west of Sool, and ends at Eyl where the outlet flows into the Indian Ocean. It evaporates at the onset of the hagaa, the Somali dry season. Due to ...

and

Mudug Mudug ( so, Mudug; it, Mudugh) is an administrative region ('' gobol'') in north-central Somalia. The population of Mudug is 131,455 as of 2005. Overview Physiographically, Mudug is bordered to the west by Ethiopia,Országismertető - Szomália ...

. There is also a significant trading Harti community in the state of Jubaland particularly in the port city of

Kismayo Kismayo ( so, Kismaayo, Maay: ''Kismanyy'', ar, كيسمايو, ; it, Chisimaio) is a port city in the southern Lower Juba (Jubbada Hoose) province of Somalia. It is the commercial capital of the autonomous Jubaland region. The city is situa ...

. In

Ethiopia Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...

, they are well represented in the

Dollo Zone Dollo ( so, Doollo) is one of the nine zones in the Somali Region of Ethiopia. It was previously known as Warder/Werder, so named after its largest city, Warder. Dollo is bordered on the southwest by Korahe, on the northwest by Jarar, on the ...

, whilst they have a notable presence in the North Eastern Province of

Kenya ) , national_anthem = "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , ...

History

Northern Sultanates

The

Majeerteen Sultanate The Majeerteen Sultanate ( so, Suldanadda Majeerteen 𐒈𐒚𐒐𐒆𐒖𐒒𐒖𐒆𐒆𐒖 𐒑𐒖𐒃𐒜𐒇𐒂𐒜𐒒, lit=Boqortooyada Majerteen, ar, سلطنة مجرتين), also known as Majeerteen Kingdom or Majeerteenia and Migiu ...

(Migiurtinia) was founded in the mid-18th century. It rose to prominence the following century, under the reign of the resourceful Boqor (King)

Osman Mahamuud Osman Mahamuud ( so, Cismaan Maxamuud, ar, عثمان محمود), also known as `Uthman III ibn Mahmud, was a Somali king. He led the Majeerteen Sultanate during the 19th century. Majeerteen Sultanate The Majeerteen Sultanate was established by ...

Helen Chapin Metz Helen Chapin Metz (April 12, 1928 – May 13, 2011) was an American editor and Middle East analyst. Life Helen Chapin was born on April 12, 1928, in Peking, China. She was the daughter of diplomat Selden Chapin and Mary Paul Noyes. Her brother, ...

, ed., ''Somalia: a country study'', (The Division: 1993), p. 10 . Centred in

Aluula Alula ( so, Caluula, ar, علولة), also spelled Aluula, is a coastal town in the northeastern Bari, Somalia, Bari region and is part of the autonomous state of Puntland, on the coast of the Guardafui Channel. In the late 19th and early 20th ce ...

, it controlled much of northern and central Somalia in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The polity maintained a robust trading network, entered into treaties with foreign powers, and exerted strong centralized authority on the domestic front. With the gradual extension of European colonial rule into northern Somalia, all three sultanates were annexed to

Italian Somaliland Italian Somalia ( it, Somalia Italiana; ar, الصومال الإيطالي, Al-Sumal Al-Italiy; so, Dhulka Talyaaniga ee Soomaalida), was a protectorate and later colony of the Kingdom of Italy in present-day Somalia. Ruled in the 19th centur ...

and

British Somaliland British Somaliland, officially the Somaliland Protectorate ( so, Dhulka Maxmiyada Soomaalida ee Biritishka), was a British Empire, British protectorate in present-day Somaliland. During its existence, the territory was bordered by Italian Soma ...

in the early 20th century.

Darawiish sultanate-emirate-chieftainship

Nur Hedik wearing the emblematic Kuuk Darawiish prayer bead on his left wrist and the duubcad turban on his head

The Darawiish, mostly hailed from the Dhulbahante and drew the majority of its followers from this clan; the four major Darawiish administrative divisions, i.e.

Dooxato Haroun, also called Fadhiweyn, and natively transliterated as Xarunta in Somali, was a government and headquarters of the Dervishes, headed by Faarax Mahmud Sugulle. According to Claude Edward Marjoribanks Dansey, the political officer in th ...

Shiikhyaale Haroun, also called Fadhiweyn, and natively transliterated as Xarunta in Somali, was a government and headquarters of the Dervishes, headed by Faarax Mahmud Sugulle. According to Claude Edward Marjoribanks Dansey, the political officer in th ...

, Golaweyne and

Miinanle Haroun, also called Fadhiweyn, and natively transliterated as Xarunta in Somali, was a government and headquarters of the Dervishes, headed by Faarax Mahmud Sugulle. According to Claude Edward Marjoribanks Dansey, the political officer in th ...

were near exclusively Dhulbahante. The Dhulbahante in Buuhodle were particularly the first and most persistent supporters of the Dervish chieftainship-emirate-sultanate. The poet

Aadan Carab Aadan Carab was a poet born in Darawiish-controlled territory in 1917. The early forms of poetry of Aadan Carab is primarily concerned with clan duels, and or clans prevailing over others either in jest or pertaining to actual events. His latter p ...

noted that the Dhulbahante experienced a genocide at the hands of European colonialists due to their Darawiish adherence, noting the Dhulbahante genocide in his poem ''Diidda Ama Yeella''. The Dervish chieftainship-sultanate resisted colonial occupation, especially the British who were aided by other Somali clans.

Foundation of Puntland

In 1998, the Harti community convened at

Garowe Garowe ( so, Garoowe, ar, غَاْرَّوْؤَيَ,

to discuss their political future. The conference lasted for a period of three months. Attended by the area's political elite, traditional elders (''Issims''), members of the business community, intellectuals and other civil society representatives, the autonomous Puntland State of Somalia was established to deliver services to the population, offer security, facilitate trade, and interact with domestic and international partners. Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed served as the fledgling state's founding president.

Clan tree

There is no clear agreement on the clan and sub-clan structures and many lineages are omitted. The following listing is taken from the

World Bank The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects. The World Bank is the collective name for the Interna ...

's ''Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics'' from 2005 and the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and North ...

's Home Office publication, ''Somalia Assessment 2001''.Worldbank,
Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics
', January 2005, Appendix 2, Lineage Charts, p.55 Figure A-1Country Information and Policy Unit, Home Office, Great Britain, Somalia Assessment 2001, Annex B: Somali Clan Structure
, p. 43 *

(

Daarood The Darod ( so, Daarood, ar, دارود) is a Somali clan. The forefather of this clan was Sheikh Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti, more commonly known as ''Darood''. The clan primarily settles the apex of the Horn of Africa and its peripheri ...

) **Mohamed Darod (Kabalah) ***Abdi Mohamed (Kombe) ****Saleh Abdi (Harti) *****Mohamed Harti (

) *****Said Harti (

) *****Mohamoud Harti (

) *****Ahmed Harti (

) *****Abdirahman Harti (Kaskiqabe) *****Geesaguule *****LibanGashhe

Notable Harti members

Darawiish territory according to Somali historian Muxamed Ibraahim Muxamed,

Commanders

* Nuurxaashi Cali, commander of one of the two Garbo subdivisions, named after himself * Jaamac Cudur, commander of a Garbo (Darawiish) subdivision *

Osman Boss Haroun, also called Fadhiweyn, and natively transliterated as Xarunta in Somali language, Somali, was a government and headquarters of the Dervish movement (Somali), Dervishes, headed by Faarax Mahmud Sugulle. According to Claude Dansey, Claude ...

, commander of a

Ragxun Haroun, also called Fadhiweyn, and natively transliterated as Xarunta in Somali, was a government and headquarters of the Dervishes, headed by Faarax Mahmud Sugulle. According to Claude Edward Marjoribanks Dansey, the political officer in the ...

subdivision * Cabbane Sugulle, commander of

Burcadde-Godwein Haroun, also called Fadhiweyn, and natively transliterated as Xarunta in Somali, was a government and headquarters of the Dervishes, headed by Faarax Mahmud Sugulle. According to Claude Edward Marjoribanks Dansey, the political officer in th ...

, a Darawiish administrative division *

Adan Ali Gurey Adan Ali Gurey was a political advisor in the Darawiish, an anti-colonial instigator, the commander of Golaweyne, a chieftain of the Dhulbahante, and an arms supplier. Goleweyne commander and arms Adan Ali Gurey was also described as commander o ...

, commander of Golaweyne * Ali Meggar, Darawiish naval commander * Suleiman Aden Galaydh, Darawiish commander at Cagaarweyne * Nur Hedik, commander of

(the Darawiish cavalry) who had a

regiment named after him * Haji Yusuf Barre, commander of the biggest battle in Darawiish history, i.e. Jidbali; singlehanded defender of Taleh *

Yusuf Agararan Jidali fort was a cross-shaped fort of the Dervish era located in the town of Jidali in Sanaag, Somaliland and is also the first place in Africa to be bombed via aerial bombardment by a tally of four sorties of De Havilland DH-9's on 21 January ...

, Jama Siad, led most successful Darawiish raid since Dul Madoba *

Ibraahin Xoorane Dul Madoba () is a hill ridge southeast of Burao in Somaliland. Dul Madoba is located at an elevation of 922 metres above sea level. It was also the location of a famous battle in which the Dervishes won a victory against the British, and wherei ...

, Darawiish commander who killed

Richard Corfield Richard Conyngham Corfield (27 April 1882 – 9 August 1913) was a British colonial police officer who saw service in South Africa, Nigeria, India, Kenya and Somalia in the early 20th century. His death at the hands of Darawiish Ibraahin X ...

* Axmed Aarey, Darawiish artillery commander who abetted

's death *

Mohamed Abshir Muse Mohamed Abshir Muse ( so, Maxamed Abshir Muuse, ar, محمد أبشير موسى); July 01, 1926 — October 25, 2017 also known as Mahamed Abshir Haamaan, was a prominent Somali General and the first Commander of the Somali Police Force. Early ...

, first commander of the Somali Police Force * Abdullahi Ahmed Irro, Somali General, founded the National Academy for Strategy. * Mohamed Adam Ahmed, former

Chief of Staff The title chief of staff (or head of staff) identifies the leader of a complex organization such as the armed forces, institution, or body of persons and it also may identify a principal staff officer (PSO), who is the coordinator of the supporti ...

of the

Somali Armed Forces The Somali Armed Forces are the military forces of the Federal Republic of Somalia. Headed by the president as commander-in-chief, they are constitutionally mandated to ensure the nation's sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity. Ch ...

Prime ministers & leaders

Xidhiidhiye Jaamac Fararax Maxamuud Sugulle, overseeing the coronation of garaad Abdiqani

* Suleiman Haglotosiye, SSC president *

Cabbaas Xuseen Afbakayle is a 1905 poem by the Sayid Mohammed Abdullah Hassan made while he was in exile. The poem is a political poem which primarily deals with the topic of treachery and two-facedness, known as ''jeesjeesnimo'' in Somali. According to scholar A ...

, first prime minister of the Darawiish (1895 - 1900) * Xaashi Suni Fooyaan, peace-time prime minister of the Darawiish (1905-1906) *

Ali Khalif Galaydh Ali Khalif Galaydh ( so, Cali Khalif Galaydh, ar, علي خليف غلير) (15 October 1941 – 8 October 2020) was a Somali politician. He was the Prime Minister of the transitional Somalia administration from 8 October 2000 to 28 October 2001. ...

, Ex-Prime minister of Somalia and Khaatumo President. *

Abdiweli Gaas Abdiweli Mohamed Ali GaasBriefi ...

, former Prime Minister of Somalia, current President of Puntland. * Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, former President of Somalia, President of Puntland and leader/co-founder of the Somali Salvation Democratic Front. * Faarax Sugulle, head of the Darawiish haroun * Indhosheel, former Khatumo president * Mohamed Abdi Hashi, President of

, October 2004 – January 2005 *

Abdirashid Shermarke Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke ( so, Cabdirashiid Cali Sharmaarke, ar, عبد الرشيد علي شارماركي) (8 June 1919 – 15 October 1969), also known as Abdirashid Shermarke, was Prime Minister of Somali Republic from 12 July 1960, to 14 J ...

, first Prime Minister of Somalia, second President of Somalia (10 June 1967 until 16 October 1969) *

Abdirizak Haji Hussein Abdirizak Haji Hussein ( so, Cabdirisaaq Xaaji Xuseen; ar, عبد الرزاق حاجي حسين‎; 24 December 192431 January 2014) was a Somali diplomat and politician. He was the Prime Minister of Somali Republic from 14 June 1964 to 15 Ju ...

, former Prime Minister of Somalia (1964–1967), and former Secretary General of the Somali Youth League. * Omar Sharmarke, Prime Minister of Somalia, and son of Abdirashid Sharmarke *

Abdirizak Jurile Abdirizak Jurile ( so, Cabdirisaaq Juurile, ar, عبد الرزاق جريل), commonly known as ''Jurile'', is a Somali British politician, diplomat and professor. Currently he is a Member of Somali Senate, he served as Somali Minister of ...

, Veteran politician and Former Somalia Minister of Planning, Head of numerous International agencies *

Mohamud Muse Hersi Mohamud Muse Hersi ( so, Maxamuud Muuse Xirsi Cadde, ar, محمد موسى حرسي; 1 July 1937 – 8 February 2017), also known as Adde Musa, was a Somali politician. He was the President of the Puntland region of Somalia from 8 January 2005 to ...

, third President of Puntland *

Abdihakim Amey Abdihakim Abdullahi Haji Omar ( so, Cabdihakiin Cabdulaahi Xaaji Cumar, ar, عبد الحكيم عبد الله حاجي عمر), also known as Abdihakin Abdullahi Omar Amey, is a Somali politician. Former Vice President of Puntland. Personal ...

, former Puntland vice-president *

Abdisamad Ali Shire Abdisamad Ali Shire Abdisamad Ali Shire ( so, Cabdisamad Cali Shiire, ar, عبد الصمد علي شيري) is a former Vice President of Puntland.

, former Puntland vice-president *

Ahmed Elmi Osman Personal life Osman belongs to the Dhulbahante Harti Darod clan. Career Early career In 2009, Osman served as the Minister of Aviation of the autonomous Puntland state in northeastern Somalia. He later helped form Khatumo State administratio ...

, vice-president of Puntland since 2019 *

Abdirahman Farole Abdirahman Mohamud Farole ( so, Cabdiraxmaan Maxamuud Faroole; ar, عبد الرحمن محمد; born 1945) is a Somali politician. He served for many years in the government, acting as a governor of the Nugal region of Somalia in the 1990s an ...

, former President of Puntland * Barkhad Ali Salah, first mayor of Bosaso * Mohamed Geedeeye, first mayor-representative of Caynabo for Garad Ali's USP party *

Ibrahim Eid Garad Ali Garad Jama was the 19th garad of the Dhulbahante Garadate, from 1966 until 1985, although he was the effective supreme Garad of the Dhulbahante The Dhulbahante ( so, Dhulbahante, ar, دلبةنتئ) is a Somali clan family, part of t ...

, first mayor-representative of Xudun for Garad Ali's USP party *

Said Mohamed Rage Said Mohamed Rage ( so, Siciid Maxamed Raage, ar, سعيد محمد راجي) is a Somali British politician. He has become the Minister of Ports, Marine Transport and Marine Resource of the autonomous Puntland state in northeastern Somalia. Rag ...

, Founder of Puntland counter-piracy & maritime crimes authority

Enterprisers

Mohamud Xoosh, the last castellan of Silsilad

, poet who documented the Dhulbahante genocide at the hands of European colonialists during the Darawiish era * Afqarshe Ismail, former Darawiish spokesman-poet; and first person to die in an airstrike in Africa *

Ismail Mire Ismail Mire Elmi ( so, Ismaaciil Mire Cilmi), was a renowned Somali poet and one of the most senior Darawiish generals. He served within the movement's governing council (Khusuusi), often responsible for intelligence operations.Dictionary of Afri ...

, Darwiish supreme commander, poet * Jama Biixi Kidin, last resident of

Silsilad The Mohamoud Garad ( so, Maxamuud Garaad, ar, محمود جراد, Full Name:'' ’Mohamoud Shirshore Habarwa Abdullah Muse Said Saleh Abdi Mohamed Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti'' ) is a Somali clan. Its members form a part of the Dhulba ...

; Darawiish child prisoner * Guled Adan, reverse engineer of electric toys * Ali Awale, created Somalia's national anthem * Aw Jama, Somali scholar, historian and collector of oral literature of Somalia. He wrote the first authoritative study of Dervishes. *

Saado Ali Warsame Saado Ali Warsame ( so, Saado Cali Warsame, ar, سادو علي ورسمه; 1950 – 23 July 2014) was a Somali-American singer-songwriter and politician. She served as a lawmaker in the Federal Parliament of Somalia representing Puntland State o ...

, singer-songwriter and former MP in the Federal Parliament of Somalia. * Ali Dhuh, anti-darwiish poet. * Kiin Jama, Somali artist * Ali Haji Warsame, entrepreneur, former chief executive officer of Golis Telecom Somalia *

Amina Mohamed Amina Chawahir Mohamed Jibril ( so, Aamina Maxamed Jibriil; ar, أمينة محمد جبريل), born 5 October 1961, is a former Kenyan cabinet secretary, lawyer and a diplomat of Somali descent. She is the immediate former Cabinet Secretary ...

, former chairman of the INM and the

WTO The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization that regulates and facilitates international trade. With effective cooperation in the United Nations System, governments use the organization to establish, revise, and e ...

's General Council, and the current Secretary for Foreign Affairs of

Kenya ) , national_anthem = "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , ...

. *

Abdi Bile Abdi Bile ( so, Cabdi Bile Cabdi, ar, عبد بلي عبد ; born 28 December 1962) is a former middle distance runner. He holds the highest number of national records in athletics in Somalia across various disciplines. He is currently Somalia' ...

, Somalia's most decorated athlete with the most Somali national records * Mohamed Suleiman, first ethnic Somali to win an Olympic medal * Abdinasir Ali Hassan, chairman of Hass petroleum. * Abdi Holland, Somali artist. *

Abdillahi Mohammed Ahmed Abdillahi Mohamed Ahmed "Qablan": Hon. Abdillahi (1926–1993) was born in 1926 in Las Khorey. He was a member of the political party Somali Youth League (SYL) in Somalia and the Minister of National and Coordination. Early life He was taken t ...

(1926–1993), known as Qablan, former Under-Secretary of Finance *

Farah Awl Farah Mohamed Jama Awl ( so, Faarax Maxamed Jaamac Cawl, ar, فارح محمد جامع عول; 1937–1991), usually credited as Farah Awl, was a Somali writer. His surname ''Cawl'' () means "gazelle", which was the nickname of his great-g ...

(1937–1991), writer *

Fatima Jibrell Fatima Jibrell ( so, Fadumo Jibriil, ar, فاطمة جبريل; born December 30, 1947) is a Somali-American environmental activist. She was the co-founder and executive director of the Horn of Africa Relief and Development Organization (now Ade ...

founder of the Horn relief now known as ADESO. *

Yaasiin Cismaan Keenadiid Yasin Osman Kenadid ( so, Yaasiin Cismaan Keenadiid, ar, ياسين عثمان كينايديض) (1919–27 November 1988) was a Somali intellectual, writer and linguist. He was an influential literary scholar, having written a seminal dictionar ...

, traditional Somali linguist *

Shire Haji Farah Shire Haji Farah Yusuf ( so, Shire Xaaji Faarax, ar, شيري حاجي فرح) is a Somali entrepreneur. He is the Minister of Planning and International Relations of Puntland. Biography Farah hails from the autonomous Puntland region in northe ...

, entrepreneur, and Executive Committee Member of the Somali Business Council *

Omar A. Ali Omar Abdi Ali ( so, Cumar Cabdi Cali, ar, عمر عبدي علي) is a Somali people, Somali entrepreneur, accountant, financial consultant, philanthropist, and a leading specialist on Islamic economic jurisprudence, Islamic finance. From 1986 t ...

, entrepreneur, accountant, financial consultant, philanthropist, and leading specialist on Islamic finance. *

Osman Yusuf Kenadid Osman Yusuf Kenadid ( so, Cusmaan Yuusuf Keenadiid; ar, عثمان يوسف كيناديد; 1889 – 14 August 1972) was a Somali poet, writer, teacher and ruler. Born in Ceel Huur in 1889, he went on to create the Osmanya alphabet for writing ...

, inventor of the Osmanya writing script *

Mohammed Awale Liban Hagi Mohammed Awale Liban ( so, Maxamed Cawaale Liibaan, ar, محمد عوالي ليبان ) was a Somali scholar. He is noted for having designed the flag of Somalia in 1954.Maria Costantino, ''The Illustrated Flag Handbook'', (Gramercy Books: ...

, designed the flag of Somalia *

Maxamed Daahir Afrax Maxamed Daahir Afrax ( so, Maxamed Daahir Afraax, ar, محمد طاهر أفرح) Ph. D. is a Somali novelist, playwright, journalist and scholar. Biography Afrax was born and raised in Somalia. He began his education early as a child and was ...

, novelist, playwright, journalist and scholar * Iman (Zara Mohamed Abdulmajid), a Somali-American fashion model, actress and entrepreneur. A pioneer in the ethnic-cosmetics market, she is also noted for her philanthropic work. She is the widow of English rock musician David Bowie. *

Abdulqawi Yusuf Abdulqawi Ahmed Yusuf ( so, Cabdulqaawi Axmed Yuusuf) is a Somali lawyer and judge serving on the International Court of Justice since 2009. He served as the court's president from 2018 to 2021. Early life Yusuf was born in the northeastern t ...

, lawyer and judge at the International Court of Justice. * Ali A. Abdi, sociologist and educationist, professor of education and international development, the University of British Columbia.

Royalty

*Diiriye Guure, head / sultan of Dhulbahante, a position that coalesced with the Dervish *Garad Jama Garad Ali, Traditional Clan Chief of Dhulbahante Clan. * Garad Mukhtar Garad Ali, Traditional Clan Chief. *

Ali Yusuf Kenadid Ali Yusuf Kenadid ( so, Cali Yuusuf Keenadiid, ar, علي يوسف كينايديض) was a Somali ruler. He was the second ruler of the Sultanate of Hobyo. History Ali Yusuf was born into a Majeerteen Darod family. His father, Sultan Yusuf Ali ...

, last Sultan of the Sultanate of Hobyo *

Gerad Hamar Gale Gerad Hamar Gale or Xamar Gale, known in full as Gerad Hassan Gerad Abdullahi Dhidhin ( ar, حسن جراد عبد الله) (b.1311–1328), was a Somali ruler. He was the second Sultan of the Warsangali Sultanate. Overview Garad Hamar Gale w ...

second Sultan of the Warsangali Sultanate *

Mohamoud Ali Shire Sultan Mohamoud Ali Shire, MBE ( so, Maxamuud Cali Shire, ar, محمود علي شري) was a Somali elder of the Warsangali clan. He bore the title Sultan * (also referred to as Senior Akil) of the Warsangali. He was centered at Las Khorey. Re ...

(1897–1960), one the Warsangeli Sultanate chiefs *

Ugas Yasin Ugas Abdurahman Ugas Yasin Ugas Abdurahman was a Somali ruler. He was the 28th Chieftain (''UGAAS'') of the Dishiishe chieftainship, (''UGAASTOOYO'') who also was the nominal ugas of the Harti clan of Darod groups, reigning from 1940 to 2000. Ugas was a former ...

, Ugas of Dishiishe sultanate of Bosaso *

Yusuf Ali Kenadid Yusuf Ali Kenadid ( so, Yuusuf Cali Keenadiid; 1837 - 14 August 1911) was a Somali Sultan. He was the founder of the Sultanate of Hobyo in April 1878. He was succeeded atop the throne by his son Ali Yusuf Kenadid. Family Yusuf Ali Kenadid was bo ...

, founder of the Sultanate of Hobyo *

, King of the Majeerteen Sultanate (mid-1800s – early 1900s) * Abdulkadir Isse Ahmed Salah, Sultan of the Ugaar Saleebaan of Majeerteen

Politicians

Ismaaciil, son of darawiish peace-time prime minister xaashi suni fooyaan

Aadan Carab, reporter of the Dhulbahante genocide at the hands of European colonialists in the Darawiish era

The scout of Darawiish head of intelligence, Serar Shawe

* Bashe Mohamed Farah, Speaker of Somaliland House of Representative. * Ibraahim Guure, Khatumo lawmaker *

Ali Jangali Ali Jangali ( so, Cali Axmed Jamaac, ar, علي أحمد جامع) is a Somali politician. Personal life Jama belongs to the Dhulbahante subclan of the Darod. Career Between 2004 and 2012, Jama held various positions in # # Transitional Fe ...

Somalia's minister of foreign affairs * Ahmed Gacmayare, former Information Minister for

Khaatumo State Khatumo State ( so, Khaatumo; ar, ولاية خاتمة, translit=wilāyat khātimah), officially the Khatumo State of Somalia ( so, Dowlad Goboleedka Khaatumo ee Soomaaliya), was a successor to the SSC Movement. Centred on the Sool, Sanaag reg ...

, Veteran Politician, Former Minister of Planning and In't Cooperations of Somalia. Former Minister of Postal cooperation of Somalia. Diplomat, Head of numerous UN organizations and professor. * Abdullahi Bile Noor, longest served Somali MP, State-Minister of Education and Higher learning of Somalia Government *

Faisal Hassan Faisal Ahmed Hassan is a Canadian politician, who was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 2018 until his defeat in the 2022 Ontario general election. He represented the riding of York South—Weston as a member of the Ontario ...

, Canadian politician * Ali Abdi Aware, former Puntland State Minister of the Presidency for International relations and Social Affairs. *

Asha Gelle Dirie Asha Gelle Dirie ( so, Caasha Geelle Diriye, ar, آشا جيلي ديري) is a Somali politician and civil society activist. From 2005 to 2012, she served as the Minister of Women Development and Family Affairs of the autonomous Puntland region ...

, former Minister of Women Development and Family Affairs of Puntland; founder and executive director of TAG Foundation *

Ayaan Hirsi Ali Ayaan Hirsi Ali (; ; Somali: ''Ayaan Xirsi Cali'':'' Ayān Ḥirsī 'Alī;'' born Ayaan Hirsi Magan, ar, أيان حرسي علي / ALA-LC: ''Ayān Ḥirsī 'Alī'' 13 November 1969) is a Somali-born Dutch-American activist and former politicia ...

, the first Somali-born member of parliament of a European country, author and political activist 9*

Farah Ali Jama Farah Ali Jama ( so, Faarax Cali Jaamac, ar, فرح علي جامع) is a Somali economist and politician. From January 2009 to January 2014, he served as the Minister of Finance of Puntland. Personal life Jama hails from the autonomous Puntland ...

, former Minister of Finance of Puntland *

Haji Bashir Ismail Yusuf Haji Bashir Ismail Yusuf ( so, Xaaji Bashiir Ismaaciil Yuusuf, ar, حاجي بشير اسماعيل يوسف) (b. 1912 in Hobyo, Somalia – d. 1984 in Cairo, Egypt), commonly referred to as Haji Bashir,SAMIULLAH, MUHAMMAD. DEVELOPMENT OF CREATI ...

, first President of Somali National Assembly; Minister of Health and Labor of Somalia (1966–67) * Barkhad Ali Salah, First Mayor For Bosaso. * Hassan Abshir Farah, former Mogadishu mayor, Somalia ambassador to Japan and later to Germany, interior minister of Puntland *

Hassan Ali Mire Dr. Hassan Ali Mire ( so, Xasan Cali Mirreh; ar, حسن علي مير), also known as Hasaan ‘Ali Mirreh, was a Somali politician. During the early 1970s, he briefly served as the first Minister of Education of the Somali Democratic Republic. ...

, first Minister of Education of the Somali Democratic Republic; former Chairman of the Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF). * Hirsi Magan Isse, scholar and revolutionary leader with the Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF). * Ilhan Omar, a Somali-American politician, currently a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives representing the 60B district. On November 6, 2018, Omar was elected to the United States House of Representatives for Minnesota's 5th congressional district. She was the first Somali member of congress and the second female Muslim to be elected (the first is

Rashida Tlaib Rashida Harbi Tlaib (, ; born July 24, 1976) is an American politician and lawyer serving as the U.S. representative for since 2019. The district includes the western half of Detroit, along with several of its western suburbs and much of the ...

who will represent Michigan's 13th congressional district) She will be officially sworn into office on January 3, 2019. *

Jama Ali Jama Jama Ali Jama ( so, Jaamac Cali Jaamac, ar, جامع علي جامع) is a Somali politician. He was the President of Puntland from November 14, 2001, to May 8, 2002. Early life Jama was born to a family from the Osman Mahmoud sub-clan of the ...

, Colonel in the Somali military and former President of Puntland * Mire Hagi Farah Mohamed, Somali Finance Minister 2004–2006, and former mayor of Kismayo * Mohamed Abdi Aware, Puntland judge and member of Supreme Judicial Council. *

Mohammed Said Hersi Morgan Major General Mohammed Said Hersi Morgan ( so, Maxamed Siciid Xirsi Moorgan, ar, محمد سعيد حيرسي مورغان), also known as General Morgan or Colonel Morgan, is a Somali military and faction leader. He was the son-in-law of Siad B ...

, son-in-law of Siad Barre and minister of defense of Somalia *

, Puntland Minister of Ports, Maritime Transport, Marine Resources and Counterpiracy. Founder of Puntland Maritime Crimes Agency. * Saida Haji Bashir Ismail, former Somali Finance Vice-Minister in the TNG (2000–2004) *

Yasin Haji Osman Sharmarke Yasin Haji Osman Sharmarke ( so, Yaasiin Haaji 'Ismaan Shirmarke, ar, ياسين الحاج عثمان شارماركي) was a Somali political figure and activist. History He was the leader and founder of the Somali Youth League (SYL), So ...

, leader and co-founder of the Somali Youth League * Yusuf Mohamed Ismail, former Ambassador of Somalia to the United Nations Human Rights Office in Geneva * Yusuf Osman Samatar, politician

Notes

References

* {{Somali clans Darod Somali clans Somali clans in Ethiopia