Hans Adolf Julius von Bülow was a
General of the Artillery General of the Artillery is/was a general officer of artillery, and may be:
*General of the Artillery (Germany) and Austria-Hungary
*General of the Artillery (Imperial Russia)
*General of the Artillery (Poland)
*Feldzeugmeister (OF-8) of the Austria ...
in the
Imperial German Army
The Imperial German Army (1871–1919), officially referred to as the German Army (german: Deutsches Heer), was the unified ground and air force of the German Empire. It was established in 1871 with the political unification of Germany under the l ...
. He was the Inspector-General of Artillery from 1879 to 1882. He retired when he had conflicts with
Georg von Kameke
Arnold Karl Georg von Kameke (14 April 1817, in Pasewalk – 12 October 1893, in Berlin) was a Prussian General of the Infantry and Minister of War.
Life
Arnold Karl Georg von Kameke was a son of Prussian army officer Georg Christian Friedric ...
, the
Minister of War
A defence minister or minister of defence is a cabinet official position in charge of a ministry of defense, which regulates the armed forces in sovereign states. The role of a defence minister varies considerably from country to country; in som ...
.
Biography
Hans von Bülow was born in the
Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia (german: Königreich Preußen, ) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918.Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire''. Re ...
as first-born of his father, Werner Ludwig von Bülow. He had one younger sister, and one younger brother. After serving as cadet he became a second lieutenant on 5 August 1833. During the time of peace, Bülow increased his knowledge and his skills as he rose the ranks. He was promoted to First Lieutenant in 1844, Hauptmann in 1851 and Major in 1858. In 1859, he became commander of the fortress battalion of the 6th Artillery Regiment. In 1861, he became Oberstleutnant and in 1864, he got command of the 7th Field Artillery Regiment. On 18 June 1865, Bülow was promoted to
Oberst
''Oberst'' () is a senior field officer rank in several German-speaking and Scandinavian countries, equivalent to colonel. It is currently used by both the ground and air forces of Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Denmark, and Norway. The Swedish ...
.
He participated in the
Austro-Prussian War
The Austro-Prussian War, also by many variant names such as Seven Weeks' War, German Civil War, Brothers War or Fraternal War, known in Germany as ("German War"), (; "German war of brothers") and by a variety of other names, was fought in 186 ...
at the head of his regiment, which was part of the
Army of the Elbe
The Army of the Elbe was a Prussian formation during the Austro-Prussian War. Being a wartime organization of the Prussian Army; it afterwards was demobilized.
Creation
Helmuth von Moltke the Elder created the Army of the Elbe for the Austro ...
. Bülow had learned from Zivar that Eisenach had been re-seated during the night, but only by 2 battalions. Under these circumstances he thought he could deviate from the order he had received to return to the camp and instead advanced with his brigade as far as Lupnik and Stochausen close to Eises. At the same time, 1 battalion, 1 pioneer detachment, 1 squadron, 2 cannons, the former on wagons, were sent to Mechterstadt to destroy the railway and to prevent any movement from Gotha. Bülow saw action in the
Battle of Münchengrätz. During the
Battle of Königgrätz
The Battle of Königgrätz (or Sadowa) was the decisive battle of the Austro-Prussian War in which the Kingdom of Prussia defeated the Austrian Empire. It took place on 3 July 1866, near the Bohemian city of Hradec Králové (German: Königgrä ...
he brought the corps artillery, two regiments, to the battlefield around 12:30. However they were too far to the rear to be used effectively. This kept
Karl Eberhard Herwarth von Bittenfeld
Karl Eberhard Herwarth von Bittenfeld (4 September 1796 – 2 September 1884) was a Prussian field marshal (German: ''Generalfeldmarschall'').
Biography
Herwarth von Bittenfeld was born in Werther, Thuringia, into an aristocratic family which h ...
from ordering a major attack against the Austrians. For his services he was awarded 3rd class of
Order of the Crown on 20 September 1866.
Bülow was promoted to
Generalmajor
is the Germanic variant of major general, used in a number of Central and Northern European countries.
Austria
Belgium
Denmark
is the second lowest general officer rank in the Royal Danish Army and Royal Danish Air Force. As a two-star ...
on 18 June 1869.
In 1869, Bülow became a Knight of Honour of the
Order of Saint John
The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem ( la, Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), was a medieval and early modern Catholic military order. It was headq ...
.
Bülow took part in the
Franco-Prussian War, during which he played a more important role. He became commander of the
III Corps's Reserve Artillery. He participated in
Battle of Mars-la-Tour
The Battle of Mars-la-Tour (also known as the Battle of Vionville or Battle of Rezonville) was fought on 16 August 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War, near the village of Mars-La-Tour in northeast France. One Prussian corps, reinforced by t ...
, and was awarded with both classes of the
Iron Cross
The Iron Cross (german: link=no, Eisernes Kreuz, , abbreviated EK) was a military decoration in the Kingdom of Prussia, and later in the German Empire (1871–1918) and Nazi Germany (1933–1945). King Frederick William III of Prussia est ...
.
Afterwards, on 21 September 1871, von Bülow became commander of 1st Guards Field Artillery Brigade. At the same day, Bülow ordered both field batteries and horse artillery to trot forward to
Vernéville, to reinforce
IX Corps 9 Corps, 9th Corps, Ninth Corps, or IX Corps may refer to:
France
* 9th Army Corps (France)
* IX Corps (Grande Armée), a unit of the Imperial French Army during the Napoleonic Wars
Germany
* IX Corps (German Empire), a unit of the Imperial Germ ...
. He distinguished himself by the new usage of artillery during the Franco-Prussian War. Bülow knew how to keep in perfect fighting condition without suffering great losses. During the
Second Battle of Orléans, his insightful leadership succeeded in driving the enemy. For his wartime services he received the prestigious
Pour le Mérite
The ' (; , ) is an order of merit (german: Verdienstorden) established in 1740 by Frederick the Great, King Frederick II of Prussia. The was awarded as both a military and civil honour and ranked, along with the Order of the Black Eagle, the Or ...
on 2 December 1872.
He was promoted to
Generalleutnant
is the Germanic variant of lieutenant general, used in some German speaking countries.
Austria
Generalleutnant is the second highest general officer rank in the Austrian Armed Forces (''Bundesheer''), roughly equivalent to the NATO rank of O ...
in September 1873. As a Generalleutnant, Bülow was awarded the
Order of the Iron Crown
The Order of the Iron Crown ( it, link=no, Ordine della Corona Ferrea) was an order of merit that was established on 5 June 1805 in the Kingdom of Italy by Napoleon Bonaparte under his title of Napoleon I, King of Italy.
The order took its name ...
(first class), the
Order of the Red Eagle
The Order of the Red Eagle (german: Roter Adlerorden) was an order of chivalry of the Kingdom of Prussia. It was awarded to both military personnel and civilians, to recognize valor in combat, excellence in military leadership, long and faithful se ...
(second class), and the Grand Cross of the
Albert Order
The Albert Order (german: link=no, Albrechts-Orden or Albrechtsorden) was created on 31 December 1850 by King Frederick Augustus II of Saxony to commemorate Albert III, Duke of Saxony (known as Albert the Bold). It was to be awarded to anyone w ...
. After the death of
Eugen Anton Theophil von Podbielski
Eugen Anton Theophil von Podbielski (17 October 1814 – 31 October 1879) was a general in the Prussian Army. He was born in Köpenick and originally was a cavalry officer. Podbielski served as Quartermaster-General of the German General St ...
, Bülow proceeded him as Inspector General of Artillery. However, he had conflicts with Prussian Minister of War
Georg von Kameke
Arnold Karl Georg von Kameke (14 April 1817, in Pasewalk – 12 October 1893, in Berlin) was a Prussian General of the Infantry and Minister of War.
Life
Arnold Karl Georg von Kameke was a son of Prussian army officer Georg Christian Friedric ...
and retired on 12 December 1882 with the
character
Character or Characters may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Literature
* ''Character'' (novel), a 1936 Dutch novel by Ferdinand Bordewijk
* ''Characters'' (Theophrastus), a classical Greek set of character sketches attributed to The ...
of a
General of the Infantry General of the Infantry is a military rank of a General officer in the infantry and refers to:
* General of the Infantry (Austria)
* General of the Infantry (Bulgaria)
* General of the Infantry (Germany) ('), a rank of a general in the German Impe ...
. He resided at Berlin after his retirement.
On the 25th anniversary of Mars-la-Tour, Kaiser
Wilhelm II
Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert; 27 January 18594 June 1941) was the last German Emperor (german: Kaiser) and King of Prussia, reigning from 15 June 1888 until his abdication on 9 November 1918. Despite strengthening the German Empir ...
awarded him the rank of General der Artillerie. He died on 9 December 1897 in Berlin.
Honours
Prussian Orders
*
Order of the Red Eagle
The Order of the Red Eagle (german: Roter Adlerorden) was an order of chivalry of the Kingdom of Prussia. It was awarded to both military personnel and civilians, to recognize valor in combat, excellence in military leadership, long and faithful se ...
2nd Class
*
Order of the Crown 3rd Class
*
Pour le Mérite
The ' (; , ) is an order of merit (german: Verdienstorden) established in 1740 by Frederick the Great, King Frederick II of Prussia. The was awarded as both a military and civil honour and ranked, along with the Order of the Black Eagle, the Or ...
(military), ''2 December 1872
''
* 1870
Iron Cross
The Iron Cross (german: link=no, Eisernes Kreuz, , abbreviated EK) was a military decoration in the Kingdom of Prussia, and later in the German Empire (1871–1918) and Nazi Germany (1933–1945). King Frederick William III of Prussia est ...
1st & 2nd Class
*
Order of Saint John
The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem ( la, Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), was a medieval and early modern Catholic military order. It was headq ...
, ''1869''
*Service Award Cross
Other German States
* Grand Cross of
Albert Order
The Albert Order (german: link=no, Albrechts-Orden or Albrechtsorden) was created on 31 December 1850 by King Frederick Augustus II of Saxony to commemorate Albert III, Duke of Saxony (known as Albert the Bold). It was to be awarded to anyone w ...
Foreign Orders
*
Order of the Iron Crown
The Order of the Iron Crown ( it, link=no, Ordine della Corona Ferrea) was an order of merit that was established on 5 June 1805 in the Kingdom of Italy by Napoleon Bonaparte under his title of Napoleon I, King of Italy.
The order took its name ...
1st Class
References
Literature
* Magnus von Eberhardt: Hans von Bülow. In: ''Pomeranian Life Pictures''. Volume II, Saunier, Stettin 1936, pp. 144–159.
* Kurt von Priesdorff: ''
Soldatisches Führertum
''Soldatisches Führertum'' (''Soldiers' Leadership'') was a ten-volume reference work in German, containing short biographies of generals in the Prussian Army by Kurt von Priesdorff. Due to the loss of the Prussian Army Archives in World War II, ...
''. Volume 8, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated
amburg undated
941 pp. 103–105, no. 2501.
*
*
*
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bulow, Hans von
1816 births
1897 deaths
People from the Province of Prussia
German untitled nobility
Prussian people of the Austro-Prussian War
German military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War
Generals of Infantry (Prussia)
Generals of Artillery (Prussia)
Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (military class)
Recipients of the Iron Cross (1870), 1st class
Recipients of the Iron Cross (1870), 2nd class