Habergham Eaves is a
civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authorit ...
in the borough of
Burnley
Burnley () is a town and the administrative centre of the wider Borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a 2001 population of 73,021. It is north of Manchester and east of Preston, Lancashire, Preston, at the confluence of the River C ...
, in
Lancashire
Lancashire ( , ; abbreviated Lancs) is the name of a historic county, ceremonial county, and non-metropolitan county in North West England. The boundaries of these three areas differ significantly.
The non-metropolitan county of Lancash ...
, England. The parish consists of a
rural
In general, a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry typically are descri ...
area south of
Burnley
Burnley () is a town and the administrative centre of the wider Borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a 2001 population of 73,021. It is north of Manchester and east of Preston, Lancashire, Preston, at the confluence of the River C ...
, and
suburban areas on the outskirts of the town, including a large
industrial estate
An industrial park (also known as industrial estate, trading estate) is an area zoned and planned for the purpose of industrial development. An industrial park can be thought of as a more "heavyweight" version of a business park or office park ...
in the north-west corner of the parish. Habergham is also the name of an area west of Burnley, although it is no longer within the parish. According to the
United Kingdom Census 2011
A census of the population of the United Kingdom is taken every ten years. The 2011 census was held in all countries of the UK on 27 March 2011. It was the first UK census which could be completed online via the Internet. The Office for National ...
, the parish has a population of 1,466.
[
The A646 Padiham to Todmorden road runs approximately along the northern boundary of the parish. Surrounding areas include the ]unparished area
In England, an unparished area is an area that is not covered by a civil parish (the lowest level of local government, not to be confused with an ecclesiastical parish). Most urbanised districts of England are either entirely or partly unpa ...
s of Burnley
Burnley () is a town and the administrative centre of the wider Borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a 2001 population of 73,021. It is north of Manchester and east of Preston, Lancashire, Preston, at the confluence of the River C ...
and Rossendale, and the parishes of Hapton, Dunnockshaw and Cliviger
Cliviger is a civil parish in the Borough of Burnley, in Lancashire, England. It is situated to the southeast of Burnley, and northwest of Todmorden. According to the 2011 census, the parish has a population of 2,238.
Although the whole parish ...
.
History
Early forms of the name include "Habringham", with the third and second elements probably from the Old English
Old English (, ), or Anglo-Saxon, is the earliest recorded form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages. It was brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the mid-5th c ...
words , meaning home and in this sense meaning "of the". Its first is less certain, possibly with meaning high hill or mountain—perhaps the origin of Horelaw, the name of the hill on which the parish is situated—or alternatively a personal name. The addition Eaves OE could mean "edge of a hill". There is also part of the parish called Oaken Eaves.
Habergham Eaves township
A township is a kind of human settlement or administrative subdivision, with its meaning varying in different countries.
Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, that tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, C ...
historically extended further to the north from Gawthorpe Hall
Gawthorpe Hall is an Elizabethan country house on the banks of the River Calder, in Ightenhill, a civil parish in the Borough of Burnley, Lancashire, England. Its estate extends into Padiham, with the Stockbridge Drive entrance situated ther ...
in the west to Towneley Hall
Towneley Park is owned and managed by Burnley Borough Council and is the largest and most popular park in Burnley, Lancashire, England. The main entrance to the park is within a mile of the town centre and the park extends to the south east, cov ...
in the east, the River Calder generally separating it from the neighbouring townships.
Now located in an isolated position in Cross Field near the former Bull and Butcher Inn is the base of a cross, thought to be a butter cross
A buttercross, also known as butter cross or butter market, is a type of market cross associated with English market towns and dating from medieval times. Its name originates from the fact that they were located at the market place, where peop ...
possibly of late medieval
The Late Middle Ages or Late Medieval Period was the period of European history lasting from AD 1300 to 1500. The Late Middle Ages followed the High Middle Ages and preceded the onset of the early modern period (and in much of Europe, the Renai ...
origin.[
Considered part of the ]Burnley Coalfield
The Burnley Coalfield is the most northerly portion of the Lancashire Coalfield. Surrounding Burnley, Nelson, Blackburn and Accrington, it is separated from the larger southern part by an area of Millstone Grit that forms the Rossendale anticli ...
, coal may have been mined here from the mid 15th century, but certainly by early 1500s. After Richard Towneley
Richard Towneley (10 October 1629 – 22 January 1707) was an English mathematician, natural philosopher and astronomer, resident at Towneley Hall, near Burnley in Lancashire. His uncle was the antiquarian and mathematician Christopher Townele ...
obtained a lease from the Crown to mine at Broadhead, he launched a legal action in the Duchy Court, complaining that on 7 May 1526 a group of about eighty of the king's tenants had entered the "coal beds" here to obtain coal for themselves. This group included Hugh Habergham and another Richard Towneley from the branch of the family at Royle Hall. The tenants claimed the right to "sufficient coal for their fuel, for their necessary occupation and burning within their houses". One witness said that around 1450 two men who had a smithy in Bentley Wood searched for iron at Broadhead and found coal and began mining it. With the son of one of them later setting-up a windlass.[
The Towneleys where involved in another legal battle over land rights here in 1568. Local farmers alleged that half a century before Sir John Towneley had used forged documentation to create an enclosed area that had become known as Horelaw Pasture. A Duchy Special Commission subsequently found this to have been an encroachment and confiscated the approximately area, situated directly south of another enclosure called Hollin Hey. However shortly after ]James I James I may refer to:
People
*James I of Aragon (1208–1276)
*James I of Sicily or James II of Aragon (1267–1327)
*James I, Count of La Marche (1319–1362), Count of Ponthieu
*James I, Count of Urgell (1321–1347)
*James I of Cyprus (1334–13 ...
came to the English throne, the land was granted to the 1st Earl of Devonshire, and before 1612 another Richard Towneley, the great-grandson of Sir John, was able to reacquire it. This made Sir John so unpopular with the local people a tradition arose that his ghost wanders the hills calling "Be warned! Lay out! Be warned! Lay out! Around Horelaw and Hollin Hey Clough".[
Crown Point Road was built as part of the first attempt by a ]Turnpike Trust
Turnpike trusts were bodies set up by individual acts of Parliament, with powers to collect road tolls for maintaining the principal roads in Britain from the 17th but especially during the 18th and 19th centuries. At the peak, in the 1830s, ...
to improve the journey between Burnley and Rochdale
Rochdale ( ) is a large town in Greater Manchester, England, at the foothills of the South Pennines in the dale on the River Roch, northwest of Oldham and northeast of Manchester. It is the administrative centre of the Metropolitan Borough ...
following an Act in 1754-55. From Bacup
Bacup ( , ) is a town in the Rossendale Borough in Lancashire, England, in the South Pennines close to Lancashire's boundaries with West Yorkshire and Greater Manchester. The town is in the Rossendale Valley and the upper Irwell Valley, east of ...
it connected to the existing roads at the junction of Cog Lane and what is now Rossendale Road. The Burnley and Edenfield Trust built the A682—formerly the A56—Manchester Road soon after 1795, crossing the other at the former Bull and Butcher Inn where a toll bar was situated. In 1817 the Rochdale and Burnley Trust commenced work on what is now the A671
The A671 is a road in the North West of England, that runs between Oldham, Greater Manchester and Worston, near Clitheroe, Lancashire. Major towns on the route include Rochdale and Burnley. The road is approximately long. Between Burnley and t ...
Bacup/Todmorden Road, which forms part of the modern parish boundary (along with a branch through Cliviger
Cliviger is a civil parish in the Borough of Burnley, in Lancashire, England. It is situated to the southeast of Burnley, and northwest of Todmorden. According to the 2011 census, the parish has a population of 2,238.
Although the whole parish ...
to Todmorden
Todmorden ( ; ) is a market town and civil parish in the Upper Calder Valley in Calderdale, West Yorkshire, England. It is north-east of Manchester, south-east of Burnley and west of Halifax. In 2011 it had a population of 15,481.
Todm ...
). This was connected to Crown Point Road at Windy Bank in Cliviger, before continuing to Burnley at Turf Moor
Turf Moor is an association football stadium in Burnley, Lancashire, England, which has been the home of Burnley F.C. since 1883. This unbroken service makes Turf Moor the second-longest continuously used ground in English professional footba ...
, greatly reducing the older road's importance.
In 1861 the Borough of Burnley
The Borough of Burnley () is a local government district with the borough status in Lancashire, England. It has an area of and a population of (), and is named after its largest town, Burnley. Other notable settlements include Padiham, Ha ...
was formed, and in 1894 a large part of the township, with a population of over 40,000 and including Rose Grove, Burnley Wood, Gannow and Habergham, was transferred to the County Borough of Burnley, and taken out of the control of the newly established Lancashire County Council. The remainder, with the exception of a small area transferred to Ightenhill
Ightenhill is a civil parish in the Borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of 1,975.
Since its creation as Ightenhill Park in 1866 the parish has seen a number of boundary changes. The modern civil parish includes Gawth ...
, became the civil parish of Habergham Eaves.[
In April 1941, during ]World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
a Starfish site bombing decoy was constructed off Crown Point Road, part of a network designed to protect Accrington. On 6 May 1941, a string of eight bombs straddled houses around Rossendale Avenue on the southern edge of Burnley, causing only minor damage. On the night of 12 October the Starfish site was targeted by the Luftwaffe
The ''Luftwaffe'' () was the aerial-warfare branch of the German ''Wehrmacht'' before and during World War II. Germany's military air arms during World War I, the ''Luftstreitkräfte'' of the Imperial Army and the '' Marine-Fliegerabtei ...
and the control shelter suffered a direct hit. Aircraftsman
Aircraftman (AC) or aircraftwoman (ACW) is the lowest rank in the British Royal Air Force (RAF) and the air forces of several other Commonwealth countries. In RAF slang, aircraftmen are sometimes called "erks".
Aircraftman ranks below leading ai ...
L R Harwood was killed whilst Sergeant D A Murphy, Aircraftsman D R Fryatt, Aircraftsman J Owen, and Aircraftsman E A Jones were all injured as a result of enemy action. By the end of the year the sites were upgraded to incorporate Quick Light (QL) decoys, and they continued to operate until spring 1943, and the site was subsequently cleared.[
]
Habergham Hall
Although most of the land in the township was held by copyhold
Copyhold was a form of customary land ownership common from the Late Middle Ages into modern times in England. The name for this type of land tenure is derived from the act of giving a copy of the relevant title deed that is recorded in the ma ...
of the manor of Ightenhill
Ightenhill is a civil parish in the Borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of 1,975.
Since its creation as Ightenhill Park in 1866 the parish has seen a number of boundary changes. The modern civil parish includes Gawth ...
, a freehold
Freehold may refer to:
In real estate
*Freehold (law), the tenure of property in fee simple
* Customary freehold, a form of feudal tenure of land in England
* Parson's freehold, where a Church of England rector or vicar of holds title to benefice ...
estate, sometimes described as a manor, called Habergham existed here. The ancient Habergham Hall, of which there are now no remains, stood near the western side of the township, overlooking Habergham Clough, the boundary with Hapton. A family was already using the surname when the lord of Clitheroe
Clitheroe () is a town and civil parish in the Borough of Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England; it is located north-west of Manchester. It is near the Forest of Bowland and is often used as a base for tourists visiting the area. In 2018, the Cl ...
, Roger de Lacy
Roger de Lacy (died after 1106) was an Anglo-Norman nobleman, a Marcher Lord on the Welsh border. Roger was a castle builder, particularly at Ludlow Castle.
Lands and titles
From Walter de Lacy (died 1085) he inherited Castle Frome, Herefor ...
, who died in 1211, gave an oxgang
An oxgang or bovate ( ang, oxangang; da, oxgang; gd, damh-imir; lat-med, bovāta) is an old land measurement formerly used in Scotland and England as early as the 16th century sometimes referred to as an oxgait. It averaged around 20 English a ...
of land here to Matthew de Habergham and his heirs. The estate descended in 1615 to John Habergham, then aged sixteen. After the English Civil War
The English Civil War (1642–1651) was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Parliamentarians (" Roundheads") and Royalists led by Charles I ("Cavaliers"), mainly over the manner of England's governance and issues of re ...
his descendants sold the estate in parts, George Halsted becoming the owner of the hall in 1689 as the result of the foreclosure of a mortgage. The present Habergham Hall farmhouse was built on the site in 1754, and later came into the possession of the branch of the Halstead family at Rowley Hall in Worsthorne-with-Hurstwood, who sold it in the mid 1800s.[
]
Governance
Habergham Eaves was once a township
A township is a kind of human settlement or administrative subdivision, with its meaning varying in different countries.
Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, that tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, C ...
in the ancient parish of Whalley. This became a civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authorit ...
in 1866, forming part of the Burnley Rural District from 1894.[ Since 1974 Habergham Eaves has formed part of the ]Borough of Burnley
The Borough of Burnley () is a local government district with the borough status in Lancashire, England. It has an area of and a population of (), and is named after its largest town, Burnley. Other notable settlements include Padiham, Ha ...
. A boundary change which took effect at the start of 1983, transferred a small part of parish lying west of Limey Lane into Dunnockshaw.
Along with Dunnockshaw and a small part of Burnley, the parish forms the Coalclough with Deerplay ward
Ward may refer to:
Division or unit
* Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward
* Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a pris ...
of the borough council. The ward elects three councillors, currently Gordon Birtwistle
Gordon Birtwistle (born 6 September 1943) is a British Liberal Democrat politician and former MP. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Burnley, England, from May 2010 to May 2015. He was Parliamentary Private Secretary to D ...
and Howard Baker of the Liberal Democrats, and Bill Brindle ( Labour). The parish is represented on Lancashire County Council as part of the Padiham & Burnley West division
Division or divider may refer to:
Mathematics
*Division (mathematics), the inverse of multiplication
*Division algorithm, a method for computing the result of mathematical division
Military
*Division (military), a formation typically consisting ...
, represented since 2017
File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a s ...
by Alan Hosker (Conservative
Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy that seeks to promote and to preserve traditional institutions, practices, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civilization in ...
).
The Member of Parliament for Burnley
Burnley () is a town and the administrative centre of the wider Borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a 2001 population of 73,021. It is north of Manchester and east of Preston, Lancashire, Preston, at the confluence of the River C ...
, the constituency into which the parish falls, is Antony Higginbotham
Antony Higginbotham (born 16 December 1989) is a British Conservative politician who was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Burnley in the 2019 general election.
Early life
Higginbotham was born in Haslingden, Rossendale, Lancash ...
(Conservative), who was first elected in 2019
File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
.
Demography
According to the United Kingdom Census 2011
A census of the population of the United Kingdom is taken every ten years. The 2011 census was held in all countries of the UK on 27 March 2011. It was the first UK census which could be completed online via the Internet. The Office for National ...
, the parish has a population of 1,466, a decrease from 1,581 in the 2001 census. This represents a decline of over ten years. The parish has an area of , giving a population density of .[
] The developed parts of the parish were included in the Burnley Built-up area, defined in the 2011 census which had a population of 149,422.
In 2011 the average (mean
There are several kinds of mean in mathematics, especially in statistics. Each mean serves to summarize a given group of data, often to better understand the overall value (magnitude and sign) of a given data set.
For a data set, the '' ari ...
) age of residents was 43.4 years, with a roughly even distribution between males and females. The racial composition was 98.4% White (96.6% White British), 1.2% Asian, 0.1% Black and 0.3% Mixed. The largest religious groups were Christian (79.1%), Hindu (0.5%) and Muslim (0.3%). 69.4% of adults between the ages of 16 and 74 were classed as economically active and in work.[
]
Media gallery
Image:Burnley Golf Club - geograph.org.uk - 694325.jpg, Burnley Golf Club
Image:Crown Point Road - geograph.org.uk - 694329.jpg, view from Crown Point Road
Image:The Bull, Manchester Road - geograph.org.uk - 1526553.jpg, The Bull on Manchester Road
Image:Rossendale Avenue - geograph.org.uk - 1611588.jpg, Burnley's suburbs have continued to encroach
Image:Crown Point House - geograph.org.uk - 124146.jpg, Crown Point House
See also
* Listed buildings in Habergham Eaves
* St Matthew's Church, Habergham Eaves
References
External links
Map of Habergham Eaves parish boundary Today - Lancashire County Council
Map of Habergham Eaves parish boundary circa 1850
Habergham Eaves Township - British History Online
{{Borough of Burnley
Civil parishes in Lancashire
Geography of Burnley