This is a list of notable

high-voltage direct-current A high-voltage direct current (HVDC) electric power transmission system (also called a power superhighway or an electrical superhighway) uses direct current (DC) for electric power transmission, in contrast with the more common alternating curren ...

power transmission projects. HVDC projects for long-distance transmission have two (or rarely, more) converter stations and a transmission line interconnecting them. Generally overhead lines are used for interconnection, but an important class of HVDC projects use

submarine power cable A submarine power cable is a transmission cable for carrying electric power below the surface of the water.Thury system of motor-generators but these have all been made obsolete by later developments such as mercury-arc valves (now also obsolete), thyristors, and

IGBT An insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used as an electronic switch, which, as it was developed, came to combine high efficiency and fast switching. It consists of four alternating lay ...

power transistors.

Legend

Line type: * Thury = Series-connected generators as designed by

René Thury René Thury (7 August 1860 – 23 April 1938) was a Swiss pioneer in electrical engineering. He was known for his work with high voltage direct current electricity transmission and was known in the professional world as the "King of DC." Bio ...

* Merc = Mercury-arc valve rectifier and inverter * Thyr = Thyristor rectifier and inverter * IGBT = Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors Line status:

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² As of 9 December 2015, LitPol Link started trial operations.
³ Caithness Moray HVDC serves a number of renewable energy sources in the north of Scotland - see map
⁴ Contracts due to be placed in 2016.
⁵ Elia says construction expected to start in late 2017. ⁶ Date is that quoted to support the Shetland Wind Farm that SSE is a part investor in.
⁷ Decision on project expected in 2017 following consultation - see SSE PD reference.

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# Shetland HVDC Connection # Caithness Moray HVDC #

Western Isles HVDC connection The Western Isles HVDC connection is a proposed 1.8GW HVDC submarine power cable to connect the Isle of Lewis to the Scottish mainland. The project promoter, Scottish and Southern Electricity Networks, identifies the link as "one of the ke ...

# NorthConnect # North Sea Link: Kvilldal, Norway – Blyth, UK #

Eastern HVDC Link Eastern may refer to: Transportation * China Eastern Airlines, a current Chinese airline based in Shanghai *Eastern Air, former name of Zambia Skyways *Eastern Air Lines, a defunct American airline that operated from 1926 to 1991 *Eastern Air L ...

# Moyle: Auchencrosh, UK – Ballycronan More, Northern Ireland, UK #

Western HVDC Link The Western HVDC Link is a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) undersea electrical link in the United Kingdom, between Hunterston in Western Scotland and Flintshire Bridge (Connah's Quay) in North Wales, routed to the west of the Isle of Man. It ...

East–West Interconnector The East–West Interconnector is a 500MW high-voltage direct current submarine and subsoil power cable which connects the Irish and British electricity markets. The project was developed by the Irish national grid operator EirGrid. Aim The ...

: Leinster, Ireland – Shotton, Wales, UK #

Celtic Interconnector The Celtic Interconnector is a planned 700 MW high-voltage direct current (HVDC) submarine power cable between the southern coast of Ireland and the north-west coast of France. If completed as planned, it will be the first such interconnector be ...

FAB Link FAB Link is a proposed HVDC Interconnector, spanning the between France and Great Britain, running close to the island of Alderney. As of March 2022, project planning has tentatively re-started after a five-year pause. Current project status ...

# IFA-2 # HVDC Cross-Channel: Les Mandarins, France –

Sellindge Sellindge is a civil parish and village on the A20 road between Ashford and Folkestone in Kent, South East England. Sellindge is part of North Downs West Ward of Folkestone and Hythe District Council but part of the Elham ward of Kent County ...

, UK # Nemo Link #

BritNed BritNed is a 1,000MW high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) submarine power cable between the Isle of Grain in Kent, the United Kingdom; and Maasvlakte in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. The BritNed interconnector would serve as a link for the foreseeabl ...

: UK – Netherlands #Aachen Liège Electricity Grid Overlay (ALEGrO) #

Viking Link Viking Link is a 1,400 MW HVDC submarine power cable under construction between the United Kingdom and Denmark. Current status Land cables and submarine cables are being installed since 2020 and expected to finish in 2023. As of August 2022 Den ...

HVDC DolWin1 HVDC DolWin1 is a high voltage direct current link built to transmit offshore wind power to the power grid of the German mainland. The project differs from most HVDC systems in that one of the two converter stations is built on a platform in the ...

HVDC DolWin2 HVDC DolWin2 is a high voltage direct current (HVDC) link to transmit offshore wind power to the power grid of the German mainland. The project differs from most HVDC systems in that one of the two converter stations is built on a platform in ...

HVDC DolWin3 HVDC DolWin3 is a high voltage direct current (HVDC) link to transmit Offshore wind power to the power grid of the German mainland. The project differs from most HVDC systems in that one of the two converter stations is built on a platform in ...

HVDC SylWin1 HVDC SylWin1 is a high voltage direct current (HVDC) link to transmit offshore wind power to the power grid of the German mainland. The project differs from most HVDC systems in that one of the two converter stations is built on a platform in th ...

HVDC HelWin1 HVDC HelWin1 is a high voltage direct current (HVDC) link built to transmit Offshore wind power to the power grid of the German mainland. The project differs from most HVDC systems in that one of the two converter stations is built on a platfo ...

HVDC HelWin2 The HelWin Beta platform topside. HVDC HelWin2 is a high voltage direct current (HVDC) link built to transmit offshore wind power to the power grid of the German mainland. The project differs from most HVDC systems in that one of the two conve ...

HVDC BorWin1 HVDC BorWin1 is the first HVDC facility in the world to be built for importing power from an offshore wind Offshore wind power or offshore wind energy is the generation of electricity through wind farms in bodies of water, usually at sea. ...

HVDC BorWin2 HVDC BorWin2 is a high voltage direct current (HVDC) link built to transmit offshore wind power to the power grid of the German mainland.Hussennether, V., Rittiger, J., Barth, A., Worthington, D., Dell’Anna, G., Rapetti, M., Hühnerbein, B., Sie ...

HVDC BorWin3 HVDC BorWin3 is a high voltage direct current (HVDC) link under construction to transmit offshore wind power to the power grid of the German mainland. The project differs from most HVDC systems in that one of the two converter stations is bui ...

# NorNed: Feda, Norway – Eemshaven, Netherlands #

NORD.LINK NordLink is a subsea 1,400 megawatt (MW) HVDC power cable between Norway and Germany, opened in May 2021. The over long cable operates at a voltage of 500 kV DC. The cable enables Deutsche Bahn to buy the full production from M� ...

: Germany – Norway # Skagerrak 1, 2, 3, and 4: Tjele, Denmark – Kristiansand, Norway # Konti-Skan 1 and 2: VesterHassing, Denmark – Stenkullen, Sweden # StoreBælt: Fyn, Denmark – Zealand, Denmark # Baltic Cable: Lübeck- Herrenwyk, Germany – Kruseberg, Sweden # Kontek: Bjæverskov, Denmark – Bentwisch, Germany #

SydVästlänken SydVästlänken ( en, South–West Link) is a project for reinforcement of power grids in Southern Sweden and Oslo area in Norway. The project to be implemented by Swedish and Norwegian national grids operators Svenska kraftnät and Statnett. A ...

SwePol SwePol is a -long monopolar high-voltage direct current (HVDC) submarine cable between the Stärnö peninsula near Karlshamn, Sweden, and Bruskowo Wielkie, near Słupsk, Poland. The link was inaugurated in 2000 and can transmit up to 600&nbs ...

: Stärnö, Sweden – Wierzbięcin (Słupsk), Poland #

LitPol Link LitPol Link is an electricity link between Poland and Lithuania which connects the Baltic transmission system to the synchronous grid of Continental Europe. It has a capacity of 500 MW and since 2021 it can operate in a synchronous regime. ...

# NordBalt #

HVDC Visby–Näs The HVDC Visby–Näs is a bipolar HVDC electric power transmission system between Visby and a wind power centre near Näs on Gotland, Sweden. The project went into service in 1999. The system operates at 80 kV with a maximum power of 50 megawatts ...

Gotland Gotland (, ; ''Gutland'' in Gutnish), also historically spelled Gottland or Gothland (), is Sweden's largest island. It is also a province, county, municipality, and diocese. The province includes the islands of Fårö and Gotska Sandön to the ...

: Västervik, Sweden – Ygne, Sweden # Fenno-Skan: Rauma, Finland – Dannebo, Sweden, Fenno-Skan 2 #ÅL-link # Estlink: Harku, Estonia – Espoo, Finland # Estlink 2 # Cometa:

Valencia, Spain Valencia ( va, València) is the capital of the autonomous community of Valencia and the third-most populated municipality in Spain, with 791,413 inhabitants. It is also the capital of the province of the same name. The wider urban area also ...

–

Mallorca Mallorca, or Majorca, is the largest island in the Balearic Islands, which are part of Spain and located in the Mediterranean. The capital of the island, Palma, is also the capital of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands. The Bal ...

, Spain # INELFE #

HVDC Italy–Corsica–Sardinia The HVDC Italy–Corsica–Sardinia (also called SACOI; Sardinia–Corsica–Italy) is an HVDC interconnection used for the exchange of electric energy between the Italian mainland, Corsica and Sardinia. It is unusual, having more than two conver ...

: "SACOI" – Codrongianos, Sardinia, Italy – Lucciana, Corsica, France – Suvereto, Italy (mainland) # SAPEI, Sardinia – Italian mainland # HVDC MON.ITA Project #

HVDC Italy-Greece A high-voltage direct current (HVDC) electric power transmission system (also called a power superhighway or an electrical superhighway) uses direct current (DC) for electric power transmission, in contrast with the more common alternating curren ...

: Arachthos, Greece – Galatina, Italy #

EuroAsia Interconnector The EuroAsia Interconnector is a HVDC interconnector between the Greek, Cypriot, and Israeli power grids via the world's longest submarine power cable ( from Israel to Cyprus and from Cyprus to Greece, for a total of ). Connecting Kofinou, Cypru ...

EuroAfrica Interconnector EuroAfrica Interconnector is a HVDC interconnector and submarine power cable between the Greek, Cypriot, and Egypt power grids.Greenlink Greenlink is a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) submarine power cable under construction between County Wexford in Ireland and Pembrokeshire in Wales. Project status As of May 2022, the project has reached financial close, and construction h ...

References

Sources

*{{cite book , title=HVDC and FACTS Controllers: Applications Of Static Converters In Power Systems , author=Vijay K. Sood , date=31 May 2004 , page=2 , publisher=Springer-Verlag , isbn=978-1-4020-7890-3

Legend

Africa

Australia and Oceania

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North America

South America

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Maps

Europe

See also

References

Sources