HMS Diamond (H22)

HMS ''Diamond'' was a D-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the early 1930s. The ship spent the bulk of her career on the China Station. She was briefly assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet in 1939 before she was transferred to West Africa for convoy escort duties. ''Diamond'' returned to the Mediterranean Fleet in early 1940 where she generally escorted convoys to and from Malta. The ship participated in the Battle of Cape Spartivento in November. ''Diamond'' was sunk by German aircraft on 27 April 1941 whilst evacuating Allied troops from Greece.

Description

''Diamond'' displaced at standard load and at deep load. The ship had an overall length of , a beam of and a draught of . She was powered by Parsons geared steam turbines, driving two shafts, which developed a total of and gave a maximum speed of . Steam for the turbines was provided by three Admiralty 3-drum boilers. ''Diamond'' carried a maximum of of fuel oil that gave her a range of at . The ship's complement was 145 officers and men.Whitley, p. 102.

The ship mounted four 45- calibre 4.7-inch Mark IX guns in single mounts. For anti-aircraft (AA) defence, ''Diamond'' had a single 12-pounder (3-inch (76.2 mm)) gun between her funnels and two QF 2-pounder Mark II guns mounted on the side of her bridge. She was fitted with two above-water quadruple torpedo tube mounts for 21-inch torpedoes. One depth charge rail and two throwers were fitted; 20 depth charges were originally carried, but this increased to 35 shortly after the war began.

Career

''Diamond'' was ordered on 2 February 1931 under the 1930 Naval Estimates, and was laid down at Vickers-Armstrong's yard at Barrow-in-Furness on 29 September 1931. She was launched on 8 April 1932 and completed on 3 November 1933, at a total cost of £223,509, excluding equipment supplied by the Admiralty, such as weapons, ammunition and wireless equipment. The ship was initially assigned to the 1st Destroyer Flotilla in the Mediterranean and made a brief deployment to the Persian Gulf and Red Sea in September–November 1933. ''Diamond'' was refitted at Devonport Dockyard between 3 September and 27 October 1934 for service on the China Station with the 8th (later the 21st) Destroyer Flotilla and arrived there in January 1935, where she remained for the next four years.

The ship began a refit at Singapore on 7 August 1939 and she was transferred to the Mediterranean Fleet after it was completed in November. ''Diamond'' arrived at Malta on 19 December, but she was transferred to the South Atlantic Station the following month. She departed Malta on 8 January 1940, bound for Freetown where she joined the 20th Destroyer Division for escort duties. In April the ship returned to the Mediterranean where ''Diamond'' was assigned to the newly formed 10th Destroyer Flotilla after a short refit at Malta.

She was slightly damaged by air attacks on 11 and 17 June near Malta after the Italians declared war on the Allies on 10 June.English, p. 59. Together with her sisters , , the Australian destroyer , and the light cruisers and , she escorted Convoy AN.2 from Egypt to various ports in the Aegean Sea in late July. ''Diamond'' bombarded the Italian seaplane base at Bomba, Libya on 23 August. A week later she escorted four transports to Malta with ''Dainty'' and the destroyers and as part of Operation Hats. The ship escorted Convoy MB.8 during Operation Collar. After reaching Malta on 26 November, ''Diamond'' joined Force D and sailed to rendezvous with Force H, coming from Gibraltar. The next day, after the British forces had combined, they were spotted by the Italians and the inconclusive Battle of Cape Spartivento was fought.

During Operation Excess, ''Diamond'' and ''Defender'' escorted Convoy MW.5 to Malta in January 1941. In mid-April she escorted a convoy of four freighters from Malta to Alexandria.

Loss

On the evening of 26 April, ''Diamond'' was in the Argolic Gulf with three light cruisers, three other destroyers and two troopships. The force began evacuating British, Australian and New Zealand troops from Nauplia. The cruisers and and destroyers and embarked nearly 2,500 troops and, at 03:00 the next morning, ''Calcutta'' ordered the evacuation force to sail. One of the troop ships, the Dutch ocean liner , disobeyed and continued to embark troops. ''Slamat'' embarked 500 troops before she eventually obeyed orders at 04:15, and the convoy sailed for Crete.

Near the mouth of the Argolic Gulf a '' Staffel'' of nine '' Luftwaffe'' Junkers Ju 87 ''Stuka'' dive-bombers from '' Sturzkampfgeschwader 77'' attacked the convoy at either 06:45 or 07:15. ''Slamat'' was hit, set afire and began to abandon ship. ''Calcutta'' ordered ''Diamond'' to go alongside ''Slamat'' to rescue survivors while the rest of the convoy continued to try to reach Souda Bay in Crete. At 08:15 ''Diamond'' reported that she was still rescuing survivors and still under air attack. By then three destroyers had reinforced the convoy so ''Calcutta'' sent one of them, , to assist ''Diamond''. ''Slamat'' was afire from stem to stern when ''Diamond'' fired a torpedo that sank her in a '' coup de grâce''. ''Diamond'' reported at 09:25 that she had rescued most of the survivors and was proceeding to Souda Bay. An hour later ''Wryneck'' signalled a request for aircraft cover.

At about 13:15, an air attack by German Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighters and Junkers Ju 88 bombersShores, Cull and Malizi, pp. 295, 299. sank both destroyers within minutes. ''Wryneck'' launched her whaler, and each destroyer launched her three Carley floats. Survivors in the whaler set off east past Cape Maleas, towing two Carley floats and their occupants. In the evening the wind increased, causing the floats to strike the boat, so Waldron reluctantly cast them adrift.

After 1900 hrs on 27 April the Vice Admiral, Light Forces, Henry Pridham-Wippell, became concerned that ''Diamond'' had not returned to Souda Bay and was not answering radio signals. ''Wryneck'' had been ordered to keep radio silence so no attempt was made to radio her. Pridham-Wippell sent the destroyer to the position where ''Slamat'' had been lost. She found 14 survivors in two Carley floats that night, more floats and another four survivors in the morning, and took the survivors to Crete.

Survivors in ''Wryneck''s whaler reached Crete in three stages. On 28 April they aimed for the island of Milos in the Aegean Sea, but were too exhausted so they landed at Ananes Rock, about southeast of Milos. There they met a caïque full of Greek refugees and British soldiers evacuated from Piraeus, who were sheltering by day and sailing only by night to avoid detection. In the evening everyone left Ananes and headed south for Crete, with most people in the caïque and five being towed in the whaler. On 29 April the caïque sighted a small landing craft that had left Porto Rafti near Athens. She took aboard everyone from the caïque and whaler, and the next day they reached Souda Bay.

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Diamond
1932 ships
C and D-class destroyers
Ships built in Barrow-in-Furness
Maritime incidents in April 1941
Destroyers sunk by aircraft
Shipwrecks of Greece
World War II destroyers of the United Kingdom
World War II shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea
Ships sunk by German aircraft