The Gurktal Alps (german: Gurktaler Alpen, sl, Krške Alpe) is a
mountain range
A mountain range or hill range is a series of mountains or hills arranged in a line and connected by high ground. A mountain system or mountain belt is a group of mountain ranges with similarity in form, structure, and alignment that have arise ...
located in the
Central Eastern Alps
The Central Eastern Alps (german: Zentralalpen or Zentrale Ostalpen), also referred to as Austrian Central Alps (german: Österreichische Zentralalpen) or just Central Alps, comprise the main chain of the Eastern Alps in Austria and the adjacen ...
in
Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
, named after the valley of the
Gurk river. The range stretches west to
Lake Millstatt
A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, surrounded by land, and distinct from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean, although, like the much larger ...
and east to
Neumarkter Sattel (north-northwest of Neumarkt in der Steiermark). The highest peak is the Styrian
Eisenhut (2441
m).
Geography
Location
The range is located between the
Mur Valley in the north, separating it from the
Niedere Tauern
The Lower TauernThe New Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol. 1, 2003, p. 86. or Niedere Tauern () are a mountain range of the Central Eastern Alps, in the Austrian states of Salzburg and Styria.
For the etymology of the name, see Tauern.
Geography ...
, and the
in the south, where it borders on the
Gailtal Alps , ''Drauzug''
, photo=Grosse Sandspitze 1.jpg
, photo_size=
, photo_caption=Große Sandspitze, the highest peak in the range
, country= Austria
, subdivision1_type= States
, subdivision1=
, parent=
, geology= Limestone
, orogeny=Alpine o ...
and
Karavanke ranges of the
Southern Limestone Alps
The Southern Limestone Alps ( it, Alpi Sud-orientali, german: Südliche Kalkalpen), also called the Southern Calcareous Alps, are the ranges of the Eastern Alps south of the Central Eastern Alps mainly located in northern Italy and the adjacen ...
. In the west, the Gurktal Alps reach up to the
Katschberg Pass
Katschberg Pass (el. ) is a high mountain pass in the Central Eastern Alps in Austria between Rennweg am Katschberg in the state of Carinthia and Sankt Michael im Lungau in Salzburg.
Geography
It connects the Carinthian Katsch Valley in the s ...
and the
Ankogel Group
The Ankogel Group (german: Ankogelgruppe) is a sub-group of the Central Eastern Alps. Together with the Goldberg Group, the Glockner Group, the Schober Group, the Kreuzeck Group, the Granatspitze Group, the Venediger Group, the Villgraten Mounta ...
of the
Hohe Tauern
The High Tauern ( pl.; german: Hohe Tauern, it, Alti Tauri) are a mountain range on the main chain of the Central Eastern Alps, comprising the highest peaks east of the Brenner Pass. The crest forms the southern border of the Austrian states of ...
range. In the east, the
Neumarkt Pass in
Upper Styria
Upper Styria (german: Obersteiermark), in the Austrian usage of the term, refers exclusively to the northwestern, generally mountainous and well-wooded half of the federal state of Styria. The southwestern half of the state around the capital of ...
separates it from the adjacent
Lavanttal Alps
The Lavanttal Alps (german: Lavanttaler Alpen, sl, Labotniške Alpe) are part of the Central Eastern Alps in Austria and Slovenia, between the river Mur in the north and the Drava in the south.
The mountains are named after the central valley o ...
.
Subdivisions
The Gurktal Alps may be divided into five subgroups:
* The ''
Nock Mountains
The Nock Mountains (german: Nockberge or ''Nockgebirge'') are the westernmost and highest mountain range of the Gurktal Alps in Austria, spread over parts of the federal states of Carinthia, Salzburg and Styria. Their appearance is characterised ...
'' lie between the Liesertal and
Flattnitzer Höhe. Their highest peak is the
Eisenhut (2,441 m).
* The ''
Metnitz Mountains
Metnitz ( sl, Metnica ) is a town in the district of Sankt Veit an der Glan (district), Sankt Veit an der Glan in the Austrian state of Carinthia (state), Carinthia.
Geography
Metnitz lies in the north of Carinthia and includes most of the Metnit ...
'' lie between the Mur and Metnitz valleys. Their highest point is the
Goldachnock (2,171 m).
* The ''
Mödring Chain'' lies between the Metnitz and Gurktal valleys. Its highest point is the
Dorferecken (1,726 m)
* The ''
Wimitz Mountains'' lie between the Gurk and
Glan valleys through which flows the
Wimitz river. Their highest peaks are the
Schneebauerberg and the
Hocheck (both 1,338 m)
At the southern end of the Gurktal Alps is the
Klagenfurt Basin. Here there are seven more smaller mountain chains:
* ''
Magdalensberg
Magdalensberg ( Slovene: ''Štalenska gora'') is a market town in the district of Klagenfurt-Land in Carinthia in Austria.
Geography
Magdalensberg lies at the foot of the Magdalensberg in the Klagenfurt basin in the lower Gurk valley. The Gurk an ...
'' (Lippekogel, 1,079 m)
* ''
Ossiach Tauern
The Ossiach Tauern (german: Ossiacher Tauern, sl, Osojske Ture, locally just ''Turje'') is a wooded mountain ridge in the Austrian state of Carinthia between Lake Ossiach in the northwest and the Wörthersee in the southeast. The highest poin ...
'' (Taubenbühel 1,069 m)
* ''Glantal Highlands'' (
Ulrichsberg
Ulrichsberg is a municipality in the district of Rohrbach in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.
Geography
Ulrichsberg lies in Mühlviertel in Upper Austria near the Bohemian Forest and along the ''Große Mühl'' river (north of the Danube). ...
, 1,022 m)
* ''
Sattnitz'' (Tanzboden, 929 m)
* ''Feldkirchen-Moosburg Upland'' (Freudenberg, 817 m)
* ''St. Veit Upland'' (Buchberg, 808 m)
* ''Maria Saal Upland'' (Maria Saaler Berg, 746 m)
The Gurktal Alps are, along with the
Lavanttal Alps
The Lavanttal Alps (german: Lavanttaler Alpen, sl, Labotniške Alpe) are part of the Central Eastern Alps in Austria and Slovenia, between the river Mur in the north and the Drava in the south.
The mountains are named after the central valley o ...
to the east, are occasionally classified as part of the
Noric Alps Noric may refer to:
*Noricum, an ancient region
* Noric Alps
*Noric language
* Noric race
*Noric steel
*the Taurisci
The Taurisci were a federation of Celtic tribes who dwelt in today's Carinthia and northern Slovenia (Carniola) before the coming ...
. However, it is not geologically justified.
Peaks
The highest peaks are located within the
Nock Mountains
The Nock Mountains (german: Nockberge or ''Nockgebirge'') are the westernmost and highest mountain range of the Gurktal Alps in Austria, spread over parts of the federal states of Carinthia, Salzburg and Styria. Their appearance is characterised ...
(''Nockberge'', from ''Nock'' meaning "rounded hilltop", cf.
Nockerl) subgroup west of
Flattnitz Pass
Flattnitz Pass (el. 1400 m.) is a high mountain pass in the Austrian Alps.
The pass is located in the state of Carinthia, connecting Glödnitz in the Gurk valley with Stadl on the Mur river, beyond the border with Styria. The pass height co ...
, including Mt.
Eisenhut, , in
Styria
Styria (german: Steiermark ; Serbo-Croatian and sl, ; hu, Stájerország) is a state (''Bundesland'') in the southeast of Austria. With an area of , Styria is the second largest state of Austria, after Lower Austria. Styria is bordered to ...
. The ''Nationalpark Nockberge'' along the
scenic
Scenic may refer to:
* Scenic design
* Scenic painting
* Scenic overlook
* Scenic railroad (disambiguation)
* Scenic route
* Scenic, South Dakota, United States
* Scenic (horse), a Thoroughbred racehorse
Aviation
*Airwave Scenic, an Austrian par ...
Nockalm Road in
Carinthia
Carinthia (german: Kärnten ; sl, Koroška ) is the southernmost States of Austria, Austrian state, in the Eastern Alps, and is noted for its mountains and lakes. The main language is German language, German. Its regional dialects belong to t ...
since 1987 is a
protected landscape
Protection is any measure taken to guard a thing against damage caused by outside forces. Protection can be provided to physical objects, including organisms, to systems, and to intangible things like civil and political rights. Although t ...
area (
IUCN
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...
V). The Nock Mountains also stretch down to major Carinthian lakes like
Millstätter See
Lake Millstatt (german: Millstätter See, sometimes written "Millstättersee") is a lake in Carinthia, Austria.
Geography
It is situated at 588 metres above the Adriatic (1,929 ft), north of the Drava Valley within the Gurktal Alps (Nock Moun ...
and
Ossiacher See.
Other peaks include:
*
Großer Rosennock,
*
Hohe Pressing,
*
Rinsennock,
Geology
The Gurktal Alps consist mainly of three tectonic plates: at the bottom, the "mica schist plate", above it, the "Murau plate" and at the top, the "Stolzalpen plate".
The lowest plate is made of mica schist, the one in the middle is made of greenstone slates, phyllite and marble. The highest plate, the Stolzalpen plate, consists of slates of originally similar age, but which have been transformed less and now appear as clay slates, Volcanic rocks and limestone.
Economy and tourism
The landscape has numerous mountain pastures and had been the site of
transhumance
Transhumance is a type of pastoralism or nomadism, a seasonal movement of livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures. In montane regions (''vertical transhumance''), it implies movement between higher pastures in summer and lower vall ...
agriculture. The Gurktal Alps were also a
mining
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit. The exploitation of these deposits for raw material is based on the economic via ...
area for
iron
Iron () is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from la, ferrum) and atomic number 26. It is a metal that belongs to the first transition series and group 8 of the periodic table. It is, by mass, the most common element on Earth, right in f ...
and
silver
Silver is a chemical element with the Symbol (chemistry), symbol Ag (from the Latin ', derived from the Proto-Indo-European wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂erǵ-, ''h₂erǵ'': "shiny" or "white") and atomic number 47. A soft, whi ...
.
Magnesite
Magnesite is a mineral with the chemical formula (magnesium carbonate). Iron, manganese, cobalt, and nickel may occur as admixtures, but only in small amounts.
Occurrence
Magnesite occurs as veins in and an alteration product of ultramafic ro ...
deposits are continued to be exploited near
Radenthein
Radenthein ( sl, Radenče ) is a town in Spittal an der Drau District, in the Austrian state of Carinthia.
Geography
The town is situated in the Gegend valley (''Gegendtal'') of the Nock Mountains range (part of the Gurktal Alps), stretching to ...
.
Today,
tourism
Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring (disambiguation), touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tour (disambiguation), tours. Th ...
is the most important economic sector. The valleys of the Gurktal Alps cater for tourists in summer and for the winter season. The leading tourist area is
Bad Kleinkirchheim
Bad Kleinkirchheim is a municipality and spa town in the district of Spittal an der Drau, in Carinthia, Austria.
Until the middle of the 20th century, agriculture was the dominant focus, but it is now a renowned spa and ski resort. Although recor ...
, then
Turracher Höhe (
Predlitz-Turrach
Predlitz-Turrach is a former municipality in the district of Murau in Styria, Austria. Since the 2015 Styria municipal structural reform, it is part of the municipality Stadl-Predlitz.
Geography
The municipality lies in the upper valley of the M ...
and
Reichenau), Falkert (Reichenau) and Innerkrems (
Krems in Kärnten),
Flattnitz
Flattnitz Pass (el. 1400 m.) is a high mountain pass in the Austrian Alps.
The pass is located in the States of Austria, state of Carinthia, connecting Glödnitz in the Gurk (river), Gurk valley with Stadl an der Mur, Stadl on the Mur (river), Mu ...
,
Afritz and Katschberg (
Rennweg am Katschberg
Rennweg am Katschberg is a market town in the district of Spittal an der Drau in Carinthia, Austria.
Geography
Rennweg is located in the Katsch Valley (''Katschtal'') between the Hohe Tauern range in the west and the Gurktal Alps (Nock Mountai ...
). The largest ski areas are ''Katschberg-Aineck'', ''Innerkrems-Schönfeld-Karneralm'', ''
Turracher Höhe'' and ''
Gerlitzen'' in the Nock Mountains and ''
Kreischberg Kreischberg is an Austrian ski resort in Styria, Austria.
The area includes the adjacent Rosenkranzhöhe and offers 40 kilometres of slopes altogether. In December 2013, Kreischberg was considered the first 10-seater gondola in Styria. In recent ye ...
'' in the Metnitz Mountains.
The Nock Mountain region is well known for its spas. The
Karlbad along the ''Nockalmstraße'' is the oldest farmers' healing spring in Austria. The method of creating the baths (with spring water and hot rocks), has remained unchanged since the 17th century. Their location means there is no electricity. The name of the spa is derived from the little cirque (''Karl'' from ''Kar'', cirque).
References
* http://www.summitpost.org/gurktal-alps-rockberge/153224
{{Authority control
Central Alps
Mountain ranges of Carinthia (state)