Guido Terrena (c.1270 in

Perpignan Perpignan (, , ; ca, Perpinyà ; es, Perpiñán ; it, Perpignano ) is the prefecture of the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France, in the heart of the plain of Roussillon, at the foot of the Pyrenees a few kilometres from the ...

– 1342), also known as Guido Terreni and Guy de Perpignan, was a Catalan

Carmelite , image = , caption = Coat of arms of the Carmelites , abbreviation = OCarm , formation = Late 12th century , founder = Early hermits of Mount Carmel , founding_location = Mount Car ...

canon lawyer and scholastic philosopher.

Life

He was a student of

Godfrey of Fontaines Godfrey of Fontaines (born sometime before 1250, died 29 October 1306 or 1309), in Latin Godefridus de Fontibus, was a scholastic philosopher and theologian, designated by the title Doctor Venerandus. He made contributions to a diverse range of sub ...

, and teacher of

John Baconthorpe John Baconthorpe (also Bacon, Baco, and Bacconius) ( 1290 – 1347) was a learned English Carmelite friar and scholastic philosopher. Life John Baconthorpe was born at Baconsthorpe, Norfolk, he seems to have been the grandnephew of Roger Ba ...

. He became Prior-General of the Carmelites in 1318, bishop of Mallorca, and

bishop of Elna The Roman Catholic Diocese of Perpignan–Elne (Latin: ''Dioecesis Elnensis''; French: ''Diocèse de Perpignan–Elne''; Catalan: ''Bisbat de Perpinyà–Elna'') is a diocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in France.

. As bishop of Elna he opposed Adhémar IV de Mosset. A strong proponent of

Aristotle Aristotle (; grc-gre, Ἀριστοτέλης ''Aristotélēs'', ; 384–322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. Taught by Plato, he was the founder of the Peripatetic school of phil ...

, he taught at

Avignon Avignon (, ; ; oc, Avinhon, label=Provençal dialect, Provençal or , ; la, Avenio) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Vaucluse Departments of France, department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region of So ...

Works

He was an early infallibilist; the concept of

papal infallibility Papal infallibility is a dogma of the Catholic Church which states that, in virtue of the promise of Jesus to Peter, the Pope when he speaks ''ex cathedra'' is preserved from the possibility of error on doctrine "initially given to the aposto ...

is thought to occur first in a work he wrote concerning the conflict of

Pope John XXII Pope John XXII ( la, Ioannes PP. XXII; 1244 – 4 December 1334), born Jacques Duèze (or d'Euse), was head of the Catholic Church from 7 August 1316 to his death in December 1334. He was the second and longest-reigning Avignon Pope, elected by ...

(1316–34) and the

Franciscan Spirituals The Fraticelli (Italian for "Little Brethren") or Spiritual Franciscans opposed changes to the rule of Saint Francis of Assisi, especially with regard to poverty, and regarded the wealth of the Church as scandalous, and that of individual church ...

. It is said that he adapted this doctrine to papal needs, rather than originating it, and before 1328. He was a leading member of a small group of infallibilists at the court of Pope John XXII. His position on papal infallibility "so closely anticipated the doctrine of Vatican I that in the judgment of B.M. Xiberta, the Carmelite scholar who edited erreni'swork, 'if he had written it after Vatican I he would have to add or change hardly a single word.'" He wrote: "We are not asking whether a pope can be a heretic in himself but whether he can err in defining anything in the church and obliging the faithful to believe, so that his error does not concern the person of the pope alone but concerns all the faithful and the whole church of Christ. For an error concerning his person can inhere in the pope, but not an error concerning the whole church." He was one of those opposing the views of

Arnold of Villanova Arnaldus de Villa Nova (also called Arnau de Vilanova in Catalan, his language, Arnaldus Villanovanus, Arnaud de Ville-Neuve or Arnaldo de Villanueva, c. 1240–1311) was a physician and a religious reformer. He was also thought to be an alchem ...

on the

Antichrist In Christian eschatology, the Antichrist refers to people prophesied by the Bible to oppose Jesus Christ and substitute themselves in Christ's place before the Second Coming. The term Antichrist (including one plural form) 1 John ; . 2 John . ...

; and he first dubbed

Joachim of Fiore Joachim of Fiore, also known as Joachim of Flora and in Italian Gioacchino da Fiore (c. 1135 – 30 March 1202), was an Italian Christian theologian, Catholic abbot, and the founder of the monastic order of San Giovanni in Fiore. According to the ...

a heretic. He was asked, with Pierre de la Palud, to report on Peter John Olivi's apocalyptic writing. He wrote

commentaries on Aristotle Commentaries on Aristotle refers to the great mass of literature produced, especially in the ancient and medieval world, to explain and clarify the works of Aristotle. The pupils of Aristotle were the first to comment on his writings, a tradition ...

's ''

De anima ''On the Soul'' (Greek: , ''Peri Psychēs''; Latin: ''De Anima'') is a major treatise written by Aristotle c. 350 BC. His discussion centres on the kinds of souls possessed by different kinds of living things, distinguished by their different op ...

'', ''

Nicomachean Ethics The ''Nicomachean Ethics'' (; ; grc, Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια, ) is Aristotle's best-known work on ethics, the science of the good for human life, which is the goal or end at which all our actions aim. (I§2) The aim of the inquiry is ...

'', ''

Metaphysics Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that studies the fundamental nature of reality, the first principles of being, identity and change, space and time, causality, necessity, and possibility. It includes questions about the nature of conscio ...

'', and ''

Physics Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge which r ...

''. Other works include the ''Errores Sarracenorum'' against

Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...

, a ''Summa de haresibus'' and a ''Decretum'' commentary.

Burial place

Guido was buried in the Carmelite church in Avignon.

References

* A. Fidora, ''Guido Terreni, O. Carm. (†1342). Studies and Texts'' (= Textes et études du moyen age, 78), Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2015, *Guiu Terreni, ''Confutatio errorum quorundam magistrorum'', ed. Alexander Fidora, Almudena Blasco and Celia López Alcalde, Barcelona: Obrador edéndum, 2014. *B.-M. Xiberta, ''Guiu Terrena, Carmelita de Perpinyà'', (Barcelona 1932) *Jorge J.E. Gracia, ''The Convertibility of Unum and Ens According to Guido Terrena'', Franciscan Studies, 33, 1973, pp. 143–170 *T. Shogimen, ''William of Ockham and Guido Terreni'', History of Political Thought, 19, 4, 1998, pp. 517–530 *C. Schabel, ''Early Carmelites between Giants. Questions on Future Contingents by Gerard of Bologna and Guy Terrena''. Recherches de Théologie et Philosophie Médiévales 70 (2003) 139–205.

Notes

External links

List of Works at ''Liste lateinischer Autoren und anonymer Werke des 13. Jahrhunderts (ca. 1170-1320)''
{{DEFAULTSORT:Terrena, Guido 1342 deaths Carmelites Priors General of the Order of Carmelites Scholastic philosophers Latin commentators on Aristotle Canon law jurists Bishops of Elna Bishops of Lodève People from Catalonia Year of birth uncertain 14th-century jurists 14th-century philosophers