Guanshanhu District (), formerly the Jinyang New Area (JYND; ), is one of 6
urban districts of the
prefecture-level city
A prefecture-level city () or prefectural city is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure.
During the Republican era, many of China' ...
of
Guiyang
Guiyang (; ; Mandarin pronunciation: ), historically rendered as Kweiyang, is the capital of Guizhou province of the People's Republic of China. It is located in the center of the province, situated on the east of the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau, ...
, the capital of
Guizhou Province
Guizhou (; formerly Kweichow) is a landlocked province in the southwest region of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Guiyang, in the center of the province. Guizhou borders the autonomous region of Guangxi to the ...
, in
Southwest China
Southwest China () is a region in the south of the People's Republic of China.
Geography
Southwest China is a rugged and mountainous region, transitioning between the Tibetan Plateau to the west and the Chinese coastal hills (东南丘陵) and ...
. Located to the northwest of Guiyang's city centre,
Guanshanhu District is situated beyond the city's mountains on high-plains interspersed with rolling hills,
[Guiyang City Government Website](_blank)
, retrieved 2009-11-18 at an average altitude of .
The district spans an area of ,
and has a population of 642,634 as of 2020.
As a new city district of Guiyang, the Guanshanhu District is focused on government, finance, real estate, high-tech, transportation, aerospace and commercial services. Since its inception in 2001, through the end of 2008, 43 billion yuan was invested in the Guanshanhu District. Guanshanhu District is home to Guiyang's municipal government offices.
Toponymy
Prior to being established as a
district
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
, the area was incorporated as the Jinyang New Area (JYND; ).
However, in order to avoid confusion with
Jinyang County
Jinyang County (; Yi: ) is a county of Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture
Liangshan (; Yi: ''Niep Sha'', pronounced ), officially the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, is a ...
in
Sichuan
Sichuan (; zh, c=, labels=no, ; zh, p=Sìchuān; alternatively romanized as Szechuan or Szechwan; formerly also referred to as "West China" or "Western China" by Protestant missions) is a province in Southwest China occupying most of the ...
(which is written and pronounced identically), upon the area's re-organization as a district, it was renamed to Guanshanhu District (), after a prominent
lake
A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, surrounded by land, and distinct from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean, although, like the much large ...
in the district.
History
In the early part of 2000, the municipal government of
Guiyang
Guiyang (; ; Mandarin pronunciation: ), historically rendered as Kweiyang, is the capital of Guizhou province of the People's Republic of China. It is located in the center of the province, situated on the east of the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau, ...
devised a plan to build a new urban area to the northwest of the existing core, in response to the increased congestion caused by the city's recent growth.
On April 14, the municipal government established a group to organize the development of such an area, then-called the Jinyang New Area (JYND; ).
The Jinyang New Area was first carved out of areas from
Wudang District
Wudang District () is one of 6 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guiyang, the capital of Guizhou Province, Southwest China.
Climate
Transportation
Three railway stations are situated in the District:
* Guiyang East railway statio ...
and
Baiyun District, and was transferred additional areas from the two
districts
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
in 2006 and 2007.
By the end of 2011, the Jinyang New Area spanned an area of , and had a population of about 240,000.
Guanshanhu District was formally established as a district on December 21, 2012.
At the time of its establishment, the district spanned an area of , and had a population of 240,700.
Geography
Guanshanhu District spans west to east from 106° 33' to 106° 41', and south to north from 26°33' to 26°40'.
46.01% of the
district's area is
forested
A forest is an area of land dominated by trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, and ecological function. The United Nations' ...
.
Climate
The district has a
humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a zone of climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between latitudes 25° and 40° ...
.
Administrative divisions
Guanshanhu District administers seven
subdistricts A subdistrict or sub-district is an administrative division that is generally smaller than a district.
Equivalents
* Administrative posts of East Timor, formerly Portuguese-language
* Kelurahan, in Indonesia
* Mukim, a township in Brunei, Indon ...
and three
towns
A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world.
Origin and use
The word "town" shares an ori ...
.
These
township-level divisions
The administrative divisions of China have consisted of several levels since ancient times, due to China's large population and geographical area. The constitution of China provides for three levels of government. However in practice, there a ...
then, in turn, administer 49
administrative villages and 90
residential communities.
Subdistricts
The
district's seven subdistricts are , , , , , , and .
Towns
The district's three towns are , , and .
Demographics
Guanshanhu District had a permanent resident population of 642,634 per the
2020 Chinese Census
The Seventh National Population Census of the People's Republic of China (), also referred to as the 2020 Chinese Census, was the seventh national census conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. Census w ...
.
As of 2020, Guanshanhu District's population accounted for 10.73% of
Guiyang's total population.
51.56% of Guanshanhu District's population is
male
Male (symbol: ♂) is the sex of an organism that produces the gamete (sex cell) known as sperm, which fuses with the larger female gamete, or ovum, in the process of fertilization.
A male organism cannot reproduce sexually without access to ...
as of 2020, giving it a
sex ratio
The sex ratio (or gender ratio) is usually defined as the ratio of males to females in a population. As explained by Fisher's principle, for evolutionary reasons this is typically about 1:1 in species which reproduce sexually. Many species devia ...
of 106.46 males per 100
females
Female (symbol: ♀) is the sex of an organism that produces the large non-motile ova (egg cells), the type of gamete (sex cell) that fuses with the male gamete during sexual reproduction.
A female has larger gametes than a male. Females a ...
.
19.07% of the
district's population is 14 years old or under as of 2020, 70.37% is between the ages of 15 and 59, and the remaining 10.56% is 60 years old or over.
7.07% of the district's population is 65 years and older.
The district has a
crude birth rate
The birth rate for a given period is the total number of live human births per 1,000 population divided by the length of the period in years. The number of live births is normally taken from a universal registration system for births; populati ...
of 21.09
per thousand
Per mille (from Latin , "in each thousand") is an expression that means parts per thousand. Other recognised spellings include per mil, per mill, permil, permill, or permille.
The associated sign is written , which looks like a percent si ...
, and a
crude death rate
Mortality rate, or death rate, is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time. Mortality rate is typically expressed in units of de ...
of 18.73 per thousand, giving it a
rate of natural increase
In Demography, the rate of natural increase (RNI), also known as natural population change, is defined as the birth rate minus the death rate of a particular population, over a particular time period. It is typically expressed either as a number ...
of 2.36 per thousand.
Ethnic minorities
The term 'minority group' has different usages depending on the context. According to its common usage, a minority group can simply be understood in terms of demographic sizes within a population: i.e. a group in society with the least number o ...
in Guanshanhu District include the
Miao Miao may refer to:
* Miao people, linguistically and culturally related group of people, recognized as such by the government of the People's Republic of China
* Miao script or Pollard script, writing system used for Miao languages
* Miao (Unicode ...
, the
Bouyei, and the
Tujia.
Historical population
The area's population has grown dramatically in the 21st century, largely driven by the relocation of major governmental and economic institutions to the district. From 2004 to 2008, the district's population grew from 70,000 to 180,000. By the end of 2011, the district's population was approximately 240,000, and was estimated to be about 240,700 by December 2012.
Guanshanhu District's population continued to grow throughout the mid and late 2010s, reaching 642,634 by 2020.
Economy
As of 2020, Guanshanhu District has a
gross domestic product
Gross domestic product (GDP) is a money, monetary Measurement in economics, measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjec ...
(GDP) of 65.352 billion
renminbi
The renminbi (; symbol: ¥; ISO code: CNY; abbreviation: RMB) is the official currency of the People's Republic of China and one of the world's most traded currencies, ranking as the fifth most traded currency in the world as of April 2022. ...
(RMB), a 6.5% increase from the previous year.
Of this, 0.441 billion RMB (0.67% of the total economy) comes from the
district's primary sector
The primary sector of the economy includes any industry involved in the extraction and production of raw materials, such as farming, logging, fishing, forestry and mining.
The primary sector tends to make up a larger portion of the economy in de ...
, 10.255 billion RMB (15.69%) comes from the district's
secondary sector
In macroeconomics, the secondary sector of the economy is an economic sector in the three-sector theory that describes the role of manufacturing. It encompasses industries that produce a finished, usable product or are involved in construction. ...
, and 54.656 billion RMB (83.63%) comes from the district's
tertiary sector
The tertiary sector of the economy, generally known as the service sector, is the third of the three economic sectors in the three-sector model (also known as the economic cycle). The others are the primary sector (raw materials) and the second ...
.
Guiyang's municipal government is seated in Guanshanhu District,
and employs 20,000 people and is adjacent to the sprawling Guanshanhu Park in the district's center.
[Guiyang City Government Website](_blank)
, (in Chinese), retrieved 2009-11-10
Century Town, located in the district's south, is the largest planned urban development in the district with 40,000 residences and the Century Town shopping complex with 3 interconnected shopping malls and several office buildings.
[Century Town Website](_blank)
,(In Chinese), retrieved 2009-11-23.
Guanshanhu District is also home to
China West Technology Park (CWTP), a large hi-tech
office park
A business park or office park is a designated area of land in which many office buildings are grouped together. These types of developments are often located in suburban areas where land and building costs are more affordable, and are typically ...
composed of seven class-A multi-use buildings comprising 174,000 square meters (1.8 million sq.ft.) of office, lab, meeting, residential, hotel, dining and retail space. It is anticipated that within 3 years of opening in 2012, between 6,000 and 10,000 workers will be employed in CWTP. Current tenants include the regional head offices of China Mingsheng Bank,
Sinopec
China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (中国石油化工股份有限公司) or Sinopec (), is a Chinese oil and gas enterprise based in Beijing. It is listed in Hong Kong and also trades in Shanghai.
Sinopec Limited's parent, Sinopec Gr ...
, and the Guizhou Province Talent City, a provincial-scale job market and training center JV between the Shanghai Municipal Government agency and the Guiyang High-Tech Development Zone administration. CWTP initial occupancy began in late 2012.
[China West Technology Park Website](_blank)
(In Chinese) Retrieved 2009-11-22
In 2011, Guizhou Provincial General Hospital announced the location of a provincial medical center campus in the Guanshanhu District, north of the City's government administrative complex. The new medical campus is anticipated for completion in 2015-2016 and will be a large-scale medical and research center employing over 10,000 physician and staff.
Guanshanhu District is home to the regional headquarters of several large companies including
China Mobile
China Mobile is the trade name of both China Mobile Limited () and its ultimate controlling shareholder, China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd. (, formerly known as China Mobile Communications Corporation, "CMCC"), a Chinese state-ownedSt ...
,
China Southern Coal
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
,
China Datang Corporation
China Datang Corporation (CDT) is one of the five large-scale power generation enterprises in China, established on the basis of former State Power Corporation of China in 2002. It is a solely state-owned enterprise directly managed by the SASA ...
China Hydro Engineering and
Kweichow Moutai
Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd. is a partial publicly traded, partial state-owned enterprise in China, specializing in the production and sales of the spirit Maotai baijiu, together with the production and sale of beverage, food and packaging materi ...
.
[Article about company headquarters in Jinyang](_blank)
Retrieved 2009-11-24
Minerals
Mineral deposits within Guanshanhu District include
coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen.
Coal is formed when dea ...
,
limestone
Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms whe ...
,
silicon
Silicon is a chemical element with the symbol Si and atomic number 14. It is a hard, brittle crystalline solid with a blue-grey metallic luster, and is a tetravalent metalloid and semiconductor. It is a member of group 14 in the periodic tab ...
, and
barite
Baryte, barite or barytes ( or ) is a mineral consisting of barium sulfate ( Ba S O4). Baryte is generally white or colorless, and is the main source of the element barium. The ''baryte group'' consists of baryte, celestine (strontium sulfate), ...
.
Transportation
Road
The Guanshanhu District has a road network with a of signalized multi-lane roadways which provide access to the Guiyang–Zunyi Expressway, the Guiyang Outer Ring Road and Second Ring Road highways. The Gui-Zun Expressway, the Guiyang Outer Ring Road and Guiyang Second Ring Road highways pass through the district and are part of the national trunk highway system. These divided multi-lane motorways provide the district with rapid vehicular access to the city center,
Guiyang Longdongbao International Airport
Guiyang Longdongbao International Airport is an airport serving Guiyang, the capital of Guizhou Province.
Guiyang Longdongbao Airport was opened on 28 May 1997 and adopted its current name on 19 January 2006. It is located southeast from Guiy ...
, and all points within Guizhou including the cities of
Zunyi
Zunyi () is a prefecture-level city in northern Guizhou province, People's Republic of China, situated between the provincial capital Guiyang to the south and Chongqing to the north, also bordering Sichuan to the northwest. Along with Guiyang an ...
,
Anshun
Anshun () is a prefecture-level city located in southwestern Guizhou province, southwest China, near the Huangguoshu Waterfall, the tallest in China. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 2,297,339. The city proper had a population of 7 ...
, and Kaili, as well as the large regional cities of
Chongqing
Chongqing ( or ; ; Sichuanese dialects, Sichuanese pronunciation: , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ), Postal Romanization, alternately romanized as Chungking (), is a Direct-administered municipalities of China, municipality in Southwes ...
,
Chengdu
Chengdu (, ; Simplified Chinese characters, simplified Chinese: 成都; pinyin: ''Chéngdū''; Sichuanese dialects, Sichuanese pronunciation: , Standard Chinese pronunciation: ), Chinese postal romanization, alternatively Romanization of Chi ...
,
Kunming
Kunming (; ), also known as Yunnan-Fu, is the capital and largest city of Yunnan province, China. It is the political, economic, communications and cultural centre of the province as well as the seat of the provincial government. The headquar ...
,
Guilin
Guilin ( Standard Zhuang: ''Gveilinz''; alternatively romanized as Kweilin) is a prefecture-level city in the northeast of China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It is situated on the west bank of the Li River and borders Hunan to the nort ...
,
Changsha
Changsha (; ; ; Changshanese pronunciation: (), Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is the capital and the largest city of Hunan Province of China. Changsha is the 17th most populous city in China with a population of over 10 million, an ...
,
Nanning
Nanning (; ; za, Namzningz) is the capital and largest city by population of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in Southern China. It is known as the "Green City" because of its abundance of lush subtropical foliage. Located in the South of ...
, and
Guangzhou
Guangzhou (, ; ; or ; ), also known as Canton () and alternatively romanized as Kwongchow or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of Guangdong province in southern China. Located on the Pearl River about north-northwest of Hong Kon ...
.
The
G75 Lanzhou–Haikou Expressway
The Lanzhou–Haikou Expressway (), designated as G75 and commonly referred to as the Lanhai Expressway () is an expressway in China that connects the cities of Lanzhou, Gansu, and Haikou, Hainan. When fully complete, it will be in length. It ...
, the
G60 Shanghai–Kunming Expressway
The Shanghai–Kunming Expressway (), commonly referred to as the ''Hukun Expressway'' () is an expressway that connects the cities of Shanghai, China, and Kunming, Yunnan. It is in length. The entire route forms part of Asian Highway 3.
Route
Th ...
, and the
G76 Xiamen–Chengdu Expressway
The Xiamen–Chengdu Expressway (), designated as G76 and commonly referred to as the Xiarong Expressway () is an expressway in China that connects the cities of Xiamen, Fujian, and Chengdu, Sichuan. When complete, it will be in length.
Route
Fu ...
run through the
district
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
.
Guanshanhu District is home to the JinYang Regional Bus Terminal, the largest coach and bus terminal in Guizhou Province, servicing over 7 million passengers annually.
Rail
Major railways that run through Guanshanhu District include the
Guiyang–Guangzhou high-speed railway, the
Shanghai–Kunming high-speed railway, the
Chengdu–Guiyang high-speed railway, and the
Chongqing–Guiyang high-speed railway all run through the district.
The
Guiyang–Nanning high-speed railway will also service the district upon completion.
The district is home to the
Guiyang North railway station, which is connected to the country's
high-speed rail network.
Situated in the eastern area of the Guanshanhu District, the station opened in December 2014.
The station is serviced by passenger and freight service on CRH bullet trains that travel at average speed of . These bullet trains travel from Guiyang to Chongqing in 1.5 hours, Chengdu in 3 hours,
Guangzhou
Guangzhou (, ; ; or ; ), also known as Canton () and alternatively romanized as Kwongchow or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of Guangdong province in southern China. Located on the Pearl River about north-northwest of Hong Kon ...
in 3 hours,
Shanghai
Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flow ...
in 8 hours, and
Beijing
}
Beijing ( ; ; ), alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the capital of the People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city, with over 21 ...
in 9 hours.
[China Highway article about Guiyang High Speed Rail Station](_blank)
(In Chinese), retrieved 2009-11-24 Other cities connected by rail include
Changsha
Changsha (; ; ; Changshanese pronunciation: (), Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is the capital and the largest city of Hunan Province of China. Changsha is the 17th most populous city in China with a population of over 10 million, an ...
and
Wuhan
Wuhan (, ; ; ) is the capital of Hubei, Hubei Province in the China, People's Republic of China. It is the largest city in Hubei and the most populous city in Central China, with a population of over eleven million, the List of cities in China ...
. About 100 CRH bullet trains service the station daily.
Both lines of the
Guiyang Metro
The Guiyang Metro is a rapid transit in the city of Guiyang, Guizhou province, China. It is operated and branded as Guiyang Urban Rail Transit (GYURT). A short northern section of Line 1 opened on 28 December 2017, with the full line entering ope ...
run through Guanshanhu District, with 11 stations along
Line 1 from through to servicing the district.
Guiyang is currently building a three-line urban light rails system with the city's fline-1 of the system anticipated to be operational in 2015, connecting the Guanshanhu District to the older, established Guiyang central business district, several established high-density inner-city residential neighborhoods, and the airport.
[Guiyang Metro article about Jinyang](_blank)
(In Chinese), retrieved 2009-11-10
Culture
Parks
Parks within Guanshanhu District include Guanshanhu Park (), Guiyang Karst Park (), Baihua Lake (), Baihua Lake Forest Park (), Xiaowanhe Wetlands Park (), Yueshan Lake Wetlands Park (), and Donglin Park ().
Sports
The
Guiyang Olympic Sports Center
The Guiyang Olympic Sports Centre Stadium () is a sports venue in Guanshanhu District, Guiyang, China. With a capacity of 51,636 people, it is the largest sports venue in Guizhou Province.
Construction began in 2006, and the center was opened in ...
in Guanshanhu District opened in 2011 and was host to the 9th Chinese Traditional Games for Ethnic Nationalities.
The Olympic Center includes a 52,000 seat stadium, a swimming and diving hall, and 17 tennis courts. The total area is 289,000 square meters. The Center also used to host the
Guizhou Renhe Football Club of the
Chinese Super League
The Chinese Football Association Super League, commonly known as Chinese Super League or CSL, currently known as the China Ping An Chinese Football Association Super League for sponsorship reasons, is the highest tier of professional football in ...
prior to their relocation to
Beijing
}
Beijing ( ; ; ), alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the capital of the People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city, with over 21 ...
.
Tourism
Guiyang International Exhibition and Convention Center opened in 2011, with 2 million square meters of space, and can host conventions with as many as 20,000 visitors.
[Guiyang Web](_blank)
(In Chinese), retrieved 2009-11-03. The Convention and Exhibition Center annually hosts the Global Eco-Forum Guiyang jointly sponsored by the Chinese Government and the United Nations. The Conference center also is adjacent to the new 366-room Hyatt Regency Guiyang,
[Hyatt Hotels website](_blank)
retrieved 2011-11-02 several smaller domestic hotels, and the Zhongtian Super Mall, a 330,000 square meter (3.5 million square feet) multi-level shopping center scheduled to open in 2014. The Marriott International Corporation opened the 340-room Renaissance Guiyang Hotel in February 2012.
[Marriott Renaissance Guiyang Website](_blank)
Retrieved 2011-11-02 The hotel adjoins Guanshanhu Park and is also adjacent to the Municipal Government Administration Complex. Other major hotels in the district include the 306-roo
New World Hotel Guiyang and the 351-room
Empark Grand Hotel Guiyang
See also
*
China West Technology Park
References
External links
Guiyang City Government
Jinyang Government Website
Guiyang National High-Tech Industrial Development Zone
Guiyang City Government
Guiyang, City of Forests
{{New Area
County-level divisions of Guizhou
Guiyang
New areas (China)