The Greens (''––'') are a
green
Green is the color between cyan and yellow on the visible spectrum. It is evoked by light which has a dominant wavelength of roughly 495570 Nanometre, nm. In subtractive color systems, used in painting and color printing, it is created by ...
and
regionalist political party
A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific political ideology ...
(with
eco-socialist
Eco-socialism (also known as green socialism or socialist ecology) is an ideology merging aspects of socialism with that of green politics, ecology and alter-globalization or anti-globalization. Eco-socialists generally believe that the expansi ...
and self-proclaimed
social-democratic tendencies) active in
South Tyrol
it, Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano – Alto Adige lld, Provinzia Autonoma de Balsan/Bulsan – Südtirol
, settlement_type = Autonomous province
, image_skyline =
, image_alt ...
, northern
Italy
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...
. Once the provincial section of the
Federation of the Greens
The Federation of the Greens ( it, Federazione dei Verdi, FdV), frequently referred to as Greens (''Verdi''), was a green political party in Italy. It was formed in 1990 by the merger of the Federation of Green Lists and the Rainbow Greens.
T ...
, the party is now autonomous and often forms different alliances at the country-level (most recently with
Left Ecology Freedom
Left Ecology Freedom ( it, Sinistra Ecologia Libertà, SEL) was a democratic socialist political party in Italy whose bulk was formed by former members of the Communist Refoundation Party.
The party's leader was Nichi Vendola, a former Preside ...
,
Italian Left
Italian Left ( it, Sinistra Italiana, SI) is a left-wing political party in Italy. SI was launched in November 2015 as a parliamentary group in the Chamber of Deputies (full name: Italian Left – Left Ecology Freedom), including Left Ecology ...
and
Free and Equal, while the Italian Greens have sided with
Civil Revolution
Civil Revolution ( it, Rivoluzione Civile, RC) was a left-wing coalition of political parties in Italy.
The coalition was headed by Antonio Ingroia, a former anti-mafia
"Mafia" is an informal term that is used to describe criminal organiza ...
and the
Democratic Party Democratic Party most often refers to:
*Democratic Party (United States)
Democratic Party and similar terms may also refer to:
Active parties Africa
*Botswana Democratic Party
*Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea
*Gabonese Democratic Party
*Demo ...
), but both joined
Green Europe
Green Europe ( it, Europa Verde, EV), officially Green Europe – Greens (''Europa Verde – Verdi''), is a green political party in Italy. Its leaders are Angelo Bonelli, long-time leader of the former Federation of the Greens, and Eleonora Evi, ...
, a coalition of green parties for the
2019 European Parliament election.
The Greens are inter-ethnic and strive to improve relations between the three language groups of the Province:
Italian-,
German- and
Ladin-speakers. Since 2019 the party's spokespersons have been
Felix Wohlgemuth
Felix may refer to:
* Felix (name), people and fictional characters with the name
Places
* Arabia Felix is the ancient Latin name of Yemen
* Felix, Spain, a municipality of the province Almería, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, ...
and
Marlene Pernstich.
History
The Greens have their roots in the
New Left and the
environmental movement
The environmental movement (sometimes referred to as the ecology movement), also including conservation and green politics, is a diverse philosophical, social, and political movement for addressing environmental issues. Environmentalists a ...
s of the 1970s. They started to compete in elections in 1978, but were formally registered as a party only in 1996. From 1978 to 1996 they used different names:
New Left (
1978), Alternative List (
1983), Green Alternative List (
1988
File:1988 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The oil platform Piper Alpha explodes and collapses in the North Sea, killing 165 workers; The USS Vincennes (CG-49) mistakenly shoots down Iran Air Flight 655; Australia celebrates its Australian ...
) and finally Greens (since
1993).
Alexander Langer, founder and early leader of the party, committed suicide in 1995.
Other than in the
Landtag of South Tyrol
The Council of South Tyrol is the provincial council (german: Südtiroler Landtag; it, Consiglio della Provincia autonoma di Bolzano; lld, Cunsëi dla Provinzia autonoma de Bulsan) of the autonomous province of South Tyrol (Bolzano) in northe ...
since 1978, the party was successively represented in the
European Parliament
The European Parliament (EP) is one of the legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union (known as the Council and informally as the Council of Ministers), it adopts ...
by long-time activist Langer (1989–1995), mountaineer
Reinhold Messner
Reinhold Andreas Messner (; born 17 September 1944) is an Italian mountaineer, explorer, and author from South Tyrol. He made the first solo ascent of Mount Everest and, along with Peter Habeler, the first ascent of Everest without supplemental ...
(1999–2004) and theologian
Sepp Kusstatscher (2004–2009).
In the
2003 provincial election the party obtained 7.9% of the vote and three provincial councillors:
Cristina Kury, Kusstatscher (a former member of the
South Tyrolean People's Party
The South Tyrolean People's Party (german: Südtiroler Volkspartei, SVP) is a regionalist and autonomist political party in South Tyrol, an autonomous province with a German-speaking majority in northern Italy.
Founded on 8 May 1945, the SVP h ...
, SVP) and
Hans Heiss. In the
2004 European Parliament election, the Greens won 13.1% of the vote in the Province, their best result ever, and sent Kusstatscher to the
European Parliament
The European Parliament (EP) is one of the legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union (known as the Council and informally as the Council of Ministers), it adopts ...
, replacing Messner.
In the
2008 provincial election the Greens won only the 5.8% of the vote, losing votes (-2.1%) and one seat from 2003. The two elected Green councillors were Heiss and
Riccardo Dello Sbarba, who succeeded to Kusstatscher.
In the
2013 general election the Greens did not follow the national party into the
Civil Revolution
Civil Revolution ( it, Rivoluzione Civile, RC) was a left-wing coalition of political parties in Italy.
The coalition was headed by Antonio Ingroia, a former anti-mafia
"Mafia" is an informal term that is used to describe criminal organiza ...
alliance and decided instead to support
Left Ecology Freedom
Left Ecology Freedom ( it, Sinistra Ecologia Libertà, SEL) was a democratic socialist political party in Italy whose bulk was formed by former members of the Communist Refoundation Party.
The party's leader was Nichi Vendola, a former Preside ...
(SEL), whose regional slate included Green
Florian Kronbichler
Florian may refer to:
People
* Florian (name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name or surname
* Florian, Roman emperor in 276 AD
* Saint Florian (250 – c. 304 AD), patron saint of Poland and Upper Austria, al ...
, who was the first German-speaker to be elected not for the SVP.
In the
2013 provincial election the Greens won 8.7% of the vote (+2.9%), their record high in a provincial election, and sent three elects to the Provincial Council: Heiss, Dello Sbarba and
Brigitte Foppa. In the
2014 European Parliament election the Greens supported
The Other Europe
The Other Europe ( it, L'Altra Europa), whose full name was The Other Europe with Tsipras (''L'Altra Europa con Tsipras'', AET), was a left-wing political organisation in Italy. It took part in the 2014 European Parliament election in support of ...
, an electoral alliance launched by
Italian Left
Italian Left ( it, Sinistra Italiana, SI) is a left-wing political party in Italy. SI was launched in November 2015 as a parliamentary group in the Chamber of Deputies (full name: Italian Left – Left Ecology Freedom), including Left Ecology ...
(SI, successor of SEL) and other left-wing parties, but its candidate
Oktavia Brugger was not elected. In the 2015 municipal election in
Merano
Merano (, , ) or Meran () is a city and ''comune'' in South Tyrol, northern Italy. Generally best known for its spa resorts, it is located within a basin, surrounded by mountains standing up to above sea level, at the entrance to the Passeier V ...
, the second-largest South Tyrolean city, Green
Paul Rösch was elected mayor with 60.7% of the vote in the run-off: it was the first time that the Greens were to win a large municipality.
In the
2018 general election Kronbichler did not stand again and the Greens continued to join forces with SI within the
Free and Equal electoral list, with
Norbert Lantschner as its standard-bearer. Lantschner was not elected and the Greens lost their representation in Parliament.
In the
2018 provincial election the Greens won 6.8% of the vote (-1.9pp) and again sent three elected to the Provincial Council. In the
2019 European Parliament election the Greens joined the
Green Europe
Green Europe ( it, Europa Verde, EV), officially Green Europe – Greens (''Europa Verde – Verdi''), is a green political party in Italy. Its leaders are Angelo Bonelli, long-time leader of the former Federation of the Greens, and Eleonora Evi, ...
(EV) electoral list, with
Norbert Lantschner as their candidate, and obtained 8.7% of the vote. In November 2019 the party became a full member of the
European Green Party
The European Green Party (EGP), also referred to as European Greens, is the European political party that represents national parties from across Europe who share Green values. The European Greens works closely with the Greens–European Fre ...
.
In July 2022, at a convention in Rome, spokesperson
Marlene Pernstich participated in the launch event of
New Energies
The Greens and Left Alliance ( it, Alleanza Verdi e Sinistra, AVS), is a left-wing political alliance active in Italy, which was launched on 2 July 2022 as a federation of two political parties, Italian Left (SI) and Green Europe (EV).
The AVS is ...
, a joint list for the
next Italian general election formed by EV and SI.
Popular support
The Greens' best result in a provincial election was in
2013
File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment fact ...
, when the party won 8.7% of the vote. In that occasion, the Greens obtained their highest shares in five small municipalities:
Urtijëi
Urtijëi (; german: St. Ulrich in Gröden ; it, Ortisei ) is a town of 4,637 inhabitants in South Tyrol in northern Italy. It occupies the Val Gardena within the Dolomites, a mountain chain that is part of the Alps.
Geography
Urtijëi borders th ...
(13.9%),
Bronzolo
Bronzolo (; german: Branzoll ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about south of the city of Bolzano. It is one of only five mainly Italian speaking municipalities in South Tyrol.
Geography
As of 30 November ...
(13.7%),
Montan
Montan (; it, Montagna ) is a municipality with 1,701 inhabitants (as of 31 December 2018) in the South of South Tyrol in northern Italy, about south of Bolzano. The name Montan comes from the Latin ''mons'' ("mountain").
Geography
The munic ...
(12.8%),
Auer (12.4%) and
Glurns
Glurns (; it, Glorenza ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about northwest of Bolzano.
Geography
As of 30 November 2010, it had a population of 876 and an area of .All demographics and other statistics: I ...
(11.7%). Despite this, the party was usually stronger in cities than in rural areas: it did well in the three largest cities (11.4% in
Bolzano
Bolzano ( or ; german: Bozen, (formerly ); bar, Bozn; lld, Balsan or ) is the capital city of the province of South Tyrol in northern Italy. With a population of 108,245, Bolzano is also by far the largest city in South Tyrol and the third la ...
, 10.6% in
Merano
Merano (, , ) or Meran () is a city and ''comune'' in South Tyrol, northern Italy. Generally best known for its spa resorts, it is located within a basin, surrounded by mountains standing up to above sea level, at the entrance to the Passeier V ...
and 11.0% in
Brixen
Brixen (, ; it, Bressanone ; lld, Porsenù or ) is a town in South Tyrol, northern Italy, located about north of Bolzano.
Geography
First mentioned in 901, Brixen is the third largest city and oldest town in the province, and the artistic an ...
), while it did worse in the four most rural
districts
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
–
Vinschgau
The Vinschgau, Vintschgau () or Vinschgau Valley ( it, Val Venosta ; rm, Vnuost ; lld, Val Venuesta; medieval toponym: ''Finsgowe'') is the upper part of the Adige or Etsch river valley, in the western part of the province of South Tyrol, Italy. ...
(7.3%, despite Glurns),
Salten-Schlern (7.2%, despite Urtijëi),
Pustertal
The Puster Valley ( it, Val Pusteria ; german: Pustertal, ) is one of the largest longitudinal valleys in the Alps that runs in an east-west direction between Lienz in East Tyrol, Austria, and Mühlbach, South Tyrol, Mühlbach near Brixen in Sout ...
(6.9%, despite 11.6% in
Bruneck
Bruneck (; it, Brunico or Ladin: ''Bornech'' or ''Burnech''; la, Branecium or ''Brunopolis'' is the largest town in the Puster Valley in the Italian province of South Tyrol.
Geography
Bruneck rises up in the middle of a wide valley (perhaps ...
) and
Wipptal
The Wipp Valley (german: Wipptal) is an Alpine valley in Tyrol, Austria and in South Tyrol, Italy, running between Innsbruck and Franzensfeste. The Brenner Pass (1,374 m) at the Austro-Italian border divides it into the northern, Austrian Lower ...
(6.5%) – and in
Ladin
Ladin may refer to:
* Ladin language, a language in northern Italy, often classified as a Rhaeto-Romance language
*Ladin people, the inhabitants of the Dolomite Alps region of northern Italy
See also
*Laden (disambiguation)
* Ladino (disambigua ...
municipalities (5.9%, despite Urtijëi). Previous and subsequent elections showed similar patterns of the vote.
The electoral results of the Greens in South Tyrol since 1992 are shown in the table below.
Provincial Council
Leadership
Spokesperson:
Carlo Bertorelle (1996–1998),
Leander Moroder (1998–2006),
Franco Bernard (2006–2009),
Sepp Kusstatscher and
Brigitte Foppa (2009–2013),
Giorgio Zanvettor and
Brigitte Foppa (2014–2016),
Hans Heiss and
Brigitte Foppa (2016–2017),
Tobias Planer
Tobias is the transliteration of the Greek language, Greek which is a translation of the Hebrew biblical name he, טוֹבִיה, Toviyah, JahGod is good, label=none. With the biblical Book of Tobias being present in the Deuterocanon/Biblical ap ...
and
Brigitte Foppa (2017–2019),
Felix Wohlgemuth
Felix may refer to:
* Felix (name), people and fictional characters with the name
Places
* Arabia Felix is the ancient Latin name of Yemen
* Felix, Spain, a municipality of the province Almería, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, ...
and
Marlene Pernstich (2019–present)
References
Sources
Provincial Council of Bolzano – Historical ArchiveTrentino Alto-Adige Region – ElectionsCattaneo Institute – Archive of Election DataMinistry of the Interior – Historical Archive of ElectionsGünther Pallaver, ''Political parties in Alto Adige from 1945 to 2005''*Hermann Atz, ''Die Grünen Südtirols. Profil und Wählerbasis'', StudienVerlag,
Innsbruck
Innsbruck (; bar, Innschbruck, label=Bavarian language, Austro-Bavarian ) is the capital of Tyrol (state), Tyrol and the List of cities and towns in Austria, fifth-largest city in Austria. On the Inn (river), River Inn, at its junction with the ...
/
Vienna
en, Viennese
, iso_code = AT-9
, registration_plate = W
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code =
, timezone = CET
, utc_offset = +1
, timezone_DST ...
/
Bolzano
Bolzano ( or ; german: Bozen, (formerly ); bar, Bozn; lld, Balsan or ) is the capital city of the province of South Tyrol in northern Italy. With a population of 108,245, Bolzano is also by far the largest city in South Tyrol and the third la ...
2007, .
*Joachim Gatterer, ''"rote milben im gefieder". Sozialdemokratische, kommunistische und grün-alternative Parteipolitik in Südtirol'', StudienVerlag, Innsbruck/Vienna/Bolzano 2009,
External links
Official website
{{European Green Party
1996 establishments in Italy
Green political parties in Italy
Left-wing politics in Italy
Political parties established in 1996
Political parties in South Tyrol
Social democratic parties in Italy
Federation of the Greens