''Grapholita'' is a large
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
of
tortrix moth
The Tortricidae are a family of moths, commonly known as tortrix moths or leafroller moths, in the order Lepidoptera. This large family has over 11,000 species described, and is the sole member of the superfamily Tortricoidea, although the genus ...
s (
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
Tortricidae). It belongs to
subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the
tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confli ...
Grapholitini
Grapholitini is a tribe of tortrix moth
The Tortricidae are a family of moths, commonly known as tortrix moths or leafroller moths, in the order Lepidoptera. This large family has over 11,000 species described, and is the sole member of the s ...
, of which it is the
type genus
In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name.
Zoological nomenclature
According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearing type of a nominal ...
.
[Baixeras et al. (2009a)]
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich Treitschke
Georg Friedrich Treitschke (; 29 August 1776 – 4 June 1842) was a German librettist, translator and lepidopterist. He was born in Leipzig and died in Vienna.
In 1800 he came to the Vienna Hofoper. From 1809 to 1814 he was principal of the Vi ...
established ''Grapholita'' in 1829 – in the 7th volume of ''Schmetterlinge von Europa'', with a
type species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specime ...
he claimed to be "''Pyralis dorsana''", a
taxon
In biology, a taxon ( back-formation from '' taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular n ...
established by
Johan Christian Fabricius
Johan Christian Fabricius (7 January 1745 – 3 March 1808) was a Danish zoologist, specialising in "Insecta", which at that time included all arthropods: insects, arachnids, crustaceans and others. He was a student of Carl Linnaeus, and is co ...
in his 1775 ''Systema Entomologiae''. But Treitschke was misled by
Jacob Hübner's misidentification of Fabricius' moth.
The actual ''P. dorsana'' is today known as ''
Dichrorampha petiverella'', as it had already been described by
Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his Nobility#Ennoblement, ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalise ...
in his
1758 edition of ''
Systema Naturae'' as ''Phalaena'' (''Tinea'') ''petiverella''. The "''Pyralis dorsana''" of Hübner and Treitschke was subsequently identified as the species described as ''Tortrix lunulana'' by
Michael Denis
Johann Nepomuk Cosmas Michael Denis, also: ''Sined the Bard'', (27 September 1729 – 29 September 1800) was an Austrian Catholic priest and Jesuit, who is best known as a poet, bibliographer, and lepidopterist.
Life
Denis was born at Schärding ...
and
Ignaz Schiffermüller
Ignaz Schiffermüller (born 2 October 1727 in Hellmonsödt; died 21 June 1806 in Linz) was an Austrian naturalist mainly interested in Lepidoptera.
Schiffermüller was a teacher at the Theresianum College in Vienna. His collection was present ...
in 1775, which thus is today ''
Grapholita lunulana''.
Species
''Grapholita'' currently has 126 recognised
species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...
, though the genus' distinctness from and delimitation against ''
Cydia
Cydia is a graphical user interface of APT (Advanced Package Tool) for iOS. It enables a user to find and install software not authorized by Apple on jailbroken iPhones, iPads and iPod Touch devices. It also refers to digital distribution pl ...
'' is in need of further study:
[Baixeras et al. (2009b)]
* ''
Grapholita amictana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
(Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875)
* ''
Grapholita amphitorna
''Grapholita amphitorna'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.
The wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingt ...
''
(Turner, 1916)
* ''
Grapholita andabatana
''Grapholita andabatana'' is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It was described by Niels Laue Wolff in 1957. It is found in Denmark, France, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, Slovakia, Poland and Russia.
The wingspan is 10–12 mm. Adults are on ...
''
[Sometimes placed in '']Cydia
Cydia is a graphical user interface of APT (Advanced Package Tool) for iOS. It enables a user to find and install software not authorized by Apple on jailbroken iPhones, iPads and iPod Touch devices. It also refers to digital distribution pl ...
'': see e.g. references in Savela (2005a) (Wolff, 1957)
* ''
Grapholita angleseana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita antitheta''
(Meyrick, 1911)
* ''
Grapholita arcia''
Diakonoff, 1988
* ''
Grapholita arcuatana''
Kuznetzov, 1992
* ''
Grapholita astrapephora''
Diakonoff, 1976
* ''
Grapholita aureolana''
* ''
Grapholita auroscriptana''
Caradja, 1916
* ''
Grapholita bigeminata
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
(Meyrick in Caradja & Meyrick, 1935)
* ''
Grapholita biserialis
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
(Meyrick in Caradja & Meyrick, 1935)
* ''
Grapholita boulderana''
McDunnough, 1942
* ''
Grapholita caecana
''Grapholita caecana'' is a moth belonging to the family Tortricidae, first described by F. Schläger in 1847 and native to Eurasia
Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in t ...
''
* ''
Grapholita caeruleana''
Walsingham, 1879
* ''
Grapholita callisphena''
(Meyrick, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita caudicula''
Diakonoff, 1975
* ''
Grapholita cerasivora''
(Matsumura, 1917)
* ''
Grapholita chrysacrotoma''
Diakonoff, 1976
* ''
Grapholita comanticosta''
Kuznetzov, 1988
* ''
Grapholita compositella''
– clover seed moth
* ''
Grapholita conficitana''
(Walker, 1863)
* ''
Grapholita conversana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
Walsingham, 1879
* ''
Grapholita coronillana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
* ''
Grapholita cotoneastri''
Danilevsky in Danilevsky & Kuznetsov, 1968
* ''
Grapholita curviphalla
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
Liu & Yan, 1998
* ''
Grapholita cyanogona''
(Meyrick, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita dactyla''
Liu & Yan, 1998
* ''
Grapholita decolorana
''Grapholita decolorana'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from New South Wales
)
, nickname =
, image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg
, map_caption = Location of ...
''
Walker, 1863
* ''
Grapholita delineana''
* ''
Grapholita diaphorotorna''
Diakonoff, 1983
* ''
Grapholita difficilana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family (biology), family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe (biology), tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonom ...
''
* ''
Grapholita dilectabilis
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
Kuznetzov, 1972
* ''
Grapholita dimorpha
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
Komai, 1979
* ''
Grapholita discretana''
* ''
Grapholita dohrniana''
Zeller, 1863
* ''
Grapholita dyarana''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita dysaethria
''Grapholita dysaethria'' is a moth of the family Tortricidae first described by Alexey Diakonoff in 1982. It is found in Sri Lanka.
Description
Male and female moths are only slightly different. Males have a wingspan of . In males, the head is ...
''
Diakonoff, 1982
* ''
Grapholita eclipsana''
Zeller, 1875
* ''
Grapholita edwardsiana''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita endrosias''
(Meyrick, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita exigua''
Kuznetzov, 1972
* ''
Grapholita fana''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita fimana''
Snellen, 1883
* ''
Grapholita fissana
''Grapholita fissana'' is a species of moth belonging to the family Tortricidae
The Tortricidae are a family of moths, commonly known as tortrix moths or leafroller moths, in the order Lepidoptera. This large family has over 11,000 species de ...
''
* ''
Grapholita fistularis''
(Meyrick, 1928)
* ''
Grapholita floricolana''
(Meyrick, 1881)
* ''
Grapholita funebrana''
– plum fruit moth
* ''
Grapholita geministriata''
(Walsingham, 1900)
* ''
Grapholita gemmiferana
''Grapholita gemmiferana'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae.
Distribution
This species is present in most of Europe and in the Near East.
Description
''Grapholita gemmiferana'' has a wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a ...
''
* ''
Grapholita globella''
Liu & Yan, 1998
* ''
Grapholita globovalva
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
Liu & Yan, 1998
* ''
Grapholita glycyrrhizana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
* ''
Grapholita gypsothicta''
(Meyrick, 1938)
* ''
Grapholita hamatana''
Kennel, 1901
* ''
Grapholita heptatoma
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
Diakonoff, 1976
* ''
Grapholita hieroglyphana''
Blanchard & Knudson, 1984
* ''
Grapholita hyalitis''
(Meyrick, 1909)
* ''
Grapholita hylophanes
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
(Meyrick, 1928)
* ''
Grapholita hymenosa''
Razowski, 2013
* ''
Grapholita imitativa''
Heinrich, 1926
* ''
Grapholita inopinata''
Heinrich, 1928
* ''
Grapholita internana''
* ''
Grapholita interstinctana''
(Clemens, 1860)
* ''
Grapholita iridescens''
(Meyrick, 1881)
* ''
Grapholita isacma
''Grapholita isacma'' is a moth of the family Tortricidae first described by Edward Meyrick in 1907. It is found in Sri Lanka and India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of count ...
''
(Meyrick, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita janthinana
''Grapholita janthinana'', the hawthorn leafroller, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It was described by Philogène Auguste Joseph Duponchel in 1843. It is found in most of Europe, except most of the Balkan Peninsula, Ukraine, Lithuania and E ...
''
* ''
Grapholita jesonica''
(Matsumura, 1931)
* ''
Grapholita jucundata''
Kuznetzov, 1971
* ''
Grapholita junctistrigana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
(Walsingham, 1900)
* ''
Grapholita jungiella''
* ''
Grapholita komaii''
Rose & Pooni, 2003
* ''
Grapholita kurilana''
Kuznetzov, 1976
* ''
Grapholita lana''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Grapholita larseni''
* ''
Grapholita latens''
Kuznetzov, 1972
* ''
Grapholita latericia''
Komai, 1999
* ''
Grapholita lathyrana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
813
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
* June 22 – Battle of Versinikia: The Bulgars, led by Krum, ruler ('' khan'') of the Bulgarian Empire, defeat Emperor Michael I near Edirne (modern Turkey). The Byzantine army (26,000 men) ...
!-- "1826"? -->)
* ''
Grapholita libertina''
Heinrich, 1926
* ''
Grapholita limbata''
Diakonoff, 1969
* ''
Grapholita lobarzewskii
''Grapholita lobarzewskii'', the appleseed moth, small fruit tortrix or smaller fruit tortrix moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It was described by Maksymilian Nowicki in 1860. It is found in large parts of Europe, except Norway, Sweden, ...
''
* ''
Grapholita lunatana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
Walsingham, 1879
* ''
Grapholita lunulana''
* ''
Grapholita macrodrilus''
Diakonoff, 1984
* ''
Grapholita melicrossis
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
(Meyrick, 1932)
* ''
Grapholita mesoscia''
Diakonoff, 1969
* ''
Grapholita miranda
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
(Meyrick, 1911)
* ''
Grapholita molesta''
– Oriental fruit moth, peach moth
* ''
Grapholita namatophora
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
Diakonoff, 1976
* ''
Grapholita nebritana
''Grapholita nebritana'' is a species of moth belonging to the family Tortricidae
The Tortricidae are a family of moths, commonly known as tortrix moths or leafroller moths, in the order Lepidoptera. This large family has over 11,000 species ...
''
* ''
Grapholita nigrostriana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
* ''
Grapholita nucleana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875
* ''
Grapholita obliqua''
Diakonoff, 1982
* ''
Grapholita okui''
Komai, 1999
* ''
Grapholita omittana''
Kuznetzov, 1988
* ''
Grapholita optica''
(Meyrick, 1912)
* ''
Grapholita opulentica
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
Kuznetzov, 1992
* ''
Grapholita orbiapex''
Kuznetzov, 1988
* ''
Grapholita orobana''
* ''
Grapholita packardi''
Zeller, 1875
* ''
Grapholita pagenstecheri''
Bradley, 1961
* ''
Grapholita pallifrontana
''Grapholita pallifrontana'' is a moth species of the family (biology), family Tortricidae, subfamily Olethreutinae.
Distribution
It is found in most of Europe and the Near East.
Habitats
These moths live in grassland and scrub, preferably o ...
''
* ''
Grapholita parvisignana''
(Meyrick, 1881)
* ''
Grapholita patens''
Kuznetzov, 1971
* ''
Grapholita pavonana''
(Walsingham, 1900)
* ''
Grapholita prolopha''
(Meyrick, 1912)
* ''
Grapholita prunivora''
(Walsh, 1868)
* ''
Grapholita pycnograpta''
(Meyrick, 1936)
* ''
Grapholita rhabdotacra''
Diakonoff, 1969
* ''
Grapholita rosana''
Danilevsky in Danilevsky & Kuznetsov, 1968
* ''
Grapholita schizodelta''
Diakonoff, 1982
* ''
Grapholita scintillana''
Christoph, 1882
* ''
Grapholita seclusana''
(Walker, 1866)
* ''
Grapholita semifusca''
Kuznetzov in Danilevsky & Kuznetsov, 1968
* ''
Grapholita shadawana
''Grapholita'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.Baixeras et al. (2009a)
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich T ...
''
Liu & Chen, 2000
* ''
Grapholita siderocosma''
Diakonoff, 1978
* ''
Grapholita sporosema''
(Meyrick, 1922)
* ''
Grapholita steringus''
Diakonoff, 1983
* ''
Grapholita tenebrosana''
* ''
Grapholita tetrazancla''
(Turner, 1925)
* ''
Grapholita thermopsidis''
Eiseman & Austin, 2020
* ''
Grapholita tornosticha''
(Turner, 1946)
* ''
Grapholita torodetta''
(Meyrick, 1914)
* ''
Grapholita tricyanitis''
Dianokoff, 1976
* ''
Grapholita tristriatana''
Pagenstecher, 1900
* ''
Grapholita tristrigana
''Grapholita tristrigana'', the three-lined grapholita moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Missouri, New York, Ohi ...
''
(Clemens, 1865)
* ''
Grapholita valens''
Kuznetzov, 1988
* ''
Grapholita vitrana''
Walsingham, 1879
* ''
Grapholita yasudai''
Komai, 1999
* ''
Grapholita zapyrana''
(Meyrick, 1881)
* ''
Grapholita zariae''
Razowski, 2013
Synonyms
Obsolete
scientific names (
junior synonyms and others) of ''Grapholita'' are:
[Baixeras et al. (2009a), and see references in Savela (2005b)]
* ''Aspila''
Stephens, 1834
* ''Coptoloma''
Lederer, 1859
* ''Ebisma''
Walker, 1866
* ''Endopisa''
Guenée, 1845
* ''Endopsia''
(''lapsus
In philology, a lapsus (Latin for "lapse, slip, error") is an involuntary mistake made while writing or speaking.
Investigations
In 1895 an investigation into verbal slips was undertaken by a philologist and a psychologist, Rudolf Meringer and ...
'')
* ''Endopiza''
(''lapsus'')
* ''Ephippiophora''
(''lapsus'')
* ''Ephippiphora''
Duponchel, 1834
* ''Eudopisa''
(''lapsus'')
* ''Euspila''
Stephens, 1834
* ''Grapholitha''
Treitschke, 1830 (unjustified emendation)
* ''Grapholltha''
(''lapsus'')
* ''Opadia''
Guenée, 1845
* ''Stigmonota''
Guenée, 1845
Footnotes
References
* (2009a)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
Genus ''Grapholita'' account Version 1.3.1. Retrieved 20 January 2009.
* (2009b)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
''Grapholita'' species list Version 1.3.1. Retrieved 20 January 2009.
* (2009c)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
''Dichrorampha petiverella'' Version 1.3.1. Retrieved 19 April 2009.
* (2005a): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms &ndash
Version of 13 September 2005. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
* (2005b): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms &ndash
Version of 13 September 2005. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
* (1829):
enus ''Grapholita'' ''In: Die Schmetterlinge von Europa'' (Siebenter Band. Zünsler. G
nera''Herminia-Ennychia''.): 232. Gerhard Fleischer, Leipzig
Fulltextat the
Internet Archive
The Internet Archive is an American digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It provides free public access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, software applications/games, music, ...
{{Taxonbar , from=Q1354955
Grapholitini
Tortricidae genera
Taxa named by Georg Friedrich Treitschke