The Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria (german: Ehrenzeichen für Verdienste um die Republik Österreich) is a
state decoration
A state decoration is an object, such as a medal or the insignia of an Order (distinction), order, that is awarded by a sovereign state to honor the recipient. The term includes:
*Civil awards and decorations
*Military awards and decorations
See ...
of the
Republic of Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine States of Austria, states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, th ...
. It is divided into 15 classes and is the highest award in the
Austrian national honours system.
History
The Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria was first established by federal law on 4 November 1922. It initially had ten grades; later, it was expanded to sixteen grades. It was replaced in 1934 by the Austrian Order of Merit (''Österreichischer Verdienstorden'').
The modern iteration of the Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria was established by the
National Council in 1952.
It is conferred by the Republic of Austria to honour people (from Austria and abroad) who have rendered meritorious services to the country. Recipients are selected by the government. The awards are made by the
President
President most commonly refers to:
*President (corporate title)
*President (education), a leader of a college or university
*President (government title)
President may also refer to:
Automobiles
* Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
in accordance with the respective laws.
The
State President of Austria automatically receives the "Grand Star of the Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria" by being elected to the office and holds this honour for life. This decoration should not be confused with other decorations in the Austrian honours system, such as the
Austrian Decoration for Science and Art
The Austrian Decoration for Science and Art (german: Österreichisches Ehrenzeichen für Wissenschaft und Kunst) is a state decoration of the Republic of Austria and forms part of the Austrian national honours system.
History
The "Austrian D ...
.
Classes
The Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria is divided into 15 classes, as follows:
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 1st Class BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_1st_Class_BAR.png)
Grand Star (''Gross-Stern'')
[Hofburg]
Decoration (English)
Ehrenzeichen (German).
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 2nd Class BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_2nd_Class_BAR.png)
Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash (''Grosses Goldenes Ehrenzeichen am Bande'')
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 3rd Class BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_3rd_Class_BAR.png)
Grand Decoration of Honour in Silver with Sash (''Grosses Silbernes Ehrenzeichen am Bande'')
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 4th Class BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_4th_Class_BAR.png)
Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Star (''Grosses Goldenes Ehrenzeichen mit Stern'')
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 5th Class BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_5th_Class_BAR.png)
Grand Decoration of Honour in Silver with Star (''Grosses Silbernes Ehrenzeichen mit Stern'')
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 6th Class BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_6th_Class_BAR.png)
Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold (''Grosses Goldenes Ehrenzeichen'')
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 7th Class BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_7th_Class_BAR.png)
Grand Decoration of Honour in Silver (''Grosses Silbernes Ehrenzeichen'')
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 8th Class BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_8th_Class_BAR.png)
Grand Decoration of Honour (''Grosses Ehrenzeichen'')
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 9th Class BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_9th_Class_BAR.png)
Decoration of Honour in Gold (''Goldenes Ehrenzeichen'')
[Hofburg]
Ehrenzeichen (German).
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 10th Class BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_10th_Class_BAR.png)
Decoration of Honour in Silver (''Silbernes Ehrenzeichen'')
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 11th Class BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_11th_Class_BAR.png)
Decoration of Merit in Gold (''Goldenes Verdienstzeichen'')
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 12th Class BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_12th_Class_BAR.png)
Decoration of Merit in Silver (''Silbernes Verdienstzeichen'')
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - Life Saving Medal BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_Life_Saving_Medal_BAR.png)
Gold Medal (''Goldene Medaille'')
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - Silver Medal BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_Silver_Medal_BAR.png)
Silver Medal (''Silberne Medaille'')
#
![AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - Bronze Medal BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/AUT_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria_-_Bronze_Medal_BAR.png)
Bronze Medal (''Bronzene Medaille''), no longer awarded
The "Gold Medal for Services to the Republic of Austria" may also be conferred as "Gold Medal ''with Red Riband''" awarded for bravery and lifesaving.
Notable recipients
''See also
''
Below is a list of all Grand Star recipients and other notable recipients, in chronological order with year of award in parentheses:.
Grand Star recipients
Royal Houses
*
Pakubowono X,
Susuhunan of Surakarta
Susuhunan, or in short version Sunan, is a title used by the monarchs of Mataram and then by the hereditary rulers of Surakarta, Indonesia.
Additionally in Bali and Yogyakarta, so-called " Kings of kings" reigned with this title, while their k ...
from 1893 to 1939 (1926)
*
Hussein bin Talal
Hussein bin Talal ( ar, الحسين بن طلال, ''Al-Ḥusayn ibn Ṭalāl''; 14 November 1935 – 7 February 1999) was King of Jordan from 11 August 1952 until his death in 1999. As a member of the Hashemite dynasty, the royal family of ...
,
King of Jordan
The king of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is Jordan's head of state and monarch. He serves as the head of the Jordanian monarchy—the Hashemite dynasty. The king is addressed as His Majesty ().
Jordan is a constitutional monarchy. However, ...
from 1952 to 1999 (1976)
*
Haile Selassie
Haile Selassie I ( gez, ቀዳማዊ ኀይለ ሥላሴ, Qädamawi Häylä Səllasé, ; born Tafari Makonnen; 23 July 189227 August 1975) was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974. He rose to power as Regent Plenipotentiary of Ethiopia (' ...
,
Emperor of Ethiopia
The emperor of Ethiopia ( gez, ንጉሠ ነገሥት, nəgusä nägäst, "King of Kings"), also known as the Atse ( am, ዐፄ, "emperor"), was the hereditary monarchy, hereditary ruler of the Ethiopian Empire, from at least the 13th century ...
from 1930 to 1974 (1954)
*
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
, title = Shahanshah Aryamehr Bozorg Arteshtaran
, image = File:Shah_fullsize.jpg
, caption = Shah in 1973
, succession = Shah of Iran
, reign = 16 September 1941 – 11 February 1979
, coronation = 26 October ...
,
Emperor of Iran from 1941 to 1979 (1958)
*
Empress Farah
Farah Pahlavi ( fa, فرح پهلوی, née Farah Diba ( fa, فرح دیبا, label=none); born 14 October 1938) is the widow of the last Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and was successively Queen and Empress (''Shahbanu'') of Iran from 1 ...
,
Empress Consort of Iran from 1959 to 1979 (1965)
*
Albert II,
King of the Belgians
Belgium is a constitutional, hereditary, and popular monarchy. The monarch is titled king or queen of the Belgians ( nl, Koning(in) der Belgen, french: Roi / Reine des Belges}, german: König(in) der Belgier) and serves as the country's h ...
from 1993 to 2013 now former King (1958)
*
Queen Paola of Belgium
Paola (born Donna Paola Ruffo di Calabria;AlthougThe Belgian Monarchy websiteattributes the title of "Princess" to Queen Paola prior to marriage, Burke's Peerage 1973, The Descendants of Louis XIII 1999, ''Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels'' 200 ...
,
Queen of the Belgians
The wives of Belgian monarchs have all been titled Queen and styled Majesty, with the exception of Leopold III of Belgium's second wife Mary Lilian Baels, who was titled Princess of Belgium and Princess de Rethy, Princess of Réthy. All Belgian mo ...
from 1993 to 2013 now former Queen (1997)
*
Bhumibol Adulyadej
Bhumibol Adulyadej ( th, ภูมิพลอดุลยเดช; ; ; (Sanskrit: ''bhūmi·bala atulya·teja'' - "might of the land, unparalleled brilliance"); 5 December 192713 October 2016), conferred with the title King Bhumibol the Great ...
,
King of Thailand
The monarchy of Thailand (whose monarch is referred to as the king of Thailand; th, พระมหากษัตริย์ไทย, or historically, king of Siam; th, พระมหากษัตริย์สยาม) refers to the c ...
from 1946 to 2016 (1964)
*
Sirikit
Queen Sirikit ( th, สิริกิติ์; ; ); born ''Mom Rajawongse'' Sirikit Kitiyakara ( th, สิริกิติ์ กิติยากร; ; 12 August 1932) is the queen mother of Thailand. She was List of Thai royal consorts, ...
,
Queen of Thailand from 1950 to 2016 (1964)
*
Elizabeth II
Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 1926 – 8 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until her death in 2022. She was queen regnant of 32 sovereign states during ...
,
Queen of the United Kingdom
The monarchy of the United Kingdom, commonly referred to as the British monarchy, is the constitutional form of government by which a hereditary sovereign reigns as the head of state of the United Kingdom, the Crown Dependencies (the Bailiwi ...
and other
Commonwealth Realm
A Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state in the Commonwealth of Nations whose monarch and head of state is shared among the other realms. Each realm functions as an independent state, equal with the other realms and nations of the Commonwealt ...
s since 1952 (1966)
*
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (born Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark, later Philip Mountbatten; 10 June 1921 – 9 April 2021) was the husband of Queen Elizabeth II. As such, he served as the consort of the British monarch from El ...
consort of
Elizabeth II
Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 1926 – 8 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until her death in 2022. She was queen regnant of 32 sovereign states during ...
from 1952 to 2021 (1966)
*
Olav V
Olav V (; born Prince Alexander of Denmark; 2 July 1903 – 17 January 1991) was the King of Norway from 1957 until his death in 1991.
Olav was the only child of King Haakon VII of Norway and Maud of Wales. He became heir apparent to the Norw ...
,
King of Norway
The Norwegian monarch is the head of state of Norway, which is a constitutional and hereditary monarchy with a parliamentary system. The Norwegian monarchy can trace its line back to the reign of Harald Fairhair and the previous petty kingdoms ...
from 1957 to 1991 (1966)
*
Akihito
is a member of the Imperial House of Japan who reigned as the 125th emperor of Japan from 7 January 1989 until his abdication on 30 April 2019. He presided over the Heisei era, ''Heisei'' being an expression of achieving peace worldwide.
Bo ...
,
Emperor of Japan
The Emperor of Japan is the monarch and the head of the Imperial House of Japan, Imperial Family of Japan. Under the Constitution of Japan, he is defined as the symbol of the Japanese state and the unity of the Japanese people, and his positio ...
from 1989 to 2019 (1999)
*
Empress Michiko
is a member of the Imperial House of Japan who served as the Empress of Japan, Empress consort of Japan as the wife of Akihito, the 125th Emperor of Japan reigning from 7 January 1989 to 30 April 2019.
Michiko married Crown Prince Akihito an ...
,
Japanese empress consort from 1989 to 2019 (1999)
*
Qaboos bin Said al Said
Qaboos bin Said Al Said ( ar, قابوس بن سعيد آل سعيد, ; 18 November 1940 – 10 January 2020) was Sultan of Oman from 23 July 1970 until his death in 2020. A fifteenth-generation descendant of the founder of the House of Al Said, ...
,
Sultan of Oman
The sultan of the Sultanate of Oman is the monarchical head of state and head of government of Oman. It is the most powerful position in the country. The sultans of Oman are members of the Busaid dynasty, which has been the ruling family of O ...
from 1970 to 2020 (2001)
*
Margrethe II of Denmark
Margrethe II (; Margrethe Alexandrine Þórhildur Ingrid, born 16 April 1940) is Queen of Denmark. Having reigned as Denmark's monarch for over 50 years, she is Europe's longest-serving current head of state and the world's only incumbent femal ...
,
Queen of Denmark
The monarchy of Denmark is a constitutional institution and a historic office of the Kingdom of Denmark. The Kingdom includes Denmark proper and the autonomous territories of the Faroe Islands and Greenland. The Kingdom of Denmark was a ...
since 1972 (1964)
*
Carl XVI Gustaf
Carl XVI Gustaf (Carl Gustaf Folke Hubertus; born 30 April 1946) is King of Sweden. He ascended the throne on the death of his grandfather, Gustaf VI Adolf, on 15 September 1973.
He is the youngest child and only son of Prince Gustaf Adolf, Du ...
,
King of Sweden
The monarchy of Sweden is the monarchical head of state of Sweden,See the Instrument of Government, Chapter 1, Article 5. which is a constitutional and hereditary monarchy with a parliamentary system.Parliamentary system: see the Instrument o ...
since 1973 (1967)
*
Queen Silvia of Sweden
Queen or QUEEN may refer to:
Monarchy
* Queen regnant, a female monarch of a Kingdom
** List of queens regnant
* Queen consort, the wife of a reigning king
* Queen dowager, the widow of a king
* Queen mother, a queen dowager who is the mothe ...
, Queen of Sweden since 1976 (1979)
*
Azlan Shah,
Sultan of Perak
The Sultan of Perak (سلطان ڤيراق) is one of the oldest hereditary seats among the Malay states.
When the Sultanate of Malacca empire fell to Portugal in 1511, Sultan Mahmud Syah I retreated to Kampar, Sumatra, and died there in ...
from 1984 to 2014 and
Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia from 1989 to 1994
*
Hassan II Hassan, Hasan, Hassane, Haasana, Hassaan, Asan, Hassun, Hasun, Hassen, Hasson or Hasani may refer to:
People
*Hassan (given name), Arabic given name and a list of people with that given name
*Hassan (surname), Arabic, Jewish, Irish, and Scottis ...
,
King of Morocco
This is the list of rulers of Morocco, since the establishment of the state in 789. The common and formal titles of these rulers has varied, depending on the time period. Since 1957, the designation King has been used.
The present King of Moroc ...
from 1961 to 1999
*
Harald V
Harald V ( no, Harald den femte, ; born 21 February 1937) is King of Norway. He acceded to the throne on 17 January 1991.
Harald was the third child and only son of King Olav V of Norway and Princess Märtha of Sweden. He was second in the lin ...
, King of Norway since 1991
*
Queen Sonja of Norway
Sonja (born Sonja Haraldsen on 4 July 1937) is Queen of Norway since 17 January 1991 as the wife of King Harald V.
Sonja and the then Crown Prince Harald had dated for nine years prior to their marriage in 1968. They had kept their relations ...
, Queen of Norway since 1991 (1978)
*
Abdullah II
Abdullah II bin Al-Hussein ( ar, عبدالله الثاني بن الحسين , translit=ʿAbd Allāh aṯ-ṯānī ibn al-Ḥusayn; born 30 January 1962) is King of Jordan, having ascended the throne on 7 February 1999. He is a member of t ...
,
King of Jordan
The king of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is Jordan's head of state and monarch. He serves as the head of the Jordanian monarchy—the Hashemite dynasty. The king is addressed as His Majesty ().
Jordan is a constitutional monarchy. However, ...
since 1999 (2001)
*
Queen Rania of Jordan
Rania Al-Abdullah ( ar, رانيا العبد الله, ; born Rania Al-Yassin, 31 August 1970) is Queen of Jordan as the wife of King Abdullah II.
Rania was born in Kuwait to Palestinian parents. She received her bachelor's degree in busi ...
since 1999 (2001)
*
Princess Anne
Anne, Princess Royal (Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise; born 15 August 1950), is a member of the British royal family. She is the second child and only daughter of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and the only sister of K ...
,
Princess Royal
Princess Royal is a substantive title, style customarily (but not automatically) awarded by a United Kingdom, British monarch to their eldest daughter. Although purely honorary, it is the highest honour that may be given to a female member of th ...
(1969)
*
Hans-Adam II
Hans-Adam II (Johannes Adam Ferdinand Alois Josef Maria Marco d'Aviano Pius; born 14 February 1945) is the reigning Prince of Liechtenstein, since 1989. He is the son of Prince Franz Joseph II and his wife, Countess Georgina von Wilczek. He al ...
,
Prince of Liechtenstein
The prince regnant of Liechtenstein (german: Fürst von und zu Liechtenstein) is the monarch and head of state of Liechtenstein.Principality of Liechtenstein Family - Die fürstliche Familie (in German) The Liechtenstein family, after which t ...
since 1989 (1991)
*
Princess Marie,
Princess consort of Liechtenstein
Princess consort of Liechtenstein
House of Liechtenstein
Notes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Princess Of Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein princesses
History of Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein (), officially the Principality of Liechten ...
since 1989 to 2021 (2004)
*
Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
Henri (french: Henri Albert Gabriel Félix Marie Guillaume, ; born 16 April 1955) is the Grand Duke of Luxembourg. He has reigned since 7 October 2000. Henri, the eldest son of Grand Duke Jean and Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium, is a f ...
,
Grand Duke of Luxembourg
The Grand Duke of Luxembourg ( lb, Groussherzog vu Lëtzebuerg, french: Grand-duc de Luxembourg, german: Großherzog von Luxemburg) is the monarchical head of state of Luxembourg. Luxembourg has been a grand duchy since 15 March 1815, when it w ...
from 2000 (2013)
*
Maria Teresa, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
Maria Teresa (born María Teresa Mestre y Batista; 22 March 1956) is the Grand Duchess of Luxembourg as the wife of Grand Duke Henri, who acceded to the throne in 2000.
Early life and education
Maria Teresa was born on 22 March 1956 in Mariana ...
, from 2000 (2013)
*
Juan Carlos I of Spain
Juan Carlos I (;,
* ca, Joan Carles I,
* gl, Xoán Carlos I, Juan Carlos Alfonso Víctor María de Borbón y Borbón-Dos Sicilias, born 5 January 1938) is a member of the Spanish royal family who reigned as King of Spain from 22 Nov ...
,
King of Spain
, coatofarms = File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg
, coatofarms_article = Coat of arms of the King of Spain
, image = Felipe_VI_in_2020_(cropped).jpg
, incumbent = Felipe VI
, incumbentsince = 19 Ju ...
from 1975 to 2014 now former King (1978)
*
Queen Sofía of Spain
Sofía of Greece and Denmark ( el, Σοφία; born 2 November 1938) is a member of the Spanish royal family who was List of Spanish royal consorts, Queen of Spain from 1975 to 2014 as the wife of King Juan Carlos I. She is the first child of ...
,
Queen of Spain
, coatofarms = File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg
, coatofarms_article = Coat of arms of the King of Spain
, image = Felipe_VI_in_2020_(cropped).jpg
, incumbent = Felipe VI
, incumbentsince = 19 Ju ...
from 1975 to 2014 now former Queen (1978)
*
Philippe of Belgium
french: Philippe Léopold Louis Mariegerman: Philipp Leopold Ludwig Maria
, house = Belgium
, father = Albert II of Belgium
, mother = Paola Ruffo di Calabria
, birth_date =
, birth_place = Belvédère Castle, Laeken, B ...
,
King of the Belgians
Belgium is a constitutional, hereditary, and popular monarchy. The monarch is titled king or queen of the Belgians ( nl, Koning(in) der Belgen, french: Roi / Reine des Belges}, german: König(in) der Belgier) and serves as the country's h ...
since 2013 (2022)
*
Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands
Willem-Alexander (; Willem-Alexander Claus George Ferdinand; born ) is King of the Netherlands, having acceded to the throne following Beatrix of the Netherlands, his mother's abdication in 2013.
Willem-Alexander was born in Utrecht as the old ...
,
King of the Netherlands
King of The Netherlands (Dutch language, Dutch: ''Koning der Nederlanden'') is the title of the Dutch head of state. The king serves as the Head of state, head of state of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which includes the constituent nations of ...
since 2013 (2022)
*
Queen Máxima of the Netherlands
Máxima (born Máxima Zorreguieta Cerruti; 17 May 1971) is Queen of the Netherlands as the wife of King Willem-Alexander.
Argentine by birth, she worked in marketing when she met Willem-Alexander, eldest son and heir apparent of Queen Beatrix, ...
,
Queen of the Netherlands
The monarchy of the Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy. As such, the role and position of the monarch are governed by the Constitution of the Netherlands. Consequently, a large portion of it is devoted to the monarch. Roughly a third of ...
since 2013 (2022)
Politicians
*
Tassos Papadopoulos
Efstathios "Tassos" Nikolaou Papadopoulos ( el, Ευστάθιος (Τάσσος) Νικολάου Παπαδόπουλος; 7 January 1934 – 12 December 2008) was a Cypriot politician and barrister who served as the fifth president of Cyp ...
, Former
President
President most commonly refers to:
*President (corporate title)
*President (education), a leader of a college or university
*President (government title)
President may also refer to:
Automobiles
* Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
of the
Republic of Cyprus
Cyprus ; tr, Kıbrıs (), officially the Republic of Cyprus,, , lit: Republic of Cyprus is an island country located south of the Anatolian Peninsula in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Its continental position is disputed; while it is geo ...
from 2003 - 2008
*
Adolf Schärf
Adolf Schärf (; 20 April 1890 – 28 February 1965) was an Austrian politician of the Socialist Party of Austria (SPÖ). He served as Vice-Chancellor from 1945 to 1957 and as President of Austria from 1957 until his death.
Life
Schärf was bor ...
,
President of Austria
The president of Austria (german: Bundespräsident der Republik Österreich) is the head of state of the Republic of Austria. Though theoretically entrusted with great power by the Constitution, in practice the president is largely a ceremonial ...
from 1957 to 1965 (1957)
*
Franz Jonas
Franz Josef Jonas (4 October 1899 – 24 April 1974) was an Austrian politician who served as the President of Austria between 1965 and 1974.
He was a typesetter by profession and a member of the Social Democratic Party of Austria. After World ...
, President of Austria from 1965 to 1974 (1965)
*
Josip Broz Tito
Josip Broz ( sh-Cyrl, Јосип Броз, ; 7 May 1892 – 4 May 1980), commonly known as Tito (; sh-Cyrl, Тито, links=no, ), was a Yugoslav communist revolutionary and statesman, serving in various positions from 1943 until his deat ...
,
President of Yugoslavia
The president of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, or the president of the Republic for short, was the head of state of that country from 14 January 1953 to 4 May 1980. Josip Broz Tito was the only person to occupy the office. Tito ...
from 1953 to 1980 (1965)
*
Suharto
Suharto (; ; 8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian army officer and politician, who served as the second and the longest serving president of Indonesia. Widely regarded as a military dictator by international observers, Suharto ...
,
President of Indonesia
The President of the Republic of Indonesia ( id, Presiden Republik Indonesia) is both the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Indonesia. The president leads the executive branch of the Indonesian government and is ...
from 1968 to 1998 (1973)
*
Siti Hartinah
Raden Ayu Siti Hartinah (23 August 1923 – 28 April 1996), also known as Siti Hartinah Soeharto or Tien Soeharto, was the First Lady of Indonesia from 1967 until 1996. She was the wife of second Indonesian president, Suharto.
Known as Ibu T ...
,
First Lady of Indonesia
Throughout Indonesian history, the title of First Lady ( id, Ibu Negara) or, in an instance, First Gentleman ( id, Bapak Negara) has been used to refer to the wife or husband of the president of Indonesia. While the Constitution of Indonesia does ...
from 1968 to 1996 (1973)
*
Rudolf Kirchschläger
Rudolf Kirchschläger, GColIH (; 20 March 1915 – 30 March 2000) was an Austrian diplomat, politician and judge. From 1974 to 1986, he served as President of Austria.
Early life and education
Born in Niederkappel, Upper Austria, Kirschlä ...
, President of Austria from 1974 to 1986 (1974)
*
Kurt Waldheim
Kurt Josef Waldheim (; 21 December 1918 – 14 June 2007) was an Austrian politician and diplomat. Waldheim was the Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1972 to 1981 and president of Austria from 1986 to 1992. While he was running for th ...
,
Secretary-General of the United Nations
The secretary-general of the United Nations (UNSG or SG) is the chief administrative officer of the United Nations and head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations.
The role of the secretary-g ...
from 1972 to 1981, and President of Austria from 1986 to 1992 (1974)
*
Thomas Klestil
Thomas Klestil (; 4 November 1932 – 6 July 2004) was an Austrian diplomat and politician who served as President of Austria from 1992 to his death in 2004. He was elected in 1992 and re-elected into office in 1998.
Biography until 1992
Bor ...
, President of Austria between 1992 and 2004 (1992)
*
Emil Constantinescu
Emil Constantinescu () (born 19 November 1939) is a Romanian professor and politician, who served as the President of Romania, from 1996 to 2000.
After the Romanian Revolution of 1989, Constantinescu became a founding member and vice president ...
,
President of Romania
The president of Romania ( ro, Președintele României) is the head of state of Romania. Following a modification to the Constitution of Romania, Romanian Constitution in 2003, the president is directly elected by a two-round system and serves ...
from 1996 to 2000 (1999)
*
Árpád Göncz
Árpád Göncz (; 10 February 1922 – 6 October 2015) was a Hungarian writer, translator, agronomist, and liberal politician who served as President of Hungary from 2 May 1990 to 4 August 2000. Göncz played a role in the Hungarian Revolution ...
,
President of Hungary
The president of Hungary, officially the president of the republicUnder the Basic Law, adopted in 2011, the official name of the state is simply Hungary; Before, the state was called the Republic of Hungary. However, the office is nonetheles ...
from 1990 to 2000 (1999)
*
Konstantinos Stefanopoulos,
President of Greece
The president of Greece, officially the President of the Hellenic Republic ( el, Πρόεδρος της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, Próedros tis Ellinikís Dimokratías), commonly referred to in Greek as the President of the Rep ...
from 1995 to 2005 (1999)
*
Petar Stoyanov
Petar Stefanov Stojanov ( bg, Петър Стефанов Стоянов ; born 25 May 1952) is a Bulgarian politician who was President of Bulgaria from 1997 to 2002. He was elected as a candidate of the Union of Democratic Forces (UDF). He di ...
,
President of Bulgaria
The president of the Republic of Bulgaria is the head of state
A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona who officially embodies a state Foakes, pp. 110–11 " he head of statebeing an embodiment of the State itself or ...
from 1997 to 2002 (1999)
*
Nursultan Nazarbayev
Nursultan Abishuly Nazarbayev ( kk, Нұрсұлтан Әбішұлы Назарбаев, Nūrsūltan Äbişūlı Nazarbaev, ; born 6 July 1940) is a Kazakh politician and military officer who served as the first President of Kazakhstan, in off ...
,
President of Kazakhstan
The president of the Republic of Kazakhstan ( kk, Қазақстан Республикасының Президенті, Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Prezidentı; russian: Президент Республики Казахстан, Prezident Respu ...
from 1990 to 2019 (2000)
*
Stjepan Mesić
Stjepan "Stipe" Mesić (; born 24 December 1934) is a Croatian lawyer and politician who served as President of Croatia from 2000 to 2010. Before serving two five-year terms as president, he was prime minister of SR Croatia (1990) after the fir ...
, President of Yugoslavia in 1991, and
President of Croatia
The president of Croatia, officially the President of the Republic of Croatia ( hr, Predsjednik Republike Hrvatske), is the head of state, commander-in-chief of the military and chief representative of the Republic of Croatia both within the ...
from 2000 to 2010 (2001)
*
Carlo Azeglio Ciampi
Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (; 9 December 1920 – 16 September 2016) was an Italian politician and banker who was the prime minister of Italy from 1993 to 1994 and the president of Italy from 1999 to 2006.
Biography Education
Ciampi was born i ...
,
President of Italy
The president of Italy, officially denoted as president of the Italian Republic ( it, Presidente della Repubblica Italiana) is the head of state of Italy. In that role, the president represents national unity, and guarantees that Italian poli ...
from 1999 to 2006 (2002)
*
Jorge Sampaio
Jorge Fernando Branco de Sampaio (; 18 September 1939 – 10 September 2021) was a Portuguese lawyer and politician who was the 18th president of Portugal from 1996 to 2006. A member of the Socialist Party, a party which he led between 1989 an ...
,
President of Portugal
The president of Portugal, officially the president of the Portuguese Republic ( pt, Presidente da República Portuguesa, ), is the head of state and highest office of Portugal.
The powers, functions and duties of prior presidential offices, an ...
from 1996 to 2006 (2002)
*
Abdelaziz Bouteflika
Abdelaziz Bouteflika (; ar, عبد العزيز بوتفليقة, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Būtaflīqa ; 2 March 1937 – 17 September 2021) was an Algerian politician and diplomat who served as President of Algeria from 1999 to his resignation in 2019 ...
,
President of Algeria
The president of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria is the head of state and chief executive of Algeria, as well as the commander-in-chief of the Algerian People's National Armed Forces.
History of the office
The Tripoli Program, whi ...
from 1999 to 2019 (2003)
*
Heinz Fischer
Heinz Fischer GColIH OMRI RSerafO GCollSE (; born 9 October 1938) is a former Austrian politician. He took office as President of Austria on 8 July 2004 and was re-elected for a second and last term on 25 April 2010, leaving office on 8 July 2 ...
, President of Austria from 2004 to 2016 (2004)
*
Giorgio Napolitano
Giorgio Napolitano (; born 29 June 1925) is an Italian politician who served as president of Italy from 2006 to 2015, the first Italian president to be re-elected to the presidency. Due to his dominant position in Italian politics, some critics ...
,
President of Italy
The president of Italy, officially denoted as president of the Italian Republic ( it, Presidente della Repubblica Italiana) is the head of state of Italy. In that role, the president represents national unity, and guarantees that Italian poli ...
from 2006 to 2015 (2007)
*
Jacques Chirac
Jacques René Chirac (, , ; 29 November 193226 September 2019) was a French politician who served as President of France from 1995 to 2007. Chirac was previously Prime Minister of France from 1974 to 1976 and from 1986 to 1988, as well as Ma ...
,
President of France
The president of France, officially the president of the French Republic (french: Président de la République française), is the executive head of state of France, and the commander-in-chief of the French Armed Forces. As the presidency i ...
from 1995 to 2007
*
Ferdinand Marcos
Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos Sr. ( , , ; September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was a Filipino politician, lawyer, dictator, and kleptocrat who was the 10th president of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. He ruled under martial ...
,
President of the Philippines
The president of the Philippines ( fil, Pangulo ng Pilipinas, sometimes referred to as ''Presidente ng Pilipinas'') is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of t ...
from 1965 to 1986
*
Sauli Niinistö
Sauli Väinämö Niinistö (; born 24 August 1948) is a Finnish politician who has served as president of Finland since March 2012, the 12th person to hold that office.
A lawyer by education, Niinistö was Chairman of the National Coalition Part ...
,
President of Finland
The president of the Republic of Finland ( fi, Suomen tasavallan presidentti; sv, Republiken Finlands president) is the head of state of Finland. Under the Constitution of Finland, executive power is vested in the Finnish Government and the p ...
from 2012 (2016)
*
Alexander Van der Bellen
Alexander Van der Bellen (; born 18 January 1944) is the current president of Austria. He previously served as a professor of economics at the University of Vienna, and after joining politics, as the spokesman of the Austrian Green Party.
...
, President of Austria from 2017 to present (2017)
*
Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
Marcelo Nuno Duarte Rebelo de Sousa (; born 12 December 1948) is a Portuguese politician and academic. He is the List of presidents of Portugal, 20th and current president of Portugal, since 9 March 2016. He is a member of the Social Democrati ...
,
President of Portugal
The president of Portugal, officially the president of the Portuguese Republic ( pt, Presidente da República Portuguesa, ), is the head of state and highest office of Portugal.
The powers, functions and duties of prior presidential offices, an ...
from 2016 (2019)
*
Sergio Mattarella
Sergio Mattarella (; born 23 July 1941) is an Italian politician, jurist, academic and lawyer who has served as the president of Italy since 2015.
A Christian leftist politician, Mattarella was a leading member of the Christian Democracy par ...
,
President of Italy
The president of Italy, officially denoted as president of the Italian Republic ( it, Presidente della Repubblica Italiana) is the head of state of Italy. In that role, the president represents national unity, and guarantees that Italian poli ...
from 2015 (2019)
*
Kersti Kaljulaid
Kersti Kaljulaid (; born 30 December 1969) is an Estonian politician who served as the fifth president of Estonia between 2016 and 2021. She was also the first and only female head of state of Estonia since the country declared independence in ...
,
President of Estonia
The president of the Republic of Estonia ( et, Eesti Vabariigi President) is the head of state of the Republic of Estonia. The current president is Alar Karis, elected by Parliament on 31 August 2021, replacing Kersti Kaljulaid.
Estonia is ...
from 2016 to 2021 (2021)
*
Moon Jae-in
Moon Jae-in (; ; born 24 January 1953) is a South Korean former politician, civil servant and lawyer who served as the 12th president of South Korea between 2017 and 2022. Prior to his presidency, he served as Senior Secretary for Civil Affairs an ...
,
President of South Korea
The president of the Republic of Korea (), also known as the president of South Korea (often abbreviated to POTROK or POSK; ), is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Korea. The president leads the State Council, and is ...
from 2017 to 2022 (2021)
*
Borut Pahor
Borut Pahor (; born 2 November 1963) is a Slovenian politician who served as President of Slovenia from 2012 to 2022. He previously served as Prime Minister of Slovenia from November 2008 to February 2012.
A longtime member and former presid ...
,
President of Slovenia
The president of Slovenia, officially the president of the Republic of Slovenia ( sl, Predsednik Republike Slovenije), is the head of state of the Republic of Slovenia. The position was established on 23 December 1991 when the National Assembly (S ...
from 2012 (2022)
Other select recipients
*
Ruslan Abdulgani
Ruslan Abdulgani (November 24, 1914, Surabaya — June 29, 2005, Jakarta, his first name is also spelled Roeslan) was an Indonesian government official and diplomat known for his role as a leader during the Indonesian National Revolution in ...
(Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash, 1956)
*
Dimitri Shostakovich
Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich, , group=n (9 August 1975) was a Soviet-era Russian composer and pianist who became internationally known after the premiere of his First Symphony in 1926 and was regarded throughout his life as a major compo ...
(Grand Decoration of Honour in Silver, 1967)
*
Robert Fein
Robert Fein (9 December 1907 – 2 January 1975) was an Austrian Olympic Champion weightlifter, winning the gold medal in the lightweight class at the 1936 Summer Olympics. The following year, he won the silver medal at the 1937 Wo ...
(1907–1975), Austrian Olympic champion weightlifter
*
Willy Brandt
Willy Brandt (; born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm; 18 December 1913 – 8 October 1992) was a German politician and statesman who was leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 1964 to 1987 and served as the chancellor of West Ge ...
,
Chancellor of Germany
The chancellor of Germany, officially the federal chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany,; often shortened to ''Bundeskanzler''/''Bundeskanzlerin'', / is the head of the federal government of Germany and the commander in chief of the Ge ...
from 1969 to 1974 (Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash, 1972)
*
*
Anna Freud
Anna Freud (3 December 1895 – 9 October 1982) was a British psychoanalyst of Austrian-Jewish descent. She was born in Vienna, the sixth and youngest child of Sigmund Freud and Martha Bernays. She followed the path of her father and contribu ...
(1975)
*
Hilde Hawlicek (Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash, 1980)
*
Wolf In der Maur
Wolf-Bernhard Carl Borromaeus Paul Robert von In der Maur auf Strelberg und zu Freifeld, also known as Wolf In der Mauer or Wolf Indermaur (March 2, 1924 – March 17, 2005), was an Austrian journalist, television director, news editor, and polit ...
(Grand Decoration of Merit in Gold, 1985)
*
Sudharmono
Sudharmono ( EVO: Soedharmono; 12 March 1927 – 25 January 2006), also known by his nickname, Pak Dar, was an Indonesian politician and army officer, who served as the 5th Vice President of Indonesia, under the New Order regime of president S ...
(Grand Decoration of Honour in Silver with Sash)
*
Ginandjar Kartasasmita
Ginandjar Kartasasmita (born 9 April 1941 in Bandung, West Java) is an Indonesian politician. He served a five-year term (2004–2009) as Speaker of Indonesia Regional Representative Council (DPD-RI).
Background
Ginandjar attended Kanisius Colle ...
(Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Star, 1986)
*
Feisal Tanjung
General Feisal Edno Tanjung (17 June 1939 – 18 February 2013), known as Feisal Tanjung, was an Indonesian Army general who was ABRI Commander (from 21 May 1993 to 12 February 1998) and also served as Coordinating Minister for Politics and Secur ...
(Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold, 1996)
*
Shoichiro Toyoda
is a Japanese retired business executive who served as chairman of Toyota Motor Corporation between 1992–1999,Toyota Honorary Chairman as well as chairman of the influential beginning in May 1994 through May 1998. Under Toyoda's supervision, ...
(Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Star, 1999)
Toyota
is a Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Toyota City, Aichi, Japan. It was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda and incorporated on . Toyota is one of the largest automobile manufacturers in the world, producing about 10 ...
Toyoda bio
*
Randolph M. Bell
Randolph Marshall Bell (born 1947) is a former Ambassador of the United States.
Education
Randolph Marshall Bell went to the College of William and Mary and to the Cambridge University. Further he completed Advanced East European Area Studies ...
(Grand Decoration of Honour in Silver, 2004)
*
Jeanette Schmid
Jeanette Schmid (6 November 1924 – 9 March 2005) was a professional transgender whistler.
Life
Born Rudolf Schmid in a German family in Volary, Czechoslovakia, Schmid began to dress in feminine clothing at a young age and loved singing and d ...
(Decoration of Merit in Gold, 2004)
*
Stuart Eizenstat
Stuart Elliott Eizenstat (born January 15, 1943) is an American diplomat and attorney. He served as the United States Ambassador to the European Union from 1993 to 1996 and as the United States Deputy Secretary of the Treasury from 1999 to 2001 ...
(Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Star, 2005)
*
Andreas Maislinger
Andreas Maislinger (born 26 February 1955 in St. Georgen near Salzburg, Austria) is an Austrian historian and political scientist and founder and chairman of the Austrian Service Abroad, including the Gedenkdienst, the Austrian Social Service an ...
(Decoration of Honour in Silver, 2005)
*
Simon Wiesenthal
Simon Wiesenthal (31 December 190820 September 2005) was a history of the Jews in Austria, Jewish Austrian Holocaust survivor, Nazi hunter, and writer. He studied architecture and was living in Lwów at the outbreak of World War II. He surviv ...
(Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold for Services to the Republic of Austria, 2005)
*
Kofi Annan
Kofi Atta Annan (; 8 April 193818 August 2018) was a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh secretary-general of the United Nations from 1997 to 2006. Annan and the UN were the co-recipients of the 2001 Nobel Peace Prize. He was the founder ...
, Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1997 to 2006 (Grand Decoration in Gold with Sash, 2007)
*
Gerhard Rühm, author, composer, and artist (Decoration of Honour in Gold, 2007)
*
Atta-ur-Rahman
Ata-ur-Rahman ( ar, عطا الرحمن ) is a masculine Islamic given name. It is built from the Arabic words ''Ata (name), Ata'', ''al-'' and ''Rahman (name), Rahman''. The name means "gift of the most merciful", ''ar-Rahman'' being one of the ...
,
Pakistani Organic chemist
Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.Clayden, J.; ...
(Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash for Services to the Republic of Austria, 2008)
*
Ertuğrul Günay
Ertuğrul Günay (born 1 March 1948, in Ordu) was the Minister of Culture and Tourism of Turkey (between 29 August 2007 – 24 January 2013).
Biography
Günay graduated from Istanbul University Faculty of Law with a degree of bachelor of law ...
, Minister of Culture and Tourism of Turkey (Grand Decoration in Gold with Sash, 2010)
*
Prince Hassan bin Talal
Prince Hassan bin Talal ( ar, الحسن بن طلال, born 20 March 1947) is a member of the Jordanian royal family who was previously Crown Prince from 1965 to 1999, being removed just three weeks before King Hussein's death.
Family
Prince Ha ...
, (Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash, 2004)
*
Christoph Schönborn
Christoph Maria Michael Hugo Damian Peter Adalbert Graf von Schönborn, O.P. (; born 22 January 1945) is a Bohemian-born Austrian Dominican friar and theologian, who is a cardinal of the Catholic Church. He serves as the Archbishop of Vienna and ...
,
Roman Catholic
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
*Rome, the capital city of Italy
*Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
*Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
Cardinal
Cardinal or The Cardinal may refer to:
Animals
* Cardinal (bird) or Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds
**''Cardinalis'', genus of cardinal in the family Cardinalidae
**''Cardinalis cardinalis'', or northern cardinal, the ...
and
Archbishop of Vienna
The Archbishop of Vienna is the prelate of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vienna who is concurrently the metropolitan bishop of its ecclesiastical province which includes the dioceses of Eisenstadt, Linz and St. Pölten.
From 1469 to 1513, bish ...
(Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash, 2008)
*
Miep Gies
Hermine "Miep" Gies (; ; 15 February 1909 – 11 January 2010) was one of the Dutch citizens who hid Anne Frank, her family (Otto Frank, Margot Frank, Edith Frank) and four other Dutch Jews (Fritz Pfeffer, Hermann van Pels, Auguste van Pels, Pet ...
(2009)
*
Hans Dobida
Hans Dobida (born 13 May 1929) is an Austrian former ice hockey and roller in-line hockey administrator. He was involved with ATSE Graz for almost 40 years, and served as president of the Austrian Ice Hockey Association from 1977 to 1996. He he ...
, inductee into the
IIHF Hall of Fame
The IIHF Hall of Fame is a hall of fame operated by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). It was founded in 1997, and has resided at the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto since 1998. Prior to 1997, the IIHF housed exhibits at the Interna ...
*
Alois Mock
Alois Mock (10 June 1934 – 1 June 2017) was an Austrian politician and member of the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP). He was Vice Chancellor of Austria from 1987 to 1989. As foreign minister, he helped take Austria into the European Union.
Life ...
,
Vice-Chancellor of Austria
The vice-chancellor of Austria is a member of the Government of Austria and is the deputy to the Chancellor of Austria, Chancellor. It is functionally equivalent to a deputy prime minister in other countries with parliamentary systems.
Descripti ...
from 1987 to 1989 (Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash)
*
Walter Schwimmer
Walter Schwimmer (born 16 June 1942, Vienna) is a former politician and diplomat from Austria. Was Secretary General of the Council of Europe from September 1, 1999, to August 31, 2004.
Life
After being a member of the Austrian Parliament (Nation ...
(Grand Decoration of Honour in Silver with Star)
*
Ruth Wodak
Ruth Wodak (born 12 July 1950 in London) is an Austrian linguist, who is Emeritus Distinguished Professor and Chair in Discourse Studies in the Department of Linguistics and English Language at Lancaster University and Professor in Linguistics ...
(Decoration of Honour in Silver, 2011)
*
Elisabeth Bleyleben-Koren
*
Eleonore Schönborn
Eleonore Gräfin von Schönborn ( Freiin von Doblhoff; 14 April 1920 – 25 February 2022) was an Austrian politician. She and her family were expelled from Czechoslovakia in 1945, settling in Austria. She became the first woman to hold a procu ...
(2013)
*
Viatcheslav Moshe Kantor
Viatcheslav Moshe Kantor (russian: link=no, Вячеслав Моше Кантор, born on September 8, 1953 in Moscow) is a Russian businessman and philanthropist who has close ties to the Vladimir Putin regime in Russia. Kantor heads the Acro ...
(Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold for Services to the Republic of Austria, 2021)
*
Notes
References
*Poul Ohm Hieronymussen, Poul Ohm. (1967)
''Orders and Decorations of Europe in Color.''New York:
Macmillan
MacMillan, Macmillan, McMillen or McMillan may refer to:
People
* McMillan (surname)
* Clan MacMillan, a Highland Scottish clan
* Harold Macmillan, British statesman and politician
* James MacMillan, Scottish composer
* William Duncan MacMillan ...
OCLC 796549* Werlich, Robert. (1965)
''Orders and Decorations of All Nations: Ancient and Modern, Civil and Military.''Washington, D.C.: Quaker Press
OCLC 390804
External links
{{commonscat, Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria (1952)
"Decorations of Honor"from the website of the President of Austria
Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria, Decoration of
Orders, decorations, and medals of Austria
Awards established in 1952
1952 establishments in Austria
Orders of merit