''Grallaria'' is a large
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
Neotropical
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone.
Definition
In bioge ...
birds in the antpitta family
Grallariidae
Grallariidae is a family of smallish passerine birds of subtropical and tropical Central and South America known as antpittas. They are between 10 and 20 cm (4–8 in) in length, and are related to the antbirds, Thamnophilidae, and gna ...
.
The genus was introduced by the French ornithologist
Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot
Louis Pierre Vieillot (10 May 1748, Yvetot – 24 August 1830, Sotteville-lès-Rouen) was a French ornithologist.
Vieillot is the author of the first scientific descriptions and Linnaean names of a number of birds, including species he collecte ...
in 1816 with the
variegated antpitta
The variegated antpitta (''Grallaria varia'') is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae.
It is found in southeastern Brazil, eastern Paraguay, the Guianas and the northern Amazon Basin. Its range extends to Venezuela in the northwest; in th ...
(''Grallaria varia'') as the
type species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...
. The genus name is from
New Latin
New Latin (also called Neo-Latin or Modern Latin) is the revival of Literary Latin used in original, scholarly, and scientific works since about 1500. Modern scholarly and technical nomenclature, such as in zoological and botanical taxonomy ...
''grallarius'' meaning "stilt-walker".
Species
The genus contains the following 45
species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...
*
Undulated antpitta
The undulated antpitta (''Grallaria squamigera'') is a bird in the family Grallariidae. The species was first described by Florent Prévost and Marc Athanase Parfait Œillet des Murs in 1842.
Distribution
The undulated antpitta occurs in Boliv ...
, ''Grallaria squamigera''
*
Giant antpitta
The giant antpitta (''Grallaria gigantea'') is a perching bird species in the antpitta family (Grallariidae).
Rare and somewhat enigmatic, is known only from Colombia and Ecuador. It is presumably a close relative of the similar undulated antpit ...
, ''Grallaria gigantea''
*
Great antpitta, ''Grallaria excelsa''
*
Variegated antpitta
The variegated antpitta (''Grallaria varia'') is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae.
It is found in southeastern Brazil, eastern Paraguay, the Guianas and the northern Amazon Basin. Its range extends to Venezuela in the northwest; in th ...
, ''Grallaria varia''
*
Scaled antpitta
The scaled antpitta (''Grallaria guatimalensis'') is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae.
It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Trinida ...
, ''Grallaria guatimalensis''
*
Moustached antpitta
The moustached antpitta (''Grallaria alleni'') is a species of bird placed in the family Grallariidae.
It is found in Colombia and Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss
...
, ''Grallaria alleni''
*
Táchira antpitta, ''Grallaria chthonia''
*
Plain-backed antpitta, ''Grallaria haplonota''
*
Ochre-striped antpitta
The ochre-striped antpitta (''Grallaria dignissima'') is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is found in Ecuador, Peru and southern Colombia.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest.
Described in the 188 ...
, ''Grallaria dignissima''
*
Elusive antpitta, ''Grallaria eludens''
*
Santa Marta antpitta
The Santa Marta antpitta (''Grallaria bangsi'') is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Description
The Sa ...
, ''Grallaria bangsi''
*
Chestnut-crowned antpitta
The chestnut-crowned antpitta (''Grallaria ruficapilla'') is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forest and heavily d ...
, ''Grallaria ruficapilla''
*
Cundinamarca antpitta, ''Grallaria kaestneri''
*
Watkins's antpitta, ''Grallaria watkinsi''
*
Stripe-headed antpitta
The stripe-headed antpitta (''Grallaria andicolus'') is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It was first described by German ornithologist Jean Louis Cabanis. It is found in Peru and western Bolivia. Its natural habitat is subtropical o ...
, ''Grallaria andicolus''
*
Chestnut-naped antpitta
The chestnut-naped antpitta (''Grallaria nuchalis'') is a species of bird placed in the family Grallariidae.
It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and far northwestern Peru. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
Refe ...
, ''Grallaria nuchalis''
*
Jocotoco antpitta
The jocotoco antpitta (''Grallaria ridgelyi'') is an endangered antpitta, a bird from Ecuador and Peru. It was discovered in 1997, and scientifically described in 1999.
Description
The jocotoco antpitta is a large (150–200 g) antpitta ...
, ''Grallaria ridgelyi''
*
Pale-billed antpitta, ''Grallaria carrikeri''
*
Yellow-breasted antpitta
The yellow-breasted antpitta (''Grallaria flavotincta'') is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae.
It is found in Colombia and Ecuador.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.
References
yellow-breasted ...
, ''Grallaria flavotincta''
*
White-bellied antpitta
The white-bellied antpitta (''Grallaria hypoleuca'') is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador and far northern Peru.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forest and heavily degr ...
, ''Grallaria hypoleuca''
*
Rusty-tinged antpitta, ''Grallaria przewalskii''
*
Bay antpitta, ''Grallaria capitalis''
*
Red-and-white antpitta, ''Grallaria erythroleuca''
*
White-throated antpitta, ''Grallaria albigula''
*
Grey-naped antpitta, ''Grallaria griseonucha''
* ''
Grallaria rufula''
complex
Complex commonly refers to:
* Complexity, the behaviour of a system whose components interact in multiple ways so possible interactions are difficult to describe
** Complex system, a system composed of many components which may interact with each ...
**
Perijá antpitta, ''Grallaria saltuensis''
**
Sierra Nevada antpitta ''Grallaria spatiator''
**
Muisca antpitta, ''Grallaria rufula''
**
Bicolored antpitta, ''Grallaria rufocinerea''
**
Chamí antpitta ''Grallaria alvarezi''
**
Equatorial antpitta ''Grallaria saturata''
**
Cajamarca antpitta ''Grallaria cajamarcae''
**
Chachapoyas antpitta ''Grallaria gravesi''
**
Panao antpitta ''Grallaria oneilli''
**
Junín antpitta ''Grallaria obscura''
**
Urubamba antpitta ''Grallaria occabambae''
**
Puno antpitta ''Grallaria sinaensis''
**
Bolivian antpitta ''Grallaria cochabambae''
* ''Grallaria blakei'' complex
**
Chestnut antpitta, ''Grallaria blakei''
**
Oxapampa antpitta ''Grallaria centralis''
**
Ayacucho antpitta ''Grallaria ayacuchensis''
*
Rufous-faced antpitta, ''Grallaria erythrotis''
*
Tawny antpitta, ''Grallaria quitensis''
*
Brown-banded antpitta, ''Grallaria milleri''
*
Fenwick's or Urrao antpitta, ''Grallaria fenwickorum''
References
Bird genera
Grallariidae
Taxa named by Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
{{Grallariidae-stub
pl:Kusaczki