Gong is a surname which can be found throughout

Eurasian continent Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelago an ...

. It is the English transcription of a number of different Chinese surnames: 江, 宫, 龔, 共, 公, 鞏, 功, 貢, and 弓. Gong may also be a Korean surname, but this Korean Gong may be the English transcription of another surname Kong (孔).

Surname Gong 江

Surname Gong 龔, 共

Gong (, rank 192 in China), also transcribed as Kung or Kong from

Cantonese Cantonese ( zh, t=廣東話, s=广东话, first=t, cy=Gwóngdūng wá) is a language within the Chinese (Sinitic) branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages originating from the city of Guangzhou (historically known as Canton) and its surrounding ar ...

(

Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delta i ...

and

Macao Macau or Macao (; ; ; ), officially the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (MSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China in the western Pearl River Delta by the South China Sea. With a po ...

), Jiong or Jun in Shanghainese, is the 99th most prevalent Chinese surname listed in the ancient

Song Dynasty The Song dynasty (; ; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou. The Song conquered the rest ...

classic text, "

Hundred Family Surnames The ''Hundred Family Surnames'' (), commonly known as ''Bai Jia Xing'', also translated as ''Hundreds of Chinese Surnames'', is a classic Chinese text composed of common Chinese surnames. An unknown author compiled the book during the Song dy ...

". In Chinese writing, the character "龚" is composed of the two characters 龙 (upper character, meaning dragon) and 共 (lower character, meaning altogether, common, general, shared, or together). As of 2002, there are around 1.5 million people with the Gong 龚 surname in China, representing 0.2% of its population. They are most commonly found along the

Yangtze River The Yangtze or Yangzi ( or ; ) is the longest list of rivers of Asia, river in Asia, the list of rivers by length, third-longest in the world, and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country. It rises at Jari Hill in th ...

basin, especially in the province of

Anhui Anhui , (; formerly romanized as Anhwei) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, part of the East China region. Its provincial capital and largest city is Hefei. The province is located across the basins of the Yangtze River ...

Origin

According to one story, the surname Gong 龔 was derived from the other Gong (共). An ancestor of the Gong clan with the surname 共 had to flee from troubles, and change his surname from 共 to 龔 by adding the character for dragon (龍) on top. According to other legends, they are the descendants of a minister of the Huang Emperor named Gong Gu (共鼓), or the descendants of Gong Gong (共工), a minister of

Emperor Yao Emperor Yao (; traditionally c. 2356 – 2255 BCE) was a legendary Chinese ruler, according to various sources, one of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors. Ancestry and early life Yao's ancestral name is Yi Qi () or Qi (), clan name i ...

. The Gong surname may also be derived from the Gong tribe of the

Ba state Ba () was an Ancient Chinese states, ancient state in eastern Sichuan, China. Its original capital was Yicheng (Enshi City), Hubei. Ba was conquered by Qin (state), Qin in 316 BC. The historical Bo people (China), Bo people and the modern Tujia pe ...

in Sichuan, and during the Han Dynasty there were a number of prominent people with surname Gong from the lower reaches of

Jialing River The Jialing River, formerly known by numerous other names, is a major tributary of the Yangtze River in the Sichuan Basin. It is named after the Jialing Valley in Feng County, Shaanxi through which it flows. The Jialing River's most notable c ...

. *Gong clan from Gong (state) (共國) ruler, before the

Zhou Dynasty The Zhou dynasty ( ; Old Chinese ( B&S): *''tiw'') was a royal dynasty of China that followed the Shang dynasty. Having lasted 789 years, the Zhou dynasty was the longest dynastic regime in Chinese history. The military control of China by ...

*Gong clan from

royal *Gong clan from

Zheng (state) Zheng (; ; Old Chinese: *') was a vassal state in China during the Zhou Dynasty (1046–221 BCE) located in the centre of ancient China in modern-day Henan Province on the North China Plain about east of the royal capital at Luoyang. It was ...

royal of

*Gong clan from

Wei (state) Wei (; ; Old Chinese: *') was one of the seven major states during the Warring States period of ancient China. It was created from the three-way Partition of Jin, together with Han and Zhao. Its territory lay between the states of Qin and ...

royal of

*Gong clan from Jin (Chinese state) royal of

*Gong clan from Xiong (熊) clan of Chu (state)

Prominent people with the Kong (龔, 共) surname

* Gong Xian, painter *

Gong Wei Gong Wei (; died 202 BC) was a ruler of the Kingdom of Linjiang of the Eighteen Kingdoms during the Chu–Han Contention, an interregnum between the Qin Dynasty and the Han Dynasty. Gong Wei's father Gong Ao received his fief and the title of ...

, ruler of the Kingdom of Linjiang of the Eighteen Kingdoms during the Chu–Han Contention *

Gong Ao Gong Ao (; died 204 BC) was a ruler of the Kingdom of Linjiang of the Eighteen Kingdoms during the Chu–Han Contention, an interregnum between the Qin Dynasty and the Han Dynasty. Gong Ao descended from a noble family of the Chu state in the ...

, ruler of the Kingdom of Linjiang of the Eighteen Kingdoms during the Chu–Han Contention * Gong Ruina, female

badminton Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net. Although it may be played with larger teams, the most common forms of the game are "singles" (with one player per side) and "doubles" (with two players p ...

player * Gong Zhichao, female

player * Kiong Kong Tuan, Hokkien merchant * Kung Ming-hsin, Deputy Minister of Economic Affairs of the Republic of China

Surname Gong 公

Gong (, rank 408 of china), is a Chinese and Korean surname. The other Gong surnames 共, 龔, 鞏, 功, 貢 have disappeared from Korea. *from

Lu (state) Lu (, c. 1042–249 BC) was a vassal state during the Zhou dynasty of ancient China located around modern Shandong province. Founded in the 11th century BC, its rulers were from a cadet branch of the House of Ji (姬) that ruled the Zhou dyn ...

clan of

Gong may be derived from china's a two-syllable family names: *公为、公华、公慎、公孟、公之、公父、公冉、公甲、公古、公文、公德、公良、公孙、公车、公金、公都、公建、公山、公祖、公宾、公仪、公输、公敛、公思、公若、公林、公坚、公施、公荆、公仲、公朱、公上、公叔、公仇、公行、公成、公师、公族、公正、公明、公子、公土、公襄、公牛、公玉、公牵、公干、公旗、公丘、公羊、公西、公何、公冶、公巫、公宣、公夏、公析、 Gong + 孫, 羊, 石 are two-syllable surnames from the

*Gong Yang (公羊) clan from ruler Ji Ye (子野) son of

*Gong Shi (公石) clan from ruler Ji Ban (子般) son of

*Gong Sun (公孫) clan from royal

Zi Chan Gongsun Qiao (), died 522 BC, was better known by his courtesy name Zichan () ( WG: Tzu Ch'an). From 544 BC until his death, he served as the chief minister of the State of Zheng. His ancestral surname was Ji (姬), and clan name Guo (國). As pol ...

(子產, 子产) of

Surname Gong 鞏, 巩

Gong (), rank 370 in China *from

clan *from

Qiang people The Qiang people ( Qiangic: ''Rrmea''; ) are an ethnic group in China. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognised by the People's Republic of China, with a population of approximately 310,000 in 2000. They live mainly in a ...

alike

Tibet Tibet (; ''Böd''; ) is a region in East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about . It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people. Also resident on the plateau are some other ethnic groups such as Monpa, Taman ...

people *from Jin (state) clan

Surname Gong 功

Gong (), Chinese surname *from Jiang (姜) clan, *from noble of

Song (state) Song (; Old Chinese: *') was a state during the Zhou dynasty of ancient China, with its capital at Shangqiu. The state was founded soon after King Wu of Zhou conquered the Shang dynasty to establish the Zhou dynasty in 1046 BC. It was conquere ...

*from

Mongol The Mongols ( mn, Монголчууд, , , ; ; russian: Монголы) are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, Inner Mongolia in China and the Buryatia Republic of the Russian Federation. The Mongols are the principal member ...

people

Surname Gong 貢

Gong (), Chinese surname *from add-name

Ji Gong Ji Gong (, 22 December 1130 – 16 May 1209), born Li Xiuyuan and also known as "Chan Master Daoji" () was a Chan Buddhist monk who lived in the Southern Song. He purportedly possessed supernatural powers, which he used to help the poor and st ...

(子貢) of DuanMu Ci(端木賜) **DuanMu(端木:DyunMuk) clan from

Shaohao Shaohao or Shao Hao ( "Lesser Brightness"), also known Jin Tian (金天), was a legendary Chinese sovereign. Shaohao is usually identified as a son of the Yellow Emperor. According to some traditions (for example the '' Book of Documents''), he i ...

(少昊)

Surname Gong 宫

Gong (), Chinese surname * Ranks 240th in

* Mainly derived from

Ji (surname 冀) Jì is the Mandarin pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written in Chinese character. It is romanized as Chi in Wade–Giles, and Kei in Cantonese. Ji is the 294th most common surname in China, with a population of 160,000. It is listed ...

Others

*Gong, common form of Kong in Korea.

References

{{Authority control Chinese-language surnames Multiple Chinese surnames