Giugliano in Campania , also known simply as Giugliano, is a city and ''
comune
The (; plural: ) is a local administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions ('' regioni'') and provinces (''province''). The can also ...
'' in the
Metropolitan City of Naples
The Metropolitan City of Naples ( it, Città metropolitana di Napoli) is an Italian metropolitan city in Campania region, established on 1 January 2015. Its capital city is Naples; within the city there are 92 comunes (municipalities).
It wa ...
,
Campania
(man), it, Campana (woman)
, population_note =
, population_blank1_title =
, population_blank1 =
, demographics_type1 =
, demographics1_footnotes =
, demographics1_title1 =
, demographics1_info1 =
, demog ...
,
Italy
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...
. , it had some 124,000 inhabitants,
[Source]
: Istat
The Italian National Institute of Statistics ( it, Istituto nazionale di statistica; Istat) is the main producer of official statistics in Italy. Its activities include the census of population, economic censuses and a number of social, economic ...
2016 making it the
most populated Italian city that is not a provincial capital.
History
In 5th-4th century BCE the territory of Giugliano was settled by the
Osci
The Osci (also called Oscans, Opici, Opsci, Obsci, Opicans) were an Italic people of Campania and Latium adiectum before and during Roman times. They spoke the Oscan language, also spoken by the Samnites of Southern Italy. Although the lang ...
, who founded, among the many cities,
Atella
Atella was an ancient Oscan city of Campania, located 20km directly north of Naples.
Remains
The ruins of the city walls, private houses, the so-called ''garden of Virgil'' and many tombs remain, on sites in the ''comuni'' of Frattaminore, Or ...
and
Liternum
Liternum was an ancient town of Campania, southern central Italy, near "Patria lake", on the low sandy coast between Cumae and the mouth of the Volturnus. It was probably once dependent on Cumae. In 194 BC it became a Roman colony. Although Livy r ...
, both of them flourished under the
dominion of Rome. The area is that known as
Terra di Lavoro
Terra di Lavoro (Liburia in Latin) is the name of a historical region of Southern Italy. It corresponds roughly to the modern southern Lazio and northern Campania and upper north west and west border area of Molise regions of Italy.
In Italian t ...
, which was the most fertile part of
Campania felix
(man), it, Campana (woman)
, population_note =
, population_blank1_title =
, population_blank1 =
, demographics_type1 =
, demographics1_footnotes =
, demographics1_title1 =
, demographics1_info1 =
, demog ...
.
Near "
Lake Patria", there was the ancient city of
Liternum
Liternum was an ancient town of Campania, southern central Italy, near "Patria lake", on the low sandy coast between Cumae and the mouth of the Volturnus. It was probably once dependent on Cumae. In 194 BC it became a Roman colony. Although Livy r ...
. In 194 BC it became a
Roman colony
A Roman (plural ) was originally a Roman outpost established in conquered territory to secure it. Eventually, however, the term came to denote the highest status of a Roman city. It is also the origin of the modern term ''colony''.
Character ...
. The town is mainly famous as the residence of the
elder Scipio Africanus, who withdrew from Rome and died there. His tomb and villa are described by
Seneca the Younger
Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Younger (; 65 AD), usually known mononymously as Seneca, was a Stoic philosopher of Ancient Rome, a statesman, dramatist, and, in one work, satirist, from the post-Augustan age of Latin literature.
Seneca was born in ...
. In 455, the town was pillaged and destroyed by
Genseric
Gaiseric ( – 25 January 477), also known as Geiseric or Genseric ( la, Gaisericus, Geisericus; reconstructed Vandalic: ) was King of the Vandals and Alans (428–477), ruling a kingdom he established, and was one of the key players in the di ...
and his
Vandals
The Vandals were a Germanic people who first inhabited what is now southern Poland. They established Vandal kingdoms on the Iberian Peninsula, Mediterranean islands, and North Africa in the fifth century.
The Vandals migrated to the area betw ...
. The surviving population migrated to the present historical center of Giugliano.
The city remained a small center until 1207, when Cuma was destroyed by the
Neapolitans; some of the citizens from that town, including the clergy and the cathedral capitular, took shelter in Giugliano. The first documents mentioning a fief in Giugliano dates from 1270.
Lords of the city were, in sequence, the Vulcano, Filomarino,
Pignatelli,
D'Aquino, Pinelli and
Colonna
The House of Colonna, also known as ''Sciarrillo'' or ''Sciarra'', is an Italian noble family, forming part of the papal nobility. It was powerful in medieval and Renaissance Rome, supplying one pope (Martin V) and many other church and politic ...
.
Geography
It is located in a fertile coastal plain north of Naples, thus serving as a market for agricultural products to the city. The plain on which it sits was known in ancient Roman times as the Campania Felix.
Neighboring communes
Giugliano in Campania borders the following municipalities:
Aversa,
Casapesenna,
Castel Volturno
Castel Volturno () is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about northwest of Naples and about west of Caserta on the Volturno river. In 2010 Castel Volturno was inhabited by 25,000 local ...
,
Lusciano
Lusciano is a ''comune'' in the province of Caserta in Campania, Italy. Between 1929 and 1946, it was part of the ''comune'' of Aversa.
Neighbouring communes
* Aversa
*Trentola-Ducenta
* Parete
*Giugliano in Campania
Giugliano in Campania , also ...
,
Melito di Napoli
Melito di Napoli is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the Italian region Campania, located about north of Naples.
Melito di Napoli borders the following municipalities: Casandrino, Giugliano in Campania, Mugnano ...
,
Mugnano di Napoli
Mugnano di Napoli is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the Italian region Campania, located about 10 km northwest of Naples.
Mugnano di Napoli borders the following municipalities: Calvizzano, Giugliano in Cam ...
,
Parete
Parete is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about northwest of Naples and about southwest of Caserta. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 10,597 and an area of .All demogra ...
,
Pozzuoli
Pozzuoli (; ; ) is a city and ''comune'' of the Metropolitan City of Naples, in the Italian region of Campania. It is the main city of the Phlegrean Peninsula.
History
Pozzuoli began as the Greek colony of ''Dicaearchia'' ( el, Δικα ...
,
Qualiano
Qualiano is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the Italian region Campania, located about northwest of Naples.
Qualiano borders the following municipalities: Calvizzano, Giugliano in Campania, Villaricca
Villar ...
,
Quarto
Quarto (abbreviated Qto, 4to or 4º) is the format of a book or pamphlet produced from full sheets printed with eight pages of text, four to a side, then folded twice to produce four leaves. The leaves are then trimmed along the folds to produc ...
,
San Cipriano d'Aversa
San Cipriano d'Aversa () is an Italian commune and municipality in the Province of Caserta, region of Campania, located about northwest of Naples and about southwest of Caserta. The town is located on the territory of Agro aversano - a rural area ...
,
Sant'Antimo
Sant'Antimo is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the Italian region Campania, located about 13 km north of Naples.
Geography
The municipality is located at 67 m above sea level and is 16 km from the ce ...
,
Trentola-Ducenta
Trentola Ducenta is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about northwest of Naples and about southwest of Caserta.
Trentola Ducenta borders the following municipalities: Aversa, Casapes ...
,
Villa Literno and
Villaricca
Villaricca (until May 13, 1871 called Panicocoli ( nap, Panecuòcole)) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the Italian region Campania, located about 10 km northwest of Naples.
It is the birthplace of popular ...
.
Main sights
*''Palazzo Pinelli'', built in 1545 by architect
Giovanni Francesco di Palma. It had a side tower, which was later demolished.
*Church of ''Santa Sofia'' (17th century), designed by
Domenico Fontana
Domenico Fontana (154328 June 1607) was an Italian architect of the late Renaissance, born in today's Ticino. He worked primarily in Italy, at Rome and Naples.
Biography
He was born at Melide, a village on the Lake Lugano, at that time joint p ...
. It was finished in 1730-1745 by the Neapolitan architect
Domenico Antonio Vaccaro
Domenico Antonio Vaccaro (June 3, 1678 – June 13, 1745) was an Italian painter, sculptor and architect. He created many important sculptural and architectural projects in Naples. His later works are executed in an individualistic Rococo s ...
. It houses the tomb of
Giovan Battista Basile.
*Church of the ''Annunziata'', known from the 16th century. It is home to several canvasses by Neapolitan artists such as
Massimo Stanzione
Massimo Stanzione (also called Stanzioni; 1585 – 1656) was an Italian Baroque painter, mainly active in Naples, where he and his rival Jusepe de Ribera dominated the painting scene for several decades. He was primarily a painter of altarpiece ...
and
Carlo Sellitto
Carlo Sellitto (1581 – 2 October 1614 in Naples) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period.
One of the most gifted followers of Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (1571–1610), Sellitto played an important role in the spread of Caravaggism ...
. it has a nave with
apse
In architecture, an apse (plural apses; from Latin 'arch, vault' from Ancient Greek 'arch'; sometimes written apsis, plural apsides) is a semicircular recess covered with a hemispherical vault or semi-dome, also known as an '' exedra''. ...
and
transept
A transept (with two semitransepts) is a transverse part of any building, which lies across the main body of the building. In cruciform churches, a transept is an area set crosswise to the nave in a cruciform ("cross-shaped") building wi ...
; the
pulpit is in Roccoco style, while the rest of the interior is decorated in Baroque style. Notable are also the large wooden organ (late 16th century), the Chapel of ''Madonna della Pace'' and early 16th ''Stories of the Virgin' in the left transept.
*Church of ''Sant'Anna''. Of the original building, existing in the 14th century, the bell tower remains. It houses 16th-century paintings by
Fabrizio Santafede
Fabrizio Santafede or Fabrizio Santaféde (c. 1560–1623/28) was an Italian painter known for his altarpieces. He painted in a style that rejected the Mannerism popular in the Naples of his time and evident in the works of Francesco Curia. Lif ...
and
Pietro Negroni.
*Church of ''Madonna delle Grazie'', with a 14th-century bell tower and a 16th-century portal. The interior has a 15th-century Gothic ''Incoronation of the Virgin'' and early 16th-century frescoes.
*Church of ''Santa Maria della Purità'' or of ''the Souls of Purgatory''(18th century). It was designed by
Domenico Antonio Vaccaro
Domenico Antonio Vaccaro (June 3, 1678 – June 13, 1745) was an Italian painter, sculptor and architect. He created many important sculptural and architectural projects in Naples. His later works are executed in an individualistic Rococo s ...
, who also designed the internal stuccos and the covering of the dome, made as fish scales. The structure is an octagonal plant and has four altars, besides the greater one.
*Ancient town of ''
Liternum
Liternum was an ancient town of Campania, southern central Italy, near "Patria lake", on the low sandy coast between Cumae and the mouth of the Volturnus. It was probably once dependent on Cumae. In 194 BC it became a Roman colony. Although Livy r ...
''. The excavations brought to light, between 1930 and 1936, some elements of the city center (
forum
Forum or The Forum (plural forums or fora) may refer to:
Common uses
* Forum (legal), designated space for public expression in the United States
*Forum (Roman), open public space within a Roman city
**Roman Forum, most famous example
*Internet ...
with a temple, a basilica and a small theater) dating from the beginning of the Roman Empire. Outside the city walls, the remains of the
amphitheater and the
necropolis have been identified.
*
Lake Patria, in the
frazione
A ''frazione'' (plural: ) is a type of subdivision of a ''comune'' (municipality) in Italy, often a small village or hamlet outside the main town. Most ''frazioni'' were created during the Fascist era (1922–1943) as a way to consolidate territ ...
of the same name, it was called by ancient Roman "Literna Palus". It is part of the Natural Reserve "Foce Volurno - Costa di Licola".
Transportation
Giugliano is served by
Naples–Aversa railway, a railway suburban train connection to the
Naples Metro
The Naples Metro ( it, Metropolitana di Napoli; nap, Metrupulitana 'e Napule) is the rapid transit system serving the city of Naples, Italy. The system comprises three underground rapid transit lines ( Line 1, Line 6 and the Naples-Aversa Me ...
. Another station, Giugliano-
Qualiano
Qualiano is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the Italian region Campania, located about northwest of Naples.
Qualiano borders the following municipalities: Calvizzano, Giugliano in Campania, Villaricca
Villar ...
, is located some kilometers outside the city. It is part of the
Villa Literno–Naples line, a branch of the
Rome–Formia–Naples railway.
Famous people
*
Giovan Battista Basile, poet, courtier, and fairy tale collector
*
Scipio Africanus, Roman general
*
Fatal Quiet
Fatal may refer to:
* ''Fatal'' (album), by Hussein Fatal, 2002
* ''Fatal'' (film), a 2010 French film starring Michaël Youn and Stéphane Rousseau
* '' F.A.T.A.L.'', a tabletop role-playing game released in 2003
* Fatal Recordings, a record ...
, philosopher and main develooper of “Groders”
*
Adriana Basile, composer and singer
*
Raffaele Cantone
Raffaele Cantone is an Italian magistrate who was appointed President of the Anti- corruption National Authority on 24 March 2014 by the Italian prime mMinister, Matteo Renzi. Cantone held the office until October 2019.
Biography
Born in Naples o ...
, magistrate
*
Nicola Mignogna, politician and a significant contributor of “Risorgimento”
See also
*
S.S.C. Giugliano
*
Liternum
Liternum was an ancient town of Campania, southern central Italy, near "Patria lake", on the low sandy coast between Cumae and the mouth of the Volturnus. It was probably once dependent on Cumae. In 194 BC it became a Roman colony. Although Livy r ...
*
Licola
References
Bibliography
*
External links
Giugliano official website
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Giugliano In Campania
Cities and towns in Campania
421 BC
Populated places established in the 5th century BC
Osci
Italic archaeological sites
5th-century BC establishments