Ginkgo Bioworks
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Ginkgo Bioworks is an American
biotech company Biotechnology is the integration of natural sciences and engineering sciences in order to achieve the application of organisms, cells, parts thereof and molecular analogues for products and services. The term ''biotechnology'' was first used b ...
founded in 2008 by five scientists from
MIT The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1861, MIT has played a key role in the development of modern technology and science, and is one of the m ...
, headed by Jason Kelly. The company specializes in using
genetic engineering Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the modification and manipulation of an organism's genes using technology. It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including t ...
to produce
bacteria Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among ...
with industrial applications. Ginkgo Bioworks is an analytics company that designs microorganisms for customers in a range of industries. It is the self-proclaimed "Organism Company" and was one of the world's largest privately held biotech companies, valued at $4.2 billion in 2019. It raised $290 million in September and $350 million in October of that year.


History

In 2014, Ginkgo was the first biotechnology company to join the
Y Combinator Y Combinator (YC) is an American technology startup accelerator launched in March 2005. It has been used to launch more than 3,000 companies, including Airbnb, Coinbase, Cruise, DoorDash, Dropbox, Instacart, Quora, PagerDuty, Reddit, Str ...
start-up accelerator program. On 16 December 2020, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire the primary assets of Novogy's Microbial Engineering Platform. 2020 also saw the company acquire property worth $25 million from Marcus Partners for the construction of a new 219,000 square foot laboratory building, after razing existing structures, located in the Raymond L Flynn Marine Park. As of 2021, the company also occupied 200,000 square feet of the Innovation and Design Building (''aka'' IDB) in the Park. Ginkgo also occupied facilities in
Cambridge Cambridge ( ) is a university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cambridge bec ...
, where most MIT-spin outs resided at the time. Growth of Ginkgo up to 2021 had been driven by "robust
venture capital funding Venture capital financing is a type of funding by venture capital. It is private equity capital that can be provided at various stages or funding rounds. Common funding rounds include early-stage seed funding in high-potential, growth companies ...
" and entry into the
COVID-19 testing COVID-19 testing involves analyzing samples to assess the current or past presence of SARS-CoV-2. The two main types of tests detect either the presence of the virus or antibodies produced in response to infection. Molecular tests for viral ...
market. This included $45 million from
Viking Global Viking Global Investors is an American-based hedge fund based in Greenwich, Connecticut, which specialises in early stage and late stage ventures. History It was established in October 1999 by its CEO and risk manager, Ole Andreas Halvorsen, B ...
in 2015. On 11 May 2021, Gingko Bioworks announced plans of going public through a merger with SPAC Soaring Eagle at a $17.5 billion valuation. On 14 May 2021, Ginkgo announced its new ticker for the
NYSE The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE, nicknamed "The Big Board") is an American stock exchange in the Financial District, Manhattan, Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. It is by far the List of stock exchanges, world's largest s ...
will be "DNA". The ticker was previously used by
Genentech Genentech, Inc., is an American biotechnology corporation headquartered in South San Francisco, California. It became an independent subsidiary of Roche in 2009. Genentech Research and Early Development operates as an independent center within R ...
, who stopped using the ticker after they were acquired by
Roche F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, commonly known as Roche, is a Swiss multinational healthcare company that operates worldwide under two divisions: Pharmaceuticals and Diagnostics. Its holding company, Roche Holding AG, has shares listed on the SIX ...
. Trading began on September 17, 2021. The investment management firm
Baillie Gifford Baillie Gifford is an investment management firm which is wholly owned by partners, all of whom work within the firm. It was founded in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1908 and still has its headquarters in the city. It has corporate offices in New York ...
became the largest shareholder (15%) with the purchase of 167.75 million shares on 31 March 2022. On 14 March 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks signed a Definitive Agreement to Acquire FGen AG, a leading bioengineering company and its proprietary ultra-high-throughput screening platform. On 6 June 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks has acquired assets from Bitome, an Integrated Metabolite Monitoring Platform. On 25 July 2022, Ginkgo Bioworks agreed to acquire
Zymergen Zymergen is an American biotechnology company based in Emeryville, California. The company applies genomics and machine learning to research and design chemical producing genetically modified organisms. Shortly after going public in 2021, it was ...
for $300 million in an all-stock deal. On 27 July 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire Bayer's Biologics Research & Development site, located in West Sacramento. Ginko will enter into a new multi-year platform collaboration with Bayer. The deal includes the integration of the R&D platform assets from Joyn Bio, a joint-venture between Leaps by Bayer investments and Ginkgo Bioworks. On 4 October 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire France-based adaptive laboratory evolution instruments developer Altar and California-based Circularis to strengthen capabilities in cell and gene therapy. In October 2022, ''
Bloomberg News Bloomberg News (originally Bloomberg Business News) is an international news agency headquartered in New York City and a division of Bloomberg L.P. Content produced by Bloomberg News is disseminated through Bloomberg Terminals, Bloomberg Televi ...
'' reported that Ginkgo Bioworks partnered with
Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity The Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA) is an organization within the Office of the Director of National Intelligence responsible for leading research to overcome difficult challenges relevant to the United States Intellige ...
to create a software tool to help detect when biological organisms have been
genetically engineered Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the modification and manipulation of an organism's genes using technology. It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including t ...
. The tool known as ENDAR (short for Engineered Nucleotide Detection and Ranking) could be used to provide an early warning of bioweapons and other man-made biological threats.


See also

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Amyris ''Amyris'' is a genus of flowering plants in the citrus family, Rutaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek word αμ ('), which means "intensely scented" and refers to the strong odor of the resin. Members of the genus are commonly kno ...
*
Precigen Precigen, Inc (formerly Intrexon Corporation, NASDAQ: PGEN) is an American biotechnology company. Its president and CEO is Helen Sabzevari. Intrexon was founded in 1998, and is headquartered in Germantown, Maryland. With a suite of proprietary an ...


References


Further reading

* (2nd page, B7
located here


External links

* {{authority control 2009 establishments in Massachusetts Biotechnology companies of the United States Companies based in Boston Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange Special-purpose acquisition companies Technology companies established in 2009