''Gibberula'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of minute

sea snail Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...

, a

marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

micromollusk A micromollusk is a shelled mollusk which is extremely small, even at full adult size. The word is usually, but not exclusively, applied to marine mollusks, although in addition, numerous species of land snails and freshwater mollusks also ...

in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family

Marginellidae Marginellidae, or the margin shells, are a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of small, often colorful, sea snails, Marine (ocean), marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Neogastropoda. Taxonomy The higher classification of ...

, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod

taxonomy Taxonomy is the practice and science of categorization or classification. A taxonomy (or taxonomical classification) is a scheme of classification, especially a hierarchical classification, in which things are organized into groups or types. ...

has been in flux for many years. This is especially true currently, because of new research in

molecular A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds; depending on context, the term may or may not include ions which satisfy this criterion. In quantum physics, organic chemistry, and bioche ...

phylogeny A phylogenetic tree (also phylogeny or evolutionary tree Felsenstein J. (2004). ''Inferring Phylogenies'' Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, MA.) is a branching diagram or a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological spec ...

. Because of all this ongoing change, different reliable sources can yield very different classifications, especially within certain poorly understood groups.) Other genus-group names are available for small shells resembling ''Gibberula''. These include ''Granula'' Jousseaume, 1875 and ''Kogomea'' Habe, 1951. They are distinguished from ''Gibberula'' only on the basis of smaller size and other rather tenuous conchological differentiations.

Shell description

The shell of this genus is 1.5 to 10 mm in length, ovoid, stout, with a small, low

spire A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spires are ...

. The outer lip is thickened but without an external varix. It is usually denticulated inside. The

columella Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the wo ...

has several plaits on a thickened rim, decreasing in size towards the posterior end. The

siphonal canal The siphonal canal is an anatomical feature of the shells of certain groups of sea snails within the clade Neogastropoda. Some sea marine gastropods have a soft tubular anterior extension of the mantle called a siphon through which water is ...

is distinctly notched.

Animal

Head and foot

The head is deeply divided in two. There are two short cephalic tentacles and two small anterior lobes. The eyes are a short distance behinde the tentacles. The mouth is provided with an extensible proboscis. The foot is only slightly longer than the shell when extended. In some species, the sole lies flat on the substrate when the animal is crawling. Others have the edge of the propodium raised, developed as parapodia which fit the head/tentacles in the manner of many tectibranchs. Color pattern of the head and foot is a useful taxonomic character in all the species.

Mantle

The

mantle A mantle is a piece of clothing, a type of cloak. Several other meanings are derived from that. Mantle may refer to: *Mantle (clothing), a cloak-like garment worn mainly by women as fashionable outerwear **Mantle (vesture), an Eastern Orthodox ve ...

does not extend over the shell during normal activity. A tongue shaped, translucent lobe may be seen on the left side in some instances. The internal mantle is usually visible through the shell. It may be brightly coloured in the smaller species with a featureless, translucent shell, and its pattern is then continued into the

over the visceral mass. The siphon is short and inconspicuous, often bordered by a small pad.

Reproduction

All species of marginellids have a direct development without a

plankton Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in Hydrosphere, water (or atmosphere, air) that are unable to propel themselves against a Ocean current, current (or wind). The individual organisms constituting plankton are called plankt ...

ic phase.

Species

The separation between the genera '' Persicula'' and ''Gibberula'' is not clearcut and currently follows a rather arbitrary criterion where the large species with (usually with complex colour pattern) are placed in ''Persicula'' and the smaller species with a banded or uniform colour pattern in ''Gibberula'', leaving in between many ambiguous species. To date (2010) there is no

phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups o ...

analysis behind the current generic placements.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2011). Gibberula Swainson, 1840. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137881 on 2011-10-10 *'' Gibberula ablita'' ( Laseron, 1957) *'' Gibberula abyssicola'' Monterosato in Locard, 1897 *'' Gibberula achenea'' Roth & Coan, 1971 * '' Gibberula adyae'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2019 * '' Gibberula adzubae'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula aequatorialis'' Thiele, 1925 *'' Gibberula agapeta''

Watson Watson may refer to: Companies * Actavis, a pharmaceutical company formerly known as Watson Pharmaceuticals * A.S. Watson Group, retail division of Hutchison Whampoa * Thomas J. Watson Research Center, IBM research center * Watson Systems, make ...

, 1886 *''

Gibberula agricola ''Gibberula agricola'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae. Description Distribution References Cystisc ...

'' Faber, 2005 * '' Gibberula ahuiri'' Cossignani, 2020 *'' Gibberula albotriangularis'' Rolán & Fernandes, 1997 *'' Gibberula aldridgei'' Usticke, 1969 *''

Gibberula almadiensis ''Gibberula almadiensis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula almadiensis'' Pin & Boyer, 1995. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marines ...

'' Pin & Boyer, 1995 *'' Gibberula almo''

Bartsch Bartsch is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Adam Bartsch (1757–1821), German scholar of old master prints and artist * Dietmar Bartsch (born 1958), German politician (Die Linke) * Jacob Bartsch (1600–1633), German as ...

, 1915 * † '' Gibberula amurakucensis'' Pacaud, 2019 * ''

Gibberula andreahirundae ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod Taxonomy (biol ...

'' Cossignani & Lorenz, 2019 * ''

Gibberula angelarum ''Gibberula angelarum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk, in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula angelarum'' Cossignani & Lorenz, 2018. Accessed through: World Register of ...

'' Cossignani & Lorenz, 2018 *'' Gibberula aperta'' McCleery, 2008 * † '' Gibberula aquitanensis'' Lozouet, 1998 *''

Gibberula ardovinii ''Gibberula ardovinii'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Descript ...

'' Cossignani, 2006 *'' Gibberula arubagrandis'' McCleery, 2008 *'' Gibberula asellina'' Jousseaume, 1875 *'' Gibberula atlantidea'' Knudsen, 1956 * '' Gibberula atwoodae'' Ortea, 2015 *''

Gibberula audreyae ''Gibberula audreyae'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Descripti ...

'' Cossignani, 2006 *'' Gibberula aurata''

Bavay Bavay () is a commune in the Nord department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France. The town was the seat of the former canton of Bavay. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Bavaisiens'' or ''Bavaisiennes'' Geography Bavay ...

, 1913 * '' Gibberula aurelieae'' Ortea, 2017 * '' Gibberula ayzae'' Ortea & Moro, 2020 *''

Gibberula baisrei ''Gibberula baisrei'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Descriptio ...

'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2007 *'' Gibberula belizensis'' McCleery, 2008 *'' Gibberula benguelensis'' Jousseaume, 1875 *'' Gibberula bensoni'' ( Reeve, 1865) *''

Gibberula benyi ''Gibberula benyi'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Description ...

'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2007 * '' Gibberula betancourtae'' Ortea, 2015 * '' Gibberula boettgeri'' (Maltzan, 1884) * '' Gibberula borbonica'' Boyer, 2014 * † '' Gibberula bezoyensis'' Lozouet, 2019 * '' Gibberula boulmerkae'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula boyeri'' Cossignani, 2006 * '' Gibberula bozzettii'' Cossignani & Lorenz, 2020 * '' Gibberula bozzettii'' Cossignani & Lorenz, 2020 *'' Gibberula bribri'' Espinosa y Ortea, 2000 *'' Gibberula bulbosa'' Reeve, 1865 *'' Gibberula burnupi'' Sowerby III, 1897 *'' Gibberula caelata'' ( Monterosato, 1897) *'' Gibberula candida'' Cossignani, 2008 *'' Gibberula caribetica'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2002 * '' Gibberula cavernicola'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2007 * '' Gibberula cavinae'' Cossignani & Perugia, 2010 * '' Gibberula ceciliae'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2019 *'' Gibberula celerae'' McCleery, 2008 *''

Gibberula cherubini ''Gibberula cherubini'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails. Description The shell size is 3.6 mm. Distribution This species occurs in the Indian Ocean off Madagascar, th ...

'' (

, 1922) *''

Gibberula chiarae ''Gibberula chiarae'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Cystiscidae. Description The length of the shell attains 4.05 mm. Distribution This marine species occurs off Madagascar ...

'' Bozzetti & Cossignani, 2009 *'' Gibberula chudeaui''

, 1910 * ''

Gibberula chumi ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for ...

'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2019 *'' Gibberula cincta'' Boyer, 2003 *''

Gibberula colombiana ''Gibberula colombiana'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae. Description Distribution This marine species occurs in the Lesser Antilles off Martinique. References * Boy ...

'' Boyer, 2003 *'' Gibberula columnella''

, 1913 *'' Gibberula compressa'' Laseron, 1957 *''

Gibberula conejoensis ''Gibberula conejoensis'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Cystiscidae. Description The length of this species attains 2.55 mm. Distribution It has only been found in its type loc ...

'' McCleery, 2008 *'' Gibberula confusa'' Gofas, 1989 * † '' Gibberula constantinensis'' Le Renard & van Nieulande, 1985 Le Renard, J. & Nieulande, F.A.D. van, 1985. - Les Marginellidae (Gastropoda, Volutacea) de l'Eocène moyen du bassin de Nantes et du Cotentin (France). Mededelingen van de Werkgroep voor Tertiaire en Kwartaire Geologie 22(1): 3-69 * † ''

Gibberula cooperi ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for ...

'' Fehse & Wiese, 1992 Fehse, D. & Wiese, V., 1992. - Studies on some Gibberula-species from the Eocene of the Paris Basin. Schriften zur Malakozoologie 5: 43-60 * '' Gibberula cozzii'' Ortea & Moro, 2020 *''

Gibberula crassa ''Gibberula crassa'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae. Description The length of the shell attains 1.77 mm. Distribution This species occurs in t ...

'' McCleery, 2009 *'' Gibberula cristata'' Gofas, 1989 *'' Gibberula cristinae'' Tisselli, Agamennone & Giunchi, 2009 * ''Gibberula cristinae'' Ortea & Moro, 2020 (provisional name - homonym of ''Gibberula cristinae'' Tisselli, Agamennone & Giunchi, 2009) *'' Gibberula cucullata'' Gofas & Fernandes, 1987 *'' Gibberula decorfasciata'' Rolán & Fernandes, 1997 * † '' Gibberula degrangei'' (Peyrot, 1928) * '' Gibberula delapazi'' Ortea & Moro, 2020 * '' Gibberula delarrochae'' Ortea, 2015 * '' Gibberula dennisi'' Ortea & Moro, 2020 *'' Gibberula dens'' Reeve, 1865 * '' Gibberula denticulata'' Boyer, 2018 *''

Gibberula diadema ''Gibberula diadema'' is a species of sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk, in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula diadema'' Pin & Boyer, 1995. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spe ...

'' Pin & Boyer, 1995 *'' Gibberula differens'' E. A. Smith, 1904 *''

Gibberula diplostreptus ''Gibberula diplostreptus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Description The shell is minut ...

'' May, 1916 * '' Gibberula dosmosquises'' Espinosa, Ortea & Caballer, 2011 *'' Gibberula dulcis'' E. A. Smith, 1904 * † '' Gibberula eliopsis'' La Renard & van Nieulande, 1985 *'' Gibberula elisae'' Bozzetti & Cossignani, 2009 *'' Gibberula eloinae'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2007 *'' Gibberula elvirae'' Moreno, 2012 *'' Gibberula encaustica'' Reeve, 1865 (''

taxon inquirendum In biological classification, a ''species inquirenda'' is a species of doubtful identity requiring further investigation. The use of the term in English-language biological literature dates back to at least the early nineteenth century. The term t ...

'') *''

Gibberula epigrus ''Gibberula epigrus'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Descriptio ...

'' Reeve, 1865 * '' Gibberula estherae'' Ortea & Moro, 2017 * '' Gibberula eugeniae'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2019 *'' Gibberula evadne'' Dall &

Simpson Simpson most often refers to: * Simpson (name), a British surname *''The Simpsons'', an animated American sitcom **The Simpson family, central characters of the series ''The Simpsons'' Simpson may also refer to: Organizations Schools *Simpso ...

, 1901 * '' Gibberula evandroi'' Ortea & Moro, 2018 *'' Gibberula falsijaponica'' ( Habe, 1961) *'' Gibberula farlensis'' McCleery, 2009 * '' Gibberula fatimae'' Ortea & Moro, 2018 *''

Gibberula ficula ''Gibberula ficula'' is a species of sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk, in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula ficula'' (Murdoch & Suter, 1906). Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

Murdoch Murdoch ( , ) is an Irish/Scottish given name, as well as a surname. The name is derived from old Gaelic words ''mur'', meaning "sea" and ''murchadh'', meaning "sea warrior". The following is a list of notable people or entities with the name. ...

& Suter, 1906 *'' Gibberula fortis'' McCleery, 2008 *'' Gibberula fortisminor'' McCleery, 2008 *''

Gibberula gabryae ''Gibberula gabryae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula gabryae'' Bozzetti, 1993. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/ ...

'' Bozzetti, 1993 * '' Gibberula garzae'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2019 *'' Gibberula gironai'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2007 * ''

Gibberula giulianae ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod Taxonomy (biol ...

'' Cossignani & Lorenz, 2020 * ''

Gibberula goodallae ''Gibberula goodallae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk, in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae. It is named after British primatologist Jane Goodall.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula goodallae'' Ortea, 2 ...

'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula gradatim'' McCleery, 2008 * '' Gibberula grafae'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula granulinaformis'' McCleery, 2008 *''

Gibberula gruveli ''Gibberula gruveli'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae. Description Distribution This marine species occurs off Namibia Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of ...

, 1913 *'' Gibberula hardingae''

Dell Dell is an American based technology company. It develops, sells, repairs, and supports computers and related products and services. Dell is owned by its parent company, Dell Technologies. Dell sells personal computers (PCs), servers, data ...

, 1956 * '' Gibberula hendricksae'' Ortea, 2015 *''

Gibberula hernandezi ''Gibberula hernandezi'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae. Description Distribution References

Cystiscidae Gastropods described in 1988 { ...

'' Contreras & Talavera, 1988 *'' Gibberula hirami'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2007 *'' Gibberula infundibulum'' Bozzetti, 1994 *'' Gibberula inopinata''

Barnard Barnard is a version of the surname Bernard, which is a French and West Germanic masculine given name and surname. The surname means as tough as a bear, Bar(Bear)+nard/hard(hardy/tough) __NOTOC__ People Some of the people bearing the surname Ba ...

, 1962 *'' Gibberula insularum'' Roth & Coan, 1971 * ''

Gibberula isinbayevae ''Gibberula isinbayevae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk, in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae. It is named after Russian athlete Yelena Isinbayeva.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula isinbayevae'' Ortea ...

'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula jansseni'' van Aartsen, Menkhorst & Gittenberger, 1984 * '' Gibberula japonica'' (Nomura & Hatai, 1940) * '' Gibberula jayi'' Boyer, 2014 *'' Gibberula jeanae'' Lussi & Smith, 1998 *''

Gibberula jenphillipsi ''Gibberula jenphillipsi'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Ar ...

'' McCleery, 2008 *'' Gibberula jorgefoyoi'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2007 * '' Gibberula lachryma'' (Reeve, 1865) * '' Gibberula judithae'' Ortea & Moro, 2017 * '' Gibberula lacasito'' Ortea, Moro & Espinosa, 2020 * '' Gibberula lalaina'' Bozzetti, 2012 *'' Gibberula langostera'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2007 * '' Gibberula laritzae'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2014 *''

Gibberula lavalleeana ''Gibberula lavalleeana'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Descri ...

'' (

d'Orbigny Alcide Charles Victor Marie Dessalines d'Orbigny (6 September 1802 – 30 June 1857) was a French naturalist who made major contributions in many areas, including zoology (including malacology), palaeontology, geology, archaeology and anthropol ...

, 1842) * ''

Gibberula laviuda ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for ...

'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2019 *'' Gibberula lazaroi'' Contreras, 1992 * '' Gibberula leibovitzae'' Ortea, 2015 * ''

Gibberula lessingae ''Gibberula lessingae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae. It is named after Doris Lessing.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula lessingae'' Ortea, 2015. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species ...

'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula lifouana''

Crosse Crosse is a surname, and may refer to: * Andrew Crosse (1784–1855), British amateur scientist * Charles Crosse, British rugby * Charles G. Crosse, American physician and politician * Edmond Francis Crosse (1858-1941), first Archdeacon of Cheste ...

, 1871 * '' Gibberula linanprietoae'' Cossignani & Ahuir, 2020 *'' Gibberula lorenziana'' Bozzetti, 1997 *''

Gibberula louisae ''Gibberula louisae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula louisae'' (Bavay, 1913). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/ ...

, 1913 *''

Gibberula lucia ''Gibberula lucia'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula lucia'' Jousseaume, 1877. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/ap ...

'' Jousseaume, 1877 *'' Gibberula luglii'' Cossignani, 2001 * '' Gibberula lutea'' Jousseaume, 1884 *''

Gibberula macarioi ''Gibberula macarioi'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Descripti ...

'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2006 *''

Gibberula macula ''Gibberula macula'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae. Description The length of the shell attains 1.77 mm. Distribution This species occurs in t ...

'' McCleery, 2009 * '' Gibberula madbelono'' Ortea, 2017 * ''

Gibberula maldiviana ''Gibberula maldiviana'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Description The shell is minute t ...

'' (T. Cossignani, 2001) * '' Gibberula mamillata'' Boyer, 2014 *'' Gibberula mandyi'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2006 * ''

Gibberula manzanillera ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod Taxonomy (biol ...

'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2019 * '' Gibberula mapipi'' Ortea, 2017 * '' Gibberula marcelae'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2019 *''

Gibberula marinae ''Gibberula marinae'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae. Description Distribution This marine species occurs off the Fiji Islands Fiji ( , ,; fj, Viti, ; Fiji ...

'' Wakefield & McCleery, 2004 *'' Gibberula marioi'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2000 *'' Gibberula mariscali'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2007 * '' Gibberula martae'' Ortea & Moro, 2020 *'' Gibberula martinae'' Cossignani, 2001 * ''

Gibberula martingaiteae ''Gibberula martingaiteae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae. It is named after Spanish writer Carmen Martín Gaite.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula martingaiteae'' Ortea, 2015. Accessed through: Wo ...

'' Ortea, 2015 *''

Gibberula mazagonica ''Gibberula mazagonica'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Description The shell is minute ...

Melvill Melville is a surname and a given name. The surname has two different origins: Scottish and Irish. In Scotland, the name is a habitational name, originally of Norman origin, derived from any of several places called Malleville in Normandy. The p ...

, 1892 *'' Gibberula mendacis'' Gofas, 1989 * '' Gibberula metoo'' Ortea & Moro, 2018 *''

Gibberula miliaria ''Gibberula miliaria'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae. Description The shell size varies between 4.5 mm and 7.5 mm Distribution This species occurs in Euro ...

'' (

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...

1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...

) *'' Gibberula mimetica'' Gofas, 1989 * ''

Gibberula mirpuriolo ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for ...

'' Ortea, Moro & Espinosa, 2020 *''

Gibberula modica ''Gibberula modica'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cystiscidae, (previously placed in the family Marginellidae). Description The shell size is 3 millimeters long, decorated with sandy yellows, browns ...

'' Gofas & Fernandes, 1987 * ''

Gibberula mooi ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod Taxonomy (biol ...

'' Cossignani & Lorenz, 2020 *''

Gibberula moscatellii ''Gibberula moscatellii'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae. Description Distribution This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off Bahia Bahia ( , , ; meaning "ba ...

'' Boyer, 2004 * '' Gibberula navratilovae'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula nebulosa'' Boyer, 2002 *'' Gibberula nilsi'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2007 * '' Gibberula norvisae'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2014 *''

Gibberula novemprovincialis ''Gibberula novemprovincialis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Description The shell is ...

'' (Yokoyama, 1928) * '' Gibberula nuryana'' Ortea & Moro, 2018 * ''

Gibberula nussbaumae ''Gibberula nussbaumae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae. It is named after American philosopher Martha Nussbaum.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula nussbaumae'' Ortea, 2015. Accessed through: World R ...

'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula occidentalis'' McCleery, 2008 *'' Gibberula olivai'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2006 *'' Gibberula olivella'' Cossignani, 2001 * '' Gibberula omneiae'' Cossignani & Lorenz, 2020 *'' Gibberula oriens'' McCleery, 2008 *'' Gibberula oryza'' (

Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolog ...

, 1822) *''

Gibberula ovata ''Gibberula ovata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Description The shell is minute to la ...

'' Habe, 1951 * ''

Gibberula ovoides ''Gibberula ovoides'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Description The shell is minute to l ...

'' Boyer, 2017 *'' Gibberula pacifica'' Pease, 1868 *'' Gibberula palazzii'' Cossignani, 2001 *'' Gibberula pallata''

, 1913 * '' Gibberula palmasola'' Espinosa, Ortea & Caballer, 2011 * '' Gibberula peterbonuttii'' Cossignani & Lorenz, 2018 *'' Gibberula pascuana'' Rehder, 1980 *'' Gibberula pfeifferi'' Faber, 2004 * '' Gibberula phantasma'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2019 *'' Gibberula philippii'' ( Monterosato, 1878) * '' Gibberula pignonae'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula poppei'' Cossignani, 2001 * † '' Gibberula prunicallosa'' La Renard & van Nieulande, 1985 * † ''

Gibberula pruvosti ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod Taxonomy (biol ...

'' La Renard & van Nieulande, 1985 * † '' Gibberula pseudoaquitanica'' Lozouet, 2019 *'' Gibberula punctillum'' Gofas & Fernandes, 1987 *'' Gibberula quadrifasciata'' (Marrat, 1873) *''

Gibberula quatrefortis ''Gibberula quatrefortis'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae. Description The length of the shell attains 2.62 mm. Distribution This species occurs in t ...

'' McCleery, 2008 *'' Gibberula ramsi'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2007 *''

Gibberula raquelae ''Gibberula raquelae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk, in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula raquelae'' Ortea & Moro, 2018. Accessed through: World Register of Marine S ...

'' Ortea & Moro, 2018 *'' Gibberula rauli'' Fernandes, 1988 *''

Gibberula recondita ''Gibberula recondita'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Descript ...

'' Monterosato, 1884 * '' Gibberula robinsonae'' Ortea, 2015 * '' Gibberula ronchinorum'' Bozzetti, 2017 *'' Gibberula ros'' Reeve, 1865 * '' Gibberula rowlingae'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula rufanensis'' (W. H. Turton, 1932) * '' Gibberula sassenae'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula sandwicensis'' ( Pease, 1860) *'' Gibberula savignyi'' Issel, 1869 *''

Gibberula scalarispira ''Gibberula scalarispira'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula scalarispira'' Bozzetti, 1997. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinesp ...

'' Bozzetti, 1997 *''

Gibberula sebastiani ''Gibberula sebastiani'' is a species of sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk, in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula sebastiani'' Bozzetti, 1997. Accessed through: World Register of Marine S ...

'' Bozzetti, 1997 *'' Gibberula secreta'' Monterosato, 1889 *'' Gibberula sierrai'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2000 * ''

Gibberula silviae ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod Taxonomy (biol ...

'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2019 * '' Gibberula simii'' Cossignani & Lorenz, 2019 *'' Gibberula simonae'' Smiriglio in Giannuzzi-Savelli et al., 2003 * '' Gibberula simplex'' (Laseron, 1957) * '' Gibberula socoae'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2019 * '' Gibberula soniae'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2019 * ''

Gibberula spiriplana ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for ...

'' (Jousseaume, 1882) *'' Gibberula squamosa'' Boyer, 2003 *'' Gibberula stella'' McCleery, 2008 *'' Gibberula striata'' Laseron, 1957 * † ''

Gibberula subovulatoides ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for ...

'' Lozouet, 2019 *'' Gibberula sueziensis'' Issel, 1869 *''

Gibberula subbulbosa ''Gibberula subbulbosa'', common name the toothed margin shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae. Distribution This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off New South Wales, Queensland ...

'' Tate, 1878 *''

Gibberula subtrigona ''Gibberula subtrigona'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Description The shell is minute t ...

Carpenter Carpentry is a skilled trade and a craft in which the primary work performed is the cutting, shaping and installation of building materials during the construction of buildings, Shipbuilding, ships, timber bridges, concrete formwork, etc. ...

, 1865 *'' Gibberula tahaukuensis'' Cossignani, 2001 *'' Gibberula tantula'' Gofas, 1989 * '' Gibberula teresitae'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2019 *''

Gibberula themisae ''Gibberula themisae'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae. Description Distribution References

Cystiscidae Gastropods described in 2007 {{C ...

'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2007 * ''

Gibberula thetisae ''Gibberula thetisae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Description The shell is minute to ...

'' Espinosa, Ortea & Caballer, 2011 * ''

Gibberula thomensis ''Gibberula thomensis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relatio ...

'' (Tomlin, 1919) * '' Gibberula turbinata'' Boyer, 2018 *'' Gibberula turgidula'' ( Locard & Caziot, 1900) *'' Gibberula ubitaensis'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2000 *'' Gibberula ubitalta'' McCleery, 2009 * ''

Gibberula valentinae ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod Taxonomy (biol ...

'' Cossignani & Lorenz, 2020 * ''

Gibberula varicosa ''Gibberula varicosa'' is a species of sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk, in the family (biology), family Cystiscidae.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Gibberula varicosa'' Boyer, 2017. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species ...

'' Boyer, 2017 * '' Gibberula veilae'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula velox'' McCleery, 2008 * ''

Gibberula ventricosa ''Gibberula ventricosa'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Description The shell is minute t ...

'' Boyer, 2017 * '' Gibberula vermiglioi'' Cossignani & Ahuir, 2020 *'' Gibberula vignali'' ( Dautzenberg &

Fischer Fischer is a German occupational surname, meaning fisherman. The name Fischer is the fourth most common German surname. The English version is Fisher. People with the surname A * Abraham Fischer (1850–1913) South African public official * Ad ...

, 1896) *'' Gibberula vitium'' McCleery, 2008 *'' Gibberula vomoensis'' Wakefield & McCleery, 2004 * '' Gibberula watkinsae'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula yidii'' Cossignani, 2006 * '' Gibberula yoshikoae'' Cossignani & Lorenz, 2019 * '' Gibberula zambranoae'' Ortea, 2015 *'' Gibberula zonata'' Swainson, 1840 ;Taxa inquerenda: * ''Gibberula aldridgei'' (Nowell-Usticke, 1969) * ''Gibberula encaustica'' (Reeve, 1865) * ''Gibberula rolani'' Cossignani & Cecalupo, 2005 ;Species brought into synonymy: *''Gibberula bocasensis'' Olsson & McGinty, 1958: synonym of '' Plesiocystiscus bocasensis'' (Olsson & McGinty, 1958) *''Gibberula jousseaumi''

Rochebrune Rochebrune may refer to the following places in France: * Rochebrune, Hautes-Alpes, a commune in the department of Hautes-Alpes * Rochebrune, Drôme, a commune in the department of Drôme * Pic de Rochebrune, a mountain of Cottian Alps * Pic de P ...

, 1881: synonym of ''

Volvarina sauliae ''Volvarina sauliae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails. Description Distribution This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off Cape Verde , national_anthem ...

'' ( Sowerby II, 1846) *''Gibberula rachmaninovi'' Kellner, 2003: synonym of ''

'' ( Sowerby II, 1846) *''Gibberula sandwicensis'' ( Pease, 1860): synonym of '' Cystiscus sandwicensis'' ( Pease, 1860)

References

* 1995 - ''Revision of the Supraspecific Classification of Marginelliform Gastropods. The Nautilus'' 109(2 & 3):43-110 * 1999. ''Descripción de nuevas marginelas (Mollusca: Neogastropoda: Marginellidae) de Cuba y del Caribe de Costa Rica y Panamá''. Avicennia 10/11:165-176. * . 1987. ''Le Genre Gibberula (Marginellidae) en Mediterranee. Atti del II Congresso Societa Italiana di Malacologia''. No. 23, 113-119 * . ''Expeditions Scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman''. Tomo I * 1976. ''Type specimens of Mollusca in the collection of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Type specimens of recent Marginellidae''. Basteria, Vol. 40, No. 1 * 1998. ''Taxones publicados en Iberus (1981-1997)''. Iberus * 2000. 2000 - ''Marine Mollusks in Japan'' * . ''Checklist of the Angolan marine molluscs. Reseñas Malacológicas X'' (June 1999) * 1973. ''A review of the Marginellidae described by Bavay, 1903-1922''. The Veliger Vol. 16; No. 2: 207-215 * (2020). Descripción de nuevas especies de Gibberula Swainson, 1840 en las islas Canarias (Gastropoda: Cystiscidae), asociadas al proyecto de Ciencia Ciudadana de la RedPROMAR del Gobierno de Canarias. Avicennia. 26: 41-54. page(s): 46, pls 5-6 {{Commons category Gastropod genera Cystiscidae Taxa named by William John Swainson Taxonomy articles created by Polbot