Ghanshyam Swarup (born 1953) is an Indian
molecular biologist
Molecular biology is the branch of biology that seeks to understand the molecular basis of biological activity in and between cells, including biomolecular synthesis, modification, mechanisms, and interactions. The study of chemical and physi ...
, a J. C. Bose National Fellow and the head of the ''Ghanshyam Swarup Research Group'' of the
Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
The Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology ( hi, कोशिकीय एवं आण्विक जीवविज्ञान केंद्र, IAST: ''Kośikīya evam āṇavik jīvavijñāna kendra'') or CCMB is an Indian fundamen ...
.
He is known for his studies on
glaucoma
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that result in damage to the optic nerve (or retina) and cause vision loss. The most common type is open-angle (wide angle, chronic simple) glaucoma, in which the drainage angle for fluid within the eye rem ...
and the discovery of
protein tyrosine phosphatase
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (EC 3.1.3.48, systematic name protein-tyrosine-phosphate phosphohydrolase) are a group of enzymes that remove phosphate groups from phosphorylated tyrosine residues on proteins:
: proteintyrosine phosphate + H2O = ...
, a new protein influencing the regulation of cell proliferation.
Swarup is an elected fellow of the
Indian Academy of Sciences
The Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore was founded by Indian Physicist and Nobel Laureate C. V. Raman, and was registered as a society on 24 April 1934. Inaugurated on 31 July 1934, it began with 65 founding fellows. The first general meet ...
,
the
Indian National Science Academy
The Indian National Science Academy (INSA) is a national academy in New Delhi for Indian scientists in all branches of science and technology.
In August 2019, Dr. Chandrima Shaha was appointed as the president of Indian National Science Academ ...
and the
National Academy of Sciences, India
The National Academy of Sciences, India, established in 1930, is the oldest science academy in India. It is located in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. Prof. Meghnad Saha was the founder president.
Fellows
*Suddhasatwa Basu
* Sudha Bhattacharya
* Ch ...
.
The
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (IAST: ''vaigyanik tathā audyogik anusandhāna pariṣada''), abbreviated as CSIR, was established by the Government of India in September 1942 as an autonomous body that has emerged as the l ...
, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the
Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology
The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology (SSB) is a science award in India given annually by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for notable and outstanding research, Applied science, applied or Fundamenta ...
, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 1996, for his contributions to biological sciences.
Biography
Ghanshyam Swarup, born on 23 November 1953 in the Indian state of
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh (; , 'Northern Province') is a state in northern India. With over 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populated state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was established in 1950 ...
, graduated in science from
Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University
Aerial view of Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University Campus
Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University (CSJMU), formerly Kanpur University, is a public state university located in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is administered under the state ...
and continued his studies there to secure a master's degree before moving to Mumbai to complete his PhD at
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) is a public deemed research university located in Mumbai, India that is dedicated to basic research in mathematics and the sciences. It is a Deemed University and works under the umbrella of the D ...
(TIFR).
His post-doctoral studies were at
David L. Garbers' laboratory of
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine is a graduate medical school of Vanderbilt University located in Nashville, Tennessee. Located in the Vanderbilt University Medical Center on the southeastern side of the Vanderbilt University campus, the S ...
where he had the opportunity to work alongside
Stanley Cohen, the 1986
Nobel laureate
The Nobel Prizes ( sv, Nobelpriset, no, Nobelprisen) are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institutet, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals and organizations who make out ...
. Returning to India, Swarup joined the
Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
The Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology ( hi, कोशिकीय एवं आण्विक जीवविज्ञान केंद्र, IAST: ''Kośikīya evam āṇavik jīvavijñāna kendra'') or CCMB is an Indian fundamen ...
as a scientist
and is the head of ''Ghanshyam Swarup Group'' which carries out researches on
optineurin
Optineurin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''OPTN'' gene.
Function
This gene encodes the coiled-coil containing protein optineurin. Optineurin may play a role in normal-tension glaucoma and adult-onset primary open angle glaucom ...
and the functional defects caused in humans by its
mutations
In biology, a mutation is an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA. Viral genomes contain either DNA or RNA. Mutations result from errors during DNA or viral replication, mi ...
.
Legacy
Swarup, while working with
Stanley Cohen in the US on cellular signaling mechanisms, is reported to have discovered a new nuclear
protein tyrosine phosphatase
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (EC 3.1.3.48, systematic name protein-tyrosine-phosphate phosphohydrolase) are a group of enzymes that remove phosphate groups from phosphorylated tyrosine residues on proteins:
: proteintyrosine phosphate + H2O = ...
(PTPase) and his subsequent work demonstrated that the protein plays a part in the regulation of cell proliferation.
Later, during his early days at CCMB, he elucidated the molecular cloning of a protein tyrosine phosphatase and its bind with
DNA and established the methodology for alternative splicing of a gene to form four different variations of PTPase.
Swarup's studies are known to have assisted in identifying the ''first cargo (PTP-S4/TC48) for the putative cargo receptors in mammalian cells''. He has established a laboratory, ''Ghanshyam Swarup Group'', where his team focuses on researches on protein
optineurin
Optineurin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''OPTN'' gene.
Function
This gene encodes the coiled-coil containing protein optineurin. Optineurin may play a role in normal-tension glaucoma and adult-onset primary open angle glaucom ...
and how disease-associated mutation affect humans.
Associated with
L. V. Prasad Eye Institute
The L V Prasad Eye Institute (LVPEI) is an eye-care network, established by Dr. Gullapalli Nageswara Rao, an ophthalmologist, at Hyderabad, in 1987. It is a non-profit, multi-campus, non-governmental institution. With more than 200 eye-care c ...
, he works on one of the mutated genes of optineurin as a causative factor of
glaucoma
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that result in damage to the optic nerve (or retina) and cause vision loss. The most common type is open-angle (wide angle, chronic simple) glaucoma, in which the drainage angle for fluid within the eye rem ...
, an eye disease leading to irrecoverable loss of vision
and has elaborated on the
pathogenesis
Pathogenesis is the process by which a disease or disorder develops. It can include factors which contribute not only to the onset of the disease or disorder, but also to its progression and maintenance. The word comes from Greek πάθος ''pat ...
in the disease from a molecular perspective.
Swarup has published several articles detailing his research findings;
ResearchGate
ResearchGate is a European commercial social networking site for scientists and researchers to share papers, ask and answer questions, and find collaborators. According to a 2014 study by ''Nature'' and a 2016 article in ''Times Higher Education'' ...
, an online repository of scientific articles has listed 81 of them.
He is a member of the editorial board of the ''Journal of Molecular Signaling''
and is known to be active in the researches done by others.
Swarup has mentored several scholars in their doctoral and post-doctoral researches at his research group in CCMB
as well as scholars from other institutions.
Awards and honors
Swarup, who was elected as a fellow by the
National Academy of Sciences, India
The National Academy of Sciences, India, established in 1930, is the oldest science academy in India. It is located in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. Prof. Meghnad Saha was the founder president.
Fellows
*Suddhasatwa Basu
* Sudha Bhattacharya
* Ch ...
in 1988,
received the Young Scientist Award of the
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (IAST: ''vaigyanik tathā audyogik anusandhāna pariṣada''), abbreviated as CSIR, was established by the Government of India in September 1942 as an autonomous body that has emerged as the l ...
in 1989.
The
Indian Academy of Sciences
The Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore was founded by Indian Physicist and Nobel Laureate C. V. Raman, and was registered as a society on 24 April 1934. Inaugurated on 31 July 1934, it began with 65 founding fellows. The first general meet ...
made him their elected fellow in 1995
and the CSIR honored him again in 1996 with the
Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize
The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology (SSB) is a science award in India given annually by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for notable and outstanding research, Applied science, applied or Fundamenta ...
, one of the highest Indian science awards.
An elected member of the
Guha Research Conference Guha Research Conference (GRC) is a professional society set up by Indian scholars to develop the field of Biochemistry. It was established in 1960, and is named after Biresh Chandra Guha (1904-1962).
The first four GRC meetings were held alongsid ...
, Swarup became an elected fellow of the
Indian National Science Academy
The Indian National Science Academy (INSA) is a national academy in New Delhi for Indian scientists in all branches of science and technology.
In August 2019, Dr. Chandrima Shaha was appointed as the president of Indian National Science Academ ...
in 2003.
In 2011, he was selected for the J. C. Bose National Fellowship of the
Department of Science and Technology on which he pursues his current researches at CCMB.
Selected bibliography
*
*
*
*
See also
*
Protein tyrosine phosphatase
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (EC 3.1.3.48, systematic name protein-tyrosine-phosphate phosphohydrolase) are a group of enzymes that remove phosphate groups from phosphorylated tyrosine residues on proteins:
: proteintyrosine phosphate + H2O = ...
*
Optineurin
Optineurin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''OPTN'' gene.
Function
This gene encodes the coiled-coil containing protein optineurin. Optineurin may play a role in normal-tension glaucoma and adult-onset primary open angle glaucom ...
*
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that result in damage to the optic nerve (or retina) and cause vision loss. The most common type is open-angle (wide angle, chronic simple) glaucoma, in which the drainage angle for fluid within the eye rem ...
*
Stanley Cohen (biochemist)
Stanley Cohen (November 17, 1922 – February 5, 2020) was an American biochemist who, along with Rita Levi-Montalcini, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1986 for the isolation of nerve growth factor and the discovery of e ...
Notes
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Swarup, Ghanshyam
Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Biological Science
1953 births
Indian molecular biologists
Indian geneticists
Living people
Indian scientific authors
Fellows of the Indian Academy of Sciences
Fellows of the Indian National Science Academy
Fellows of The National Academy of Sciences, India
Scientists from Uttar Pradesh
Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University alumni
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research alumni
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine alumni
20th-century Indian biologists