Georgy Sedov (icebreaker)

The ''Georgiy Sedov'' (russian: Георгий Седов) was a Soviet ice-breaker fitted with steam engines. She was originally the Newfoundland seal fishery support vessel ''Beothic'' and was renamed after Russian captain and polar explorer Georgy Yakovlevich Sedov in 1915.

This icebreaker became famous as the first Soviet drifting ice station, the culmination of a decade of high-latitude exploration.

Vessel History

''Beothic'' was built in 1908–09 at Glasgow and was engaged as a support vessel in sealing until her sale to the Imperial Russian Ministry of Commerce and Industry in 1915. Renamed ''Georgiy Sedov'', she was inherited by the new Soviet government following the Russian Civil War.

In 1929 icebreaker ''Sedov'' went on the "High-latitude Government Expedition" to Franz Josef Land carrying Soviet scientists.

In the summer of 1937 icebreaker ''Sadko'' sailed from Murmansk. Its original goal was to sail to Henrietta, Zhokhow and Jeanette Islands, in the De Long group and carry out scientific research. The purpose of the expedition was to find out if the Northern Sea Route could be used for regular shipping and to explore the complex Nordenskiöld Archipelago. The Soviet naval authorities changed the plans and the ice-breaker was sent instead to help ships in distress in the Kara and Laptev Seas. The ''Sadko'' became trapped in fast ice at 75°17'N and 132°28'E in the region of the New Siberian Islands. Another two Soviet icebreakers, the ''Sedov'' and the '' Malygin'' which were in the same area researching the ice conditions, became trapped by sea ice as well and drifted helplessly. Owing to persistent bad weather conditions, part of the stranded crew and some of the scientists could only be rescued in April 1938. Only on August 28, 1938, could the icebreaker ''Yermak'' free two of the three ships at 83°4'N and 138°22'E. The third ship, the ''Sedov'', had to be left to drift in the ice and was transformed into a scientific polar station.

''Sedov'' kept drifting northwards in the ice towards the Pole, very much like Fridtjof Nansen's ''Fram'' had done in 1893–96. In doing so they achieved a record northern latitude in 1939.Francis E. McMurtrie and Raymond V.B. Blackman, ''Jane's Fighting Ships 1949-50'', p. 297. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949 There were 15 crew aboard, led by Captain Konstantin Badygin and W. Kh. Buinitzki. The scientists aboard took 415 astronomical measurements, 78 electromagnetic observations, as well as 38 depth measurements by drilling the thick polar ice during their 812-day stay aboard the ''Sedov''. They were freed between Greenland and Svalbard by the icebreaker '' Joseph Stalin'', the biggest icebreaker of the Soviet fleet at that time, on January 18, 1940.

Fate

Withdrawn from service in 1967, ''Sedov'' was scrapped at Hamburg by Eckhardt & Co.

See also

* Professor Vize
* Konstantin Badygin

References

*
* Albert Hastings Markham, ''Arctic Exploration'', 1895
* Armstrong, T., ''The Russians in the Arctic'', London, 1958.

Early Soviet Exploration

History of Russian Arctic Exploration

{{DEFAULTSORT:Georgiy Sedov (icebreaker)
Icebreakers of the Soviet Union
Kara Sea
Laptev Sea
Polar exploration by Russia and the Soviet Union
1908 ships
Arctic exploration vessels
Ships built on the River Clyde