Admiral George Cadogan, 3rd Earl Cadogan, CB,

KMT The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Taiw ...

(5 May 1783 – 15 September 1864) was a British

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against F ...

officer and politician of the mid-nineteenth century who first gained fame for his service in the

Adriatic campaign of the Napoleonic Wars The Adriatic Sea () is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan Peninsula. The Adriatic is the northernmost arm of the Mediterranean Sea, extending from the Strait of Otranto (where it connects to the Ionian Sea) to t ...

in command of . Cadogan later served as aide-de-camp to successive British monarchs and received promotion to full admiral. The son of

Charles Cadogan, 3rd Baron Cadogan Charles Sloane Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan (29 September 1728 – 3 April 1807) was a British peer and Whig politician. Early life Cadogan was the only son of Charles Cadogan, 2nd Baron Cadogan and his wife, the former Elizabeth Sloane. His ma ...

and his second wife Mary Churchill, Cadogan inherited his father's titles from his half-brother Charles in 1832 and became the third

Earl Cadogan Earl Cadogan is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of Great Britain for the Cadogan family. The second creation, in 1800, was for Charles Cadogan, 3rd Baron Cadogan. History Of Welsh origin, the family name was spelt ''Cadwg ...

. He was also created 1st Baron Oakley of Caversham on 10 September 1831. Later in life, Cadogan was elected to become a Fellow of the

Society of Antiquaries of London A society is a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same spatial or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations. Societ ...

and died in 1864.

Life

George Cadogan was born in 1783 at

St James's Square St James's Square is the only square in the St James's district of the City of Westminster and is a garden square. It has predominantly Georgian and Neo-Georgian architecture. For its first two hundred or so years it was one of the three or fou ...

in London, the eighth son of

and the second son of Mary Churchill, the Baron's second wife. George would follow his brother Thomas, 29 years his senior, into the Royal Navy, although Thomas had drowned in an accident in 1782. Joining the Navy aged 13 in 1796, Cadogan served in the

French Revolutionary Wars The French Revolutionary Wars (french: Guerres de la Révolution française) were a series of sweeping military conflicts lasting from 1792 until 1802 and resulting from the French Revolution. They pitted French First Republic, France against Ki ...

. In 1804 Commander Cadogan was captain of the 18-gun

ship-sloop In the 18th century and most of the 19th, a sloop-of-war in the Royal Navy was a warship with a single gun deck that carried up to eighteen guns. The rating system covered all vessels with 20 guns and above; thus, the term ''sloop-of-war'' enc ...

. On 11 November 1804, ''Cyane'' was off

Marie-Galante Marie-Galante ( gcf, label=Antillean Creole, Mawigalant) is one of the islands that form Guadeloupe, an overseas department of France. Marie-Galante has a land area of . It had 11,528 inhabitants at the start of 2013, but by the start of 2018 ...

when she captured the 18-gun French privateer brig ''Bonaparte''. However, on 12 May 1805, the French captured Caddogan and ''Cyane''. She was cruising between Barbados and Martinique when she had the misfortune to encounter a French fleet under Admiral

Villeneuve Villeneuve, LaVilleneuve or deVilleneuve may refer to: People * Villeneuve (surname) Places Australia * Villeneuve, Queensland, a town in the Somerset Region Canada * Circuit Gilles Villeneuve, a Formula One racetrack in Montréal * Villeneuv ...

. The French frigates ''Hortense'' and ''Hermione'' so out-gunned ''Cyane'' that Cadogan had no choice but to

strike his colours Striking the colors—meaning lowering the flag (the "colors") that signifies a ship's or garrison's allegiance—is a universally recognized indication of surrender, particularly for ships at sea. For a ship, surrender is dated from the time the ...

GarterPlateHenryCadogan5thEarlCadogan1891

By 1807, George was a

Post Captain Post-captain is an obsolete alternative form of the rank of Captain (Royal Navy), captain in the Royal Navy. The term served to distinguish those who were captains by rank from: * Officers in command of a naval vessel, who were (and still are) ...

and in 1811 he was given command of the newly commissioned HMS ''Havannah'', a 36-gun

fifth rate In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a fifth rate was the second-smallest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six " ratings" based on size and firepower. Rating The rating system in the Royal N ...

frigate A frigate () is a type of warship. In different eras, the roles and capabilities of ships classified as frigates have varied somewhat. The name frigate in the 17th to early 18th centuries was given to any full-rigged ship built for speed and ...

. In 1812 ''Havannah'' was ordered to the Adriatic, to reinforce the British squadron there that had already defeated the French forces in the area at several battles in 1811. ''Havannah'' was based at the island of Lissa, but in 1813 Cadogan was ordered to operate against the Northern Italian coastline in conjunction with the approaching forces of the

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during the

War of the Sixth Coalition In the War of the Sixth Coalition (March 1813 – May 1814), sometimes known in Germany as the Wars of Liberation, a coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, Spain, the United Kingdom, Portugal, Sweden, and a number of German States defeated F ...

.HMS Havannah
''Ships of the Old Navy'', Retrieved 15 June 2008 Cadogan was highly successful in this endeavour, destroying or capturing numerous French and Italian ships off

Vasto Vasto ( Abruzzese: '; grc, Ἱστόνιον, Histonion}, la, Histonium) is a ''comune'' on the Adriatic coast of the Province of Chieti, in southern Abruzzo, Italy. During the Middle Ages it was called d''Guastaymonis'', '' Vasto d'Aimone'' or ...

and other ports on the French-held coastline. In October 1813, Cadogan was attached to the force under Thomas Fremantle that forced the surrender of

Trieste Trieste ( , ; sl, Trst ; german: Triest ) is a city and seaport in northeastern Italy. It is the capital city, and largest city, of the autonomous region of Friuli Venezia Giulia, one of two autonomous regions which are not subdivided into provi ...

and later in the year ''Havannah'' successfully captured Zara from the French garrison in a daring coastal raid. In 1815, Cadogan returned to Britain and was made Companion of the

Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I of Great Britain, George I on 18 May 1725. The name derives from the elaborate medieval ceremony for appointing a knight, which involved Bathing#Medieval ...

. He is said in Rome in January 1816, received by the Pope on Monday 29th together with Col. George Wittmore and some other British Officers. The untimely deaths of six of Cadogan's seven brothers brought him the title of

(which his father had been awarded in 1800) on the death of his eldest brother

Charles Cadogan, 2nd Earl Cadogan Charles Henry Sloane Cadogan, 2nd Earl Cadogan (29 November 1749 – 23 December 1832) was a British nobleman, styled Viscount Chelsea from 1800 to 1807. The eldest child of Charles Cadogan, 3rd Baron Cadogan and Frances Bromley, he was baptised ...

in 1832. Cadogan took his seat in the

House of Lords The House of Lords, also known as the House of Peers, is the Bicameralism, upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Membership is by Life peer, appointment, Hereditary peer, heredity or Lords Spiritual, official function. Like the ...

, but remained a prominent naval officer, continuing to rise in the service and serving as aide-de-camp to King

William IV William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 – 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death in 1837. The third son of George III, William succeeded h ...

between 1830 and 1837 and

Queen Victoria Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until Death and state funeral of Queen Victoria, her death in 1901. Her reign of 63 years and 21 ...

between 1837 and 1841. By 1851, Cadogan was a vice-admiral and in 1852 he became a fellow of the

. Cadogan died a full admiral

Admiral of the Blue The Admiral of the Blue was a senior rank of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom, immediately outranked by the rank Admiral of the White (see order of precedence below). From 1688 to 1805 this rank was in order of precedence third; after 1805 ...

from 9 July 1857. ''The Navy List'', 1862. in 1864 in his London home in Piccadilly. As a naval captain in 1809 he had fought a duel with Lord Paget, who had seduced Cadogan's sister, Lady Charlotte.

Family

Cadogan was married to Honoria Louisa Blake and the couple had five children, the eldest surviving son of whom, Henry, became on his death 4th Earl Cadogan and the fifth General Sir

George Cadogan General Sir George Cadogan (2 December 1814 – 27 January 1880) was a general in the British Army. Life The fifth son of George Cadogan, 3rd Earl Cadogan and Honoria Louisa Blake (and thus the younger brother of the 4th earl). He joined the ...

of the British Army. His youngest son

Frederick William Cadogan Frederick William Cadogan DL, JP (16 December 1821 – 30 November 1904), styled The Honourable from 1831, was a British barrister and Liberal politician. He was the fourth son of George Cadogan, 3rd Earl Cadogan and his wife Honoria Louisa Bl ...

sat as

member of parliament A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members of ...

for

Cricklade Cricklade is a town and civil parish on the River Thames in north Wiltshire, England, midway between Swindon and Cirencester. It is the first downstream town on the Thames. The parish population at the 2011 census was 4,227. History Cricklade ...

Citations and references

Citations References *

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Cadogan, George Cadogan, 3rd Earl 1783 births 1864 deaths G Earls Cadogan Royal Navy admirals Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of London Companions of the Order of the Bath Knights Cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa Peers of the United Kingdom created by William IV

Life

Family

Citations and references

Further reading

External links