Gao Guanwu (; Hepburn: Ko Kango); (1892–1957) was a politician and military leader in the 1912–1949 Republic of China. He was an important politician in both the

Reformed Government of the Republic of China The Reformed Government of the Republic of China was a Chinese puppet state created by Japan that existed from 1938 to 1940 during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The regime had little authority or popular support, nor did it receive international ...

and the

Reorganized National Government of China The Wang Jingwei regime or the Wang Ching-wei regime is the common name of the Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China ( zh , t = 中華民國國民政府 , p = Zhōnghuá Mínguó Guómín Zhèngfǔ ), the government of the pup ...

. His former name was Yu ().

Biography

Gao Guanwu was born in

Chongming County Chongming District () is northernmost district of the provincial-level municipality of Shanghai. Chongming consists of three low-lying inhabited alluvial islands at the mouth of the Yangtze north of the Shanghai peninsula: Chongming, Changxi ...

, Jiangsu Province. After graduating from the

Baoding Military Academy Baoding Military Academy or Paoting Military Academy () was a military academy based in Baoding, during the late Qing dynasty and early Republic of China, in the first two decades of the 20th century. For a time, it was the most important milita ...

, he became a journalist with the newspaper ''Minquanbao'' (). Later he returned to military service, and successively held the offices of Chief of Staff of the

Guangzhou Guangzhou (, ; ; or ; ), also known as Canton () and alternatively romanized as Kwongchow or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of Guangdong province in southern China. Located on the Pearl River about north-northwest of Hong Kon ...

River Guard Headquarters, Manager of the Aviation Bureau of

Guangdong Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020) ...

, Chief of Staff of the Military Governor of

Guizhou Guizhou (; formerly Kweichow) is a landlocked province in the southwest region of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Guiyang, in the center of the province. Guizhou borders the autonomous region of Guangxi to the ...

and other posts. Furthermore, he was appointed Vice-Commander of the 10th Army of the National Revolutionary Army commanded by Wang Tianpei (). During the

Northern Expedition The Northern Expedition was a military campaign launched by the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) of the Kuomintang (KMT), also known as the "Chinese Nationalist Party", against the Beiyang government and other regional warlords in 1926. The ...

Gao Guanwu served as the commander of the National Revolutionary Army garrison in

Xuzhou Xuzhou (徐州), also known as Pengcheng (彭城) in ancient times, is a major city in northwestern Jiangsu province, China. The city, with a recorded population of 9,083,790 at the 2020 census (3,135,660 of which lived in the built-up area ma ...

. In March 1938 he was recruited to join the collaborationist

. He successively held the offices of Vice-Minister for Security and Chief of

Nanjing Nanjing (; , Mandarin pronunciation: ), alternately romanized as Nanking, is the capital of Jiangsu province of the People's Republic of China. It is a sub-provincial city, a megacity, and the second largest city in the East China region. T ...

City Office. When later Nanjing City was transformed into Nanjing Special City, he was appointed Mayor. After the creation of the Reorganized National Government of China headed by

Wang Jingwei Wang Jingwei (4 May 1883 – 10 November 1944), born as Wang Zhaoming and widely known by his pen name Jingwei, was a Chinese politician. He was initially a member of the left wing of the Kuomintang, leading a government in Wuhan in oppositi ...

, Gao Guanwu continued as Mayor of Nanjing Special City. He was also appointed a member of the Central Political Committee, on which he served four terms. In June 1940 he became the chairman of the

Jiangsu Jiangsu (; ; pinyin: Jiāngsū, alternatively romanized as Kiangsu or Chiangsu) is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. It is one of the leading provinces in finance, education, technology, and tourism, with its ca ...

Provincial Government. In January 1943 he became Governor of

Anhui Province Anhui , (; formerly romanized as Anhwei) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, part of the East China region. Its provincial capital and largest city is Hefei. The province is located across the basins of the Yangtze River ...

. At the end of 1943 he was appointed Governor of Jiangxi Province. After the surrender of Japan and the collapse of the Reorganized National Government of China, Gao Guanwu went into hiding to avoid arrest. His whereabouts during this period are mostly unknown, but he is known to have died in Shandong Province in 1957.Xu, ''op.cit.''

References

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Gao, Guanwu People of the Northern Expedition Republic of China politicians from Jiangsu Chinese collaborators with Imperial Japan Kuomintang collaborators with Imperial Japan Mayors of Nanjing 1892 births 1957 deaths