The Gangulu people, also written Kangulu, Kanolu, Kaangooloo, Ghungalu and other variations, are an

Aboriginal Australian Aboriginal Australians are the various Indigenous peoples of the Australian mainland and many of its islands, such as Tasmania, Fraser Island, Hinchinbrook Island, the Tiwi Islands, and Groote Eylandt, but excluding the Torres Strait Islands ...

people from the Mount Morgan area in

Queensland ) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , established_ ...

, Australia.

Name

At least one variant name for the Kangulu, ''Kaangooloo'', was formed from the word for "no", ''ka:ngu''.

Language

The Gangulu language is considered to be a dialect of Biri, belonging to the Greater Maric languages.

Country

Gangulu traditional lands occupied an estimated about the Dawson River as far south as

Banana A banana is an elongated, edible fruit – botanically a berry – produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the genus ''Musa''. In some countries, bananas used for cooking may be called "plantains", distinguis ...

and

Theodore Theodore may refer to: Places * Theodore, Alabama, United States * Theodore, Australian Capital Territory * Theodore, Queensland, a town in the Shire of Banana, Australia * Theodore, Saskatchewan, Canada * Theodore Reservoir, a lake in Sask ...

. To the northwest, they extended as far as the Mackenzie River and the vicinity of

Duaringa Duaringa is a town in the Central Highlands Region and a locality split between the Central Highlands Region and the Aboriginal Shire of Woorabinda in Central Queensland, Australia. In the , Duaringa had a population of 262 people. Geography ...

and Coomooboolaroo. Their eastern frontier lay towards

Biloela Biloela ( ) is a rural town and locality in Shire of Banana, Central Queensland, Australia. It is situated inland from the port city of Gladstone at the junction of the Burnett and Dawson highways. Biloela is the administrative centre of Banan ...

, Mount Morgan, Gogango Range, and the upper Don River.

Thangool Thangool is a rural town and Suburbs and localities (Australia), locality in the Shire of Banana, Queensland, Australia. In the , the locality of Thangool had a population of 741 people. Geography Thangool is north west of the state capital, ...

and the headwaters of Grevillea Creek marked its southeastern limits.

People

A correspondent of E. M. Curr, Peter McIntosh, a resident of the area, stated that the Gangulu were a confederation of several groups, the main ones being the Karranbal, the Maudalgo and the Mulkali. No further data were recorded to enable ethnographer

Norman Tindale Norman Barnett Tindale AO (12 October 1900 – 19 November 1993) was an Australian anthropologist, archaeologist, entomologist and ethnologist. Life Tindale was born in Perth, Western Australia in 1900. His family moved to Tokyo and lived ther ...

to clarify the precise nature of the last two groups, but the

AUSTLANG The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS), established as the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies (AIAS) in 1964, is an independent Australian Government statutory authority. It is a collecting, ...

database by

AIATSIS The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS), established as the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies (AIAS) in 1964, is an independent Australian Government statutory authority. It is a collecting, ...

reports that the Karranbal is the Garaynbal (Garingbal) dialect of Biri and Maudalgo is a variant name of the Wadjigu language and people, a separate group from the Biri, who spoke a Bidjara dialect. Mulkali is not further described. Along with many other remnants of Queensland tribes who had lost their traditional lands to colonial pastoralists, members of the Kangulu moved to the Cherbourg settlement.

Alternative names

* Ghungalu * Kaangooloo * Cangoolootha (''tha'' meant "speech") * Khangalu, Kangalo, Kongulu, Kongalu * Kangool-lo, Konguli, Gangulu *Cangoolootha, Gangu, Kangool lo, Kongulu, Khang, Ghangulu, Ka ngool lo

Notes

Citations

Sources

* * * * * * {{authority control Aboriginal peoples of Queensland