Galician Solidarity (SG, ''Solidaridad Gallega'' in

Spanish language Spanish ( or , Castilian) is a Romance languages, Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from colloquial Latin spoken on the Iberian peninsula. Today, it is a world language, global language with more than 500 millio ...

) was a Galician regionalist political organization active between 1907 and 1912.

History

After the electoral triumph of Catalan Solidarity in the elections of 1907, contacts between the opposition forces increased in Galicia for the establishment of a political force that would bring together all the sectors opposed to the turnista system and to ''caciquismo''. Autonomy for Galicia was the other main goal of Galician Solidarity. In the summer of 1907, 44 people have signed the ''Manifesto Solidario'', which gave rise to Galician Solidarity. Among the founders of Solidarity were the

republicans Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...

led by

José Rodríguez Martínez José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced differently in each language: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacul ...

, federal republicans led by

Segundo Moreno Barcia Segundo may refer to: * ''Segundo'' (Juana Molina album), 2000 * ''Segundo'' (Cooder Graw album), 2001 *Segundo, Ponce, Puerto Rico, a ''barrio'' in the ''municipio'' of Ponce, Puerto Rico *Segundo River, a river in Cordoba, Argentina *, a United S ...

, traditionalists led by

Juan Vázquez de Mella Juan Vázquez de Mella y Fanjul (1861–1928) was a Spanish politician and a political theorist. He is counted among the greatest Traditionalist thinkers, at times considered the finest author of Spanish Traditionalism of all time. A politician ac ...

and the regionalists led by Manuel Murguía,

Galo Salinas Galo may refer to: People * Galo Blanco (born 1976), Spanish tennis player * Galo Chiriboga, Ecuadorian lawyer, politician and administrator * Galo Galecio (1906–1993), Ecuadorian painter, sculptor, caricaturist and printmaker * Galo Ocampo (191 ...

and Uxío Carré. The opposition towards ''caciquismo'' and support for agricultural associations were the main pillars of the organization. Under the patronage of Galician Solidarity, 400 agrarian societies were formed, although in 1911 only 85 remained affiliated with SG. In the municipal elections of 1909 SG obtained 258 town councilors in the province of

A Coruña A Coruña (; es, La Coruña ; historical English: Corunna or The Groyne) is a city and municipality of Galicia, Spain. A Coruña is the most populated city in Galicia and the second most populated municipality in the autonomous community and s ...

(absolute majority in 12

municipalities A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

), but the differences between the members and currents of the organization prevented their consolidation. In the municipal elections of 1910 obtained bad results.

Press

'' Solidarismo Gallego'' was the official newspaper of SG, published for the first time in December 1907. On April 16, 1908, ''Solidarismo Gallego'' was replaced by the weekly ''Solidaridad Gallega'', also directed by Rodrigo Sanz and disappeared in 1911 or 1912. The republican and

leftist Left-wing politics describes the range of political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy. Left-wing politics typically involve a concern for those in soci ...

faction edited '' Galicia Solidaria'' between 1907 and 1908.

Factions

* Republicans: this faction was formed mainly by urban and

left-wing Left-wing politics describes the range of political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy. Left-wing politics typically involve a concern for those in soci ...

people, specially by the members of the Republican Union Party. The republican faction was very strong in

and

Ferrolterra Ferrol is a coastal ''comarca'' in the northwest of the province of A Coruña, Galicia, Spain. It is also known as Ferrolterra. The area is 613.4 km2, and the overall population of this ''comarca'' was 161,154 at the 2011 Census; the latest offic ...

. * Federal Republicans: this faction was formed by

federalists The term ''federalist'' describes several political beliefs around the world. It may also refer to the concept of parties, whose members or supporters called themselves ''Federalists''. History Europe federation In Europe, proponents of de ...

that were influenced by the ideas of Francesc Pi i Margall. The majority of federal republicans wanted to create a Galician State in a Federal Spanish Republic. The majority of them were organized in the

Federal Democratic Republican Party The Federal Democratic Republican Party ( es, Partido Republicano Democrático Federal, PRDF) was a Spanish political party founded in 1868 during the Glorious Revolution that was active until 1912. Its ideology was federal republicanism and pro ...

. This faction was very strong in

Lugo Lugo (, ; la, Lucus Augusti) is a city in northwestern Spain in the autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Galicia (Spain), Galicia. It is the capital of the Lugo (province), province of Lugo. The municipality had a population ...

and

. * Traditionalist: this faction was formed by

carlists Carlism ( eu, Karlismo; ca, Carlisme; ; ) is a Traditionalist and Legitimist political movement in Spain aimed at establishing an alternative branch of the Bourbon dynasty – one descended from Don Carlos, Count of Molina (1788–1855) – ...

and conservative Catholics. Most of them were organized in the

Carlist Party The Carlist Party ( es, Partido Carlista, ca, Partit Carlí, eu, Karlista Alderdia, gl, Partido Carlista, ast, Partíu Carlista; PC) is a Spanish political party that considers itself as a successor to the historical tradition of Carlism. ...

. This faction was strong in

Santiago Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is the center of Chile's most densely populated region, the Santiago Metropolitan Region, whose ...

. * Regionalists: this faction was formed by mainly

liberal Liberal or liberalism may refer to: Politics * a supporter of liberalism ** Liberalism by country * an adherent of a Liberal Party * Liberalism (international relations) * Sexually liberal feminism * Social liberalism Arts, entertainment and m ...

regionalists. Their main leaders were Manuel Murguía and Eugenio Carré Aldao. They're main goal was the autonomy of

Galiza Galicia (; gl, Galicia or ; es, Galicia}; pt, Galiza) is an autonomous community of Spain and historic nationality under Spanish law. Located in the northwest Iberian Peninsula, it includes the provinces of A Coruña, Lugo, Ourense, and ...

. This faction was strong in the city of

, were a lot of the members of the Galician League had joined SG. * Agrarianists: this faction was composed of agrarianist activist of the rural areas. Some of them would later join

Acción Gallega Acción Gallega (AG, ''Galician Action'' in English language) was one of the most important agrarianist, antiturnista and anti-client politics ( anticaciquismo) political movements in Galicia in the 20th century. With a decidedly antiforal and r ...

. This factions supported the creation of agrarian associations and agrarian unions. The agrarianist also wanted to end the ''foros'', an amount of money that the galician peasants had to pay to the owners of their land (mainly low nobility, the church and rich farmers).

Notes

References

*Rosa, Cal (1998): ''Origen de la prensa nacionalista gallega: Apuntes divulgativos.'' Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid
Full article here (Spanish language).
*Beramendi, X.G. and Núñez Seixas, X.M. (1996): ''O nacionalismo galego''.

A Nosa Terra ''A Nosa Terra'' (in en, Our Land, italic=yes) was a Galician newspaper in Galician language, first founded in 1907 in A Coruña, Spain. It has been published in different periods. Periods 1907 - 1908 ''A Nosa Terra'', was a bilingual Span ...

Vigo Vigo ( , , , ) is a city and Municipalities in Spain, municipality in the province of Pontevedra, within the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Galicia (Spain), Galicia, Spain. Located in the northwest of the Iberian Penins ...

*Beramendi, X.G. (2007): ''De provincia a nación. Historia do galeguismo político''. Xerais,

*Villares, Ramón (2004): ''Historia de Galicia'', Galaxia,

. *López Carreira, Anselmo (2013): ''Historia de Galicia'', Xerais,

. {{Galician nationalism, state=collapsed 1907 establishments in Spain 1912 disestablishments in Spain Defunct nationalist parties in Spain Galician nationalist parties Political parties disestablished in 1892 Political parties established in 1890 Political parties in Galicia (Spain) Regionalist parties in Spain