ray-finned fish
Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species.
The ray-finned fishes are so called because their fins are webs of skin supported by bony or h ...
, also called the Anacanthini, that includes the
cod
Cod is the common name for the demersal fish genus '' Gadus'', belonging to the family Gadidae. Cod is also used as part of the common name for a number of other fish species, and one species that belongs to genus ''Gadus'' is commonly not call ...
. Many major food fish are in this order. They are found in marine waters throughout the world and the vast majority of the species are found in
temperate
In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (23.5° to 66.5° N/S of Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ranges throughout ...
or colder regions (tropical species are typically deep-water). A few species may enter
estuaries
An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. Estuaries form a transition zone between river environments and maritime environmen ...
but only one, the
burbot
The burbot (''Lota lota'') is the only gadiform (cod-like) freshwater fish. It is also known as bubbot, mariah, loche, cusk, freshwater cod, freshwater ling, freshwater cusk, the lawyer, coney-fish, lingcod, and eelpout. The species is closel ...
(''Lota lota''), is a freshwater fish.
Common characteristics include the positioning of the pelvic fins (if present), below or in front of the
pectoral fin
Fins are distinctive anatomical features composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish. They are covered with skin and joined together either in a webbed fashion, as seen in most bony fish, or similar to a flipper, as ...
s. Gadiformes are
physoclist Physoclisti are, collectively, fishes that lack a connection between the gas bladder and the alimentary canal, with the bladder serving only as a buoyancy organ.
Addition and removal of the gases from the gas bladder in such physoclistous fishes ...
pneumatic duct
The swim bladder, gas bladder, fish maw, or air bladder is an internal gas-filled organ that contributes to the ability of many bony fish (but not cartilaginous fish) to control their buoyancy, and thus to stay at their current water depth wit ...
. The fins are spineless. Gadiform fish range in size from the
codlet
Codlets are a family, Bregmacerotidae, of cod-like fishes, containing the single genus ''Bregmaceros'' found in tropical and subtropical waters throughout the world. They are very small fishes and even the largest, ''B. lanceolatus'', reaches on ...
s, which may be as small as in adult length, to the
Atlantic cod
The Atlantic cod (''Gadus morhua'') is a benthopelagic fish of the family Gadidae, widely consumed by humans. It is also commercially known as cod or codling.Early
from: -99.6 till: -65.5 color:latecretaceous text:
Late
Late may refer to:
* LATE, an acronym which could stand for:
** Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy, a proposed form of dementia
** Local-authority trading enterprise, a New Zealand business law
** Local average treatment effect, ...
Cretaceous
The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of ...
Merluccius
''Merluccius'' is a genus of merluccid hakes from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, where mainly found relatively deep.
The generic name is derived from French ''mer'' ("sea") and Latin ''lucius'', " pike." Species
The 14 recognized species in th ...
Tripterophycis
''Tripterophycis'' is a genus of morid cods.
Species
The currently recognized species in this genus are:
* '' Tripterophycis gilchristi'' Boulenger Boulenger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Benjamin Boulenger (born 1990 ...
Eophycis
''Eophycis'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric morid gadiform fish that lived during the early Oligocene epoch in the Paratethys ocean in what now the Polish Carpathians.
See also
* Prehistoric fish
* List of prehistoric bony fish
A ''lis ...
Gaidropsarus
''Gaidropsarus'' is a genus of lotid fishes, with these currently recognized species:
* '' Gaidropsarus argentatus'' ( J. C. H. Reinhardt, 1837) (Arctic rockling)
* '' Gaidropsarus biscayensis'' ( Collett, 1890) (Mediterranean bigeye rockling)
* ...
Gadiculus
''Gadiculus'', or the silvery pouts, are genus of cod, fishes in the family Gadidae. They are distributed in the coastal waters of the Northeast Atlantic and the adjacent Mediterranean Sea. They do not grow larger than and are of minor importa ...
Trisopterus
''Trisopterus'' is a genus of small cods, family Gadidae. They are native to the northeastern Atlantic Ocean including the Mediterranean Sea.
Species
There are currently four recognized species in this genus:
* '' Trisopterus capelanus'' ( Lacep ...
Physiculus
''Physiculus'' is a genus of morid cods.
Species
The 42 currently recognized species in this genus are:
* '' Physiculus andriashevi'' Shcherbachev, 1993
* '' Physiculus argyropastus'' Alcock, 1894
* '' Physiculus beckeri'' Shcherbachev, 1993
...
Molva
''Molva'' is a genus of lotid fishes, the lings, with these currently recognized species:
* '' Molva dypterygia'' ( Pennant, 1784) (blue ling)
* '' Molva macrophthalma'' (Rafinesque, 1810) (Spanish ling)
* ''Molva molva'' (Linnaeus, 1758) (common ...
Merlangius
''Merlangius merlangus'', commonly known as Whiting or merling, is an important food fish in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean and the northern Mediterranean, western Baltic, and Black Sea. In Anglophonic countries outside the Whiting's natural ...
Bolbocara
''Bolbocara gyrinus'' is an extinct rattail that lived during the Upper Miocene subepoch of Southern California. It may be related to the extant genus '' Bathygadus''.
See also
* Prehistoric fish
The evolution of fish began about 530 mil ...
Gadus
''Gadus'' is a genus of demersal fish in the family Gadidae, commonly known as cod, although there are additional cod species in other genera. The best known member of the genus is the Atlantic cod.
Species
Today, three species in the genus ar ...
Pseudophycis
''Pseudophycis'' is a genus of codlings of the family Moridae found around New Zealand and Southern Australia.
Species
The currently recognized species in this genus are:
* ''Pseudophycis bachus'' ( J. R. Forster, 1801) (red codling)
* '' Pseudo ...
Theragra
The Alaska pollock or walleye pollock (''Gadus chalcogrammus'') is a marine fish species of the cod genus '' Gadus'' and family Gadidae.
It is a semi-pelagic schooling fish widely distributed in the North Pacific, with largest concentrations ...
Microgadus
''Microgadus'', the Tomcods, is a genus of cods.
Species
There are currently two recognized species in this genus:
* ''Microgadus proximus'' ( Girard, 1854) (Pacific tomcod)
* ''Microgadus tomcod
''Microgadus tomcod'', also commonly known a ...
Pollachius
Pollock or pollack (pronounced ) is the common name used for either of the two species of North Atlantic marine fish in the genus ''Pollachius''. ''Pollachius pollachius'' is referred to as pollock in North America, Ireland and the United Kin ...
Late
Late may refer to:
* LATE, an acronym which could stand for:
** Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy, a proposed form of dementia
** Local-authority trading enterprise, a New Zealand business law
** Local average treatment effect, ...
Cretaceous
The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of ...