GU Film House

Greater Union Organisation Pty Ltd, trading as Event Cinemas, Greater Union, GU Film House, Moonlight Cinema and Birch Carroll & Coyle (BCC Cinemas), is the largest movie exhibitor in Australia and New Zealand, with over 140 cinema complexes currently operating worldwide.

The Greater Union Organisation is a subsidiary of the ASX-listed Event Hospitality and Entertainment, a corporation that owns and operates brands in the entertainment, hospitality and leisure sectors, mainly within Australasia.

History

The Event Cinemas cinema chain has had a great impact on the Australian culture and film industry, and has a history of mergers and acquisitions and liquidations that span over a century.

Early 20th century

From 1906 to 1911, during the silent era, Australia was the most prolific producer of feature films in the world, a period which included the creation of the first feature-length film The Kelly Gang. This creative and fertile period in Australian film history was largely created by competition between West's Pictures, Spencer's Pictures and Amalgamated Pictures. On 4 May 1912 the three joined to form The General Film Company of Australasia. On 4 January 1913 it then merged with The Greater J.D. Williams Amusement Co and restructured to become The Combine, a famous partnership between exhibition wing Union Theatres and the production and distribution wing Australasian Films.

The Combine monopoly was highly influential on the early twentieth-century Australian film industry. However, it came under heavy criticism for its low interest in producing Australian films, its preference for imported cinema, and its reluctance to exhibit Australian films by other producers. Film icon and director Raymond Longford, whose independent production company had come under attack by the group, said in 1927 that "had it not been for the activities of that firm in its endeavour to crush it in its infancy, the local picture would now be 10 years at least advanced to the height now attained by the Americans." Historians have traced the sharp decline of the Australian film industry in 1913 to the repercussions of these series of takeovers and mergers. James Sabine has said that "the stranglehold of The Combine forced a decline in local production and contributed to many Australian production companies closing their doors."

The Combine continued to grow into the 1920s during the genesis of the Hollywood era with its focus on exhibiting American films. The Great Depression saw Union Theatres being liquidated in 1931 and its assets purchased by newly formed Greater Union Theatres. This new company split from Australasian Films, established the Hollywood-model subsidiary Cinesound Productions, expanded into radio and newspaper, and kept its major focus on building and managing cinemas. Due to The Depression, Greater Union Theatres merged into the General Film Corporation with Hoyts, a competitor who had secured Fox Film as a shareholder. In 1937 Norman Rydge became managing director and removed the company from the previous merger.

1945–: post-war expansion

In 1945, the last year of World War II, there was a box office boom and the British Rank Organisation purchased a half share in Greater Union Theatres. During this time Greater Union acquired the rights of ownership of many theatres across the country including what became the Phoenician Club in Broadway, Sydney in 1943, originally owned by McIntyre's Broadway Theatres and established as a cinema in 1911. It acquired the Clifford Theatre Circuit in Adelaide in March 1947. The purchase price of £300,000 for the 22 suburban and regional cinemas was "believed to be the largest motion picture transaction ever made in Australia". The Clifford name was retained as a tribute to the entrepreneur Dan Clifford, and South Australian staff were retained.

In 1958 the four holding companies in the Greater Union Theatres group were merged into the Rydge family Amalgamated Holdings Limited (AHL), and in 1965 Greater Union Theatres was renamed the Greater Union Organisation (GUO). In 1980 billionaire Alan Rydge was appointed Chairman of AHL to become the youngest chairman of an Australian public company.

In 1975 Greater union bought the old Metro Theatre in Hindley Street, Adelaide, and redeveloped it as a modern four-screen cinema complex, called Hindley Cinemas 1–4. In October 1980 the company bought the building that had once housed the first cinema in Adelaide, West's Olympia, also in Hindley Street, reopening a rebuilt complex in December 1982 as Hindley Cinemas 5–6.

In 1984 AHL regained control over the now-defunct Rank Organisation's half share, meaning that it once again became fully Australian-owned. In 1987 GUO merged with Village Roadshow to form the distribution company Roadshow Film Distributors, and by that time, GUO and Village Roadshow partnered on a $100 million cinema chain that will see 200 circuits expanded by use by 1990.

In 1991 GUO acquired Birch, Carroll & Coyle. In the same year, Hindley Cinemas 1–4 and 5–6 closed.

21st century

In 2003 AHL and Village Roadshow combined to form Australian Theatres.

Since 2009 a number of cinemas have been renamed from Greater Union Cinemas to Event Cinemas. On 22 December 2015 AHL was renamed Event Hospitality and Entertainment.

In 2019, Birch Carroll & Coyle was inducted into the Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame in recognition of being Australia's leading provincial film distributor and its industry leadership throughout Queensland for 80 years.

Locations

Australia

Event Cinemas have over sixty cinema venues around Australia, many of which are located in large shopping centres. The cinema complexes comprise multiple screens. The below locations do not include sites that operate under the joint venture between Village Roadshow and Event Hospitality & Entertainment known as Australian Theatres.

New South Wales

* Beverly Hills - trading as GU Filmhouse
* Blacktown - trading as Skyline Drive-In
* Bondi Junction
* Burwood
* Campbelltown
* Castle Hill
* Coffs Harbour - trading as BCC Cinemas
* Cronulla - trading as GU Filmhouse
* Ed Square
* Glendale
* Hornsby
* Hurstville
* Kotara

* Lismore
* Liverpool
* Macquarie
* Miranda
* Parramatta
* Shellharbour - trading as Greater Union
* Sydney CBD - colloquially known as George St
* Top Ryde City
* Tuggerah
* Wollongong - trading as Greater Union

Northern Territory
* Casuarina - trading as BCC Cinemas
* Palmerston

Queensland

* Brisbane City
* Broadbeach - colloquially known as Pacific Fair
* Browns Plains
* Cairns Central
* Cairns Earlville - trading as BCC Cinemas
* Cairns Smithfield
* Capalaba - trading as BCC Cinemas
* Carindale
* Chermside
* Coolangatta - trading as BCC Cinemas - Permanently Closed March 9th 2022
* Coomera
* Indooroopilly
* Kawana
* Loganholme
* Mackay City - trading as BCC Cinemas - Permanently Closed December 19th 2019
* Mackay Mount Pleasant - trading as BCC Cinemas
* Maroochydore - trading as BCC Cinemas
* Mt Gravatt - colloquially known as Garden City

* Morayfield - trading as BCC Cinemas - Permanently Closed April 13 2022
* Noosa - trading as BCC Cinemas
* North Lakes
* Robina
* Rockhampton North - trading as BCC Cinemas
* Southport - colloquially known as Australia Fair
* Springfield
* Strathpine - trading as BCC Cinemas
* Toombul - trading as BCC Cinemas
* Toowoomba - trading as BCC Cinemas Grand Central
* Toowoomba - trading as BCC Cinemas Toowoomba Strand
* Townsville - trading as Event Cinemas Townsville Central
* Townsville - trading as Event Cinemas Townsville City

South Australia
* Adelaide - trading as GU Filmhouse – Permanent Closure announced October 2020
* Arndale - trading as Greater Union – Permanent Closure announced August 2020
* Glenelg - trading as GU Filmhouse
* Marion

Western Australia
* Innaloo
* Morley - trading as Greater Union
* Whitford

With cinema admissions in decline, Event Cinemas has continued to experience growth by raising the price of admissions and offering "premium experiences" such as "Gold Class" which offers more luxury seating and food, "Vmax" which offers a larger screen, and alternate content including Bollywood films, football, gaming, film festivals, opera and stand-up comedy events.

Fiji

Within Fiji, Damodar Event Cinemas is a joint venture between Village Cinemas, and the Fijian-based Damodar Brothers, who operate the existing two-cinema chain under licence since 2010.
The brand has since changed its name to "Damodar Cinemas".

* Damodar City - trading as Damodar Event Cinemas

New Zealand

Event Cinemas operates cinemas in New Zealand's major urban centres, including the Embassy Theatre in Wellington. Hollywood blockbusters are regularly shown alongside arthouse features and film festivals such as the New Zealand International Film Festival.

* Albany
* Auckland - colloquially known as Queen St
* Blenheim
* Broadway
* Chartwell
* Coastlands
* Dunedin - trading as Rialto Cinemas
* Havelock North
* Henderson - colloquially known as Westcity
* Manukau
* Mt Maunganui
* Newmarket - trading as Rialto Cinemas
* New Plymouth
* Palmerston North
* Sandringham - colloquially known as St Lukes
* Tauranga
* Tauranga Crossing
* Queensgate
* Wellington - trading as The Embassy
* Westgate
* Whangarei

Experiences

Gold Class

Gold Class cinemas, a luxury cinema format, is provided at a number of Event/BCC/Greater Union Cinemas locations in Australia, New Zealand & Fiji. Gold Class Cinemas include butlered refreshments, à la carte menu offerings and reclining seats in a cinema with a small number of seats. Village Cinemas first originated the concept of Gold Class, and has since popularised with the integration into the Event Group.

All Gold Class Cinemas are operated in separate areas within regular cinema complexes. Event/BCC/Greater Union Gold Class branded cinemas are located at:

In Australia:

* Bondi Junction
* Broadbeach - colloquially known as Pacific Fair
* Campbelltown
* Carindale
* Castle Hill
* Chermside
* Coomera
* Mt Gravatt - colloquially known as Garden City
* Indooroopilly
* Innaloo
* Kawana
* Kotara
* Loganholme

* Macquarie
* Marion
* Miranda
* North Lakes
* Parramatta
* Robina
* Southport - colloquially known as Australia Fair
* Springfield
* Sydney CBD - colloquially known as George St
* Whitford

In Fiji:

* Damodar Event Cinemas

In New Zealand:

* Albany
* Auckland - colloquially known as Queen St

V-Max

V-Max cinemas feature enhanced film display, picture quality, and immersive surround sound. The screens at V-Max used to be a minimum width of 25 meters or greater, however, that was lowered to 20 metres in 2010. V-Max cinemas are placed in large auditoriums which feature larger seats, stadium seating and wider arm-rests. Some locations also feature Dolby Atmos. The V-Max format is also provided at many Event Cinemas sites in Australia and New Zealand.

V-Max Cinemas are usually separate from the normal cinema complexes, like the Gold Class. There are certain locations that has Dolby Atmos surround sound included in their V-Max cinemas (brackets indicating). V-Max Cinema locations include:

In Australia:

* Adelaide (Dolby Atmos)
* Bondi Junction
* Brisbane City Myer Centre
* Browns Plains
* Burwood
* Cairns Central
* Cairns Smithfield (Dolby Atmos)
* Campbelltown
* Carindale
* Castle Hill
* Chermside
* Coomera (Dolby Atmos)
* Ed Square (Dolby Atmos)
* Garden City Mt Gravatt
* George Street (Sydney CBD) (Dolby Atmos)
* Glendale
* Hornsby
* Hurstville (Dolby Atmos)
* Indooroopilly

* Innaloo
* Kawana (Dolby Atmos)
* Kotara (Dolby Atmos)
* Liverpool
* Loganholme
* Marion
* Miranda (Dolby Atmos)
* North Lakes (Dolby Atmos)
* Pacific Fair (Dolby Atmos)
* Palmerston (Dolby Atmos)
* Parramatta
* Robina
* Springfield (Dolby Atmos)
* Top Ryde City
* Townsville City
* Tuggerah
* Whitford (Dolby Atmos)

In New Zealand:

* Queensgate Shopping Centre (Dolby Atmos)
* Westfield St Lukes
* Westfield Manukau
* Westfield Albany
* Westfield Newmarket (Dolby Atmos)
* Tauranga Crossing (Dolby Atmos)

IMAX with Laser

IMAX with Laser uses precision lasers a sharper brighter images. This technology is currently avaliable at Event Cinemas Auckland (Queen St) and Event Cinemas Queensgate (Wellington)

Digital 3D

GUO converted most of their Australian auditoriums and flagship cinemas to digital projectors. The installation of these projectors means that most auditoriums are now RealD Cinema 3D capable.

4DX

In late 2018, the first 4DX screen owned by the Event Group was opened in George Street (Sydney CBD). 4DX stimulates all five senses, featuring moving seats and special effects including wind, fog, water and scents that synchronise with the action on screen.

Boutique

EVENT Boutique cinemas feature recliners with footrest, and in-cinema food-and-drink service. Guests have access to the Boutique Cinema 30 minutes prior to their session. Boutique is currently available at Event Cinemas George St (Sydney CBD).

Moonlight Cinema

Moonlight Cinema is an Outdoor cinema, outdoor seasonal exhibitor that operates in most Australian metropolitan areas. Moonlight was acquired by EVENT in 2010 from Prime Media Group for $1.75million. The division continues to grow and has signed 3 new venue contracts since its acquisition, and currently operates in:

New South Wales
* Centennial Parklands, Sydney.
* Western Sydney Parklands, Sydney.

Queensland
* Roma Street Parkland, Brisbane.

South Australia
* Botanic Park, Adelaide.

Victoria
* Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne.

Western Australia
* Kings Park, Perth.

In addition, each venue offers 'Gold Grass' a luxurious outdoor-cinema experience, similar to the offerings of Event Cinemas' 'Gold Class'.

Cinebuzz Rewards

All cinema brands trading under EVENT, including Greater Union and BCC cinemas, share the benefits of the Cinebuzz Rewards Program. Free for members, the program grants access to advance screenings, ticket discounts, and one free movie ticket for every six movies viewed at EVENT. The program is aimed at encouraging brand loyalty and recognising VIP Customers and currently has over 3 million members in Australia.

Controversy

The exhibition and production company that became Event Cinemas has been widely criticised as the cause of the downfall of early Australian film, which was argued to be the best in the world at the time.

In 2005, Event Cinemas banned people from bringing their own food and drink into the cinema. After negative public reaction and a threat of investigation by NSW Fair Trading, the company was forced to revoke the rule. People complained that Event Cinema's food was more than double the price of that in supermarkets and had less variety.

In 2012, Australian journalist Tim Burrowes attended a screening of '' Skyfall'' at an Event Cinema. There were various technical difficulties which resulted in the audience being asked to leave and a manager threatening Burrowes for filming the crowd's reactions.

In the lead up to the 2016 Australian Federal Election, Chairman Alan Rydge was reported to have donated to Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull's controversial political fund the Wentworth Forum.

There have been numerous incidents of faulty popcorn machines causing fires to break out in Event Cinema complexes, including Top Ryde in 2011, Adelaide and Rockhampton in September 2015, Perth in December 2015, and Sydney in August 2016.

See also

*Australian Theatres
* Event Hospitality and Entertainment
* Hoyts
* The Movie Masters Cinema Group
* Village Cinemas
* Wallis Cinemas
* Warner Village Cinemas
*Cinema of Australia

References

External links

Event Cinemas Australia Official SiteEvent Cinemas New Zealand Official SiteEvent Hospitality & Entertainment Limited Official SiteEvent Cinemas Australia FacebookEvent Cinemas Australia Twitter

{{CinemaofAustralia

Cinema chains in Australia
Cinemas in New Zealand
Entertainment companies established in 1913
1913 establishments in Australia