__NOTOC__
Francesco Bartolozzi (21 September 1727, in
Florence
Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany Regions of Italy, region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilan ...
– 7 March 1815, in
Lisbon) was an Italian
engraver, whose most productive period was spent in
London
London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...
. He is noted for popularizing the "crayon" method of engraving.
Early life
Bartolozzi was born in
Florence
Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany Regions of Italy, region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilan ...
in 1727. He was originally destined to follow the profession of his father, a gold- and silver-smith, but he manifested so much skill and taste in designing that he was placed under the supervision of two Florentine artists, including
Ignazio Hugford
''A miracle of St. Francis of Paola'' by Hugford.
Ignazio Hugford, or Ignatius Heckford (1703–1778), was an Italian painter active mostly in Tuscany in an early Neoclassic style.
Life and work
Ignazio Hugford was born in Pisa, the son of a ...
and
Giovanni Domenico Ferretti who instructed him in painting. After devoting three years to that art, he went to
Venice
Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The isla ...
and studied engraving. He spent six years there working for
Joseph Wagner, an engraver and printseller, before setting up his own workshop.
Early career
His first productions in Venice were plates in the style of
Marco Ricci,
Zuccarelli. He then moved for a short time in 1762 to
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
, where he completed a set of engravings representing frescoes at Grottaferrata by
Domenichino
Domenico Zampieri (, ; October 21, 1581 – April 6, 1641), known by the diminutive Domenichino (, ) after his shortness, was an Italian Baroque painter of the Bolognese School of painters.
Life
Domenichino was born in Bologna, son of a sho ...
depicting the ''life of
St Nilus''. Those and his etchings of
's works, began to draw attention throughout Europe. In 1763 he met
Richard Dalton, the English Royal Librarian who was traveling in Italy looking for acquisitions for the King's collections. Dalton offered him an appointment as Engraver to the King; Bartolozzi accepted and left for
London
London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...
in 1764.
Career in London
He lived in London for nearly forty years. He produced an enormous number of engravings, including ''Clytie'' after
Annibale Carracci, and of the Virgin and Child, after
Carlo Dolci. A large proportion of them are from the works of
Cipriani and
Angelica Kauffman. Bartolozzi also contributed a number of plates to
Boydell's
Shakespeare Gallery. He also drew sketches of his own in red chalk. Soon after arriving in London, he was appointed 'Engraver to the King' (
George III
George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two kingdoms on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Br ...
) with an annual salary of £300. He was elected a founding member of the
Royal Academy. The new Academy's bylaws specifically excluded engravers but Bartolozzi was so well esteemed that he was brought in as an Academician in the category of Painter.
In 1802 he became the founding President of the short-lived
Society of Engravers.
While Bartolozzi was not the original inventor of the
crayon manner of engraving, he became a leading exponent that "stipple" method and it became associated with him. With that technique images are created by delicate dots rather than lines as in traditional etchings or engravings. Bartolozzi added distinction to his work by using red (sanguine), orange and brown inks rather than common black ink.
As his prominence grew, he took on students including Michele Benedetti, Ignatius Joseph van den Berghe,
Thomas Cheesman,
Lambertus Antonius Claessens,
Daniel Gardner
Daniel Gardner (1750 – 8 July 1805) was a British painter, best known for his work as a portraitist. He established a fashionable studio in Bond Street in London, specializing in small scale portraits in pastel, crayons or gouache, often bo ...
,
Christiaan Josi,
Johan Fredrik Martin
Johan Fredrik Martin (8 June 1755 – 28 September 1816) was a Swedish painter and engraver of the eighteenth century. He worked in a variety of media, especially stipple, contour etching and aquatint.
Biography
Martin was born in Stockholm, ...
, Conrad Martin Metz,
Luigi Schiavonetti
Luigi Schiavonetti (1 April 1765 – 7 June 1810) was an Italian reproductive engraver and etcher.
Life
Luigi Schiavonetti was born at Bassano in Venetia. He was the maternal nephew of Teodoro Viero. After having studied art for several ...
,
John Keyse Sherwin
John Keyse Sherwin (175124 September 1790) was an English engraver and history-painter.
Biography
Sherwin was born at East Dean in Sussex. His father was a wood-cutter employed in shaping bolts for shipbuilders, and the son followed the same oc ...
, Heinrich Sintzenich,
Peltro William Tomkins,
Domenico Bernardo Zilotti, and
Gavriil Skorodumov
Gavriil Ivanovich Skorodumov (russian: Гавриил Иванович Скородумов; 12 March 1755 – 12 July 1792) was a Russian engraver, draftsman, and painter, best known for his stipple prints. Closely associated with the Florentine ...
.
His son
Gaetano Stefano Bartolozzi
Gaetano Stefano Bartolozzi (1757–1821) was an Italian engraver, art dealer, and merchant. He was the son of the famous engraver Francesco Bartolozzi, a friend of Joseph Haydn, the husband of the outstanding pianist Theresa Jansen, and the fathe ...
, born in 1757, also became an engraver and later fathered
Madame Vestris a celebrated English actress, opera singer, and theater manager.
Career in Lisbon
In 1802, Bartolozzi accepted the post of director of the National Academy of
Lisbon and moved there with the intention of reforming the royal press and producing an edition of the Portuguese epic poem
''The Lusiads (Os Lusíadas)''. By then he was in his seventies and delegated much of the work to one of his students.
Despite his fame and prolific output, debts forced him to sell off most of his prints and possessions. Bartolozzi died in his studio in 1815 and was buried in the common grave of a Lisbon church.
Works
Ticozzi and Bryan both published lists of his output, including:
Original etchings
*''Abraham and the Angels''.
*''The Miracle of the Manna''.
*''Job abandoned by his Friends''.
*''Charity'', an oval; inscribed ''Ipse feci ''.
*''The Origin of Painting'' (1787).
*''The Virgin and Infant''; (circular).
Etchings after masterworks
*''St. Francis of Sales triumphs over Heresy''; after
Ottavio Amiconi.
*''St. Luke paints the Portrait of the Virgin''; after
Cantarini.
*''The Adulteress before Christ''; after
Agostino Carracci.
*''Roland and Olympia'', ''Clytie'', and other drawings in the Royal Collection after
Annibale Carracci.
*A set of eight subjects; after
Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione
Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione (baptized 23 March 16095 May 1664) was an Italian Baroque painter, printmaker and draftsman, of the Genoese school. He is best known now for his etchings, and as the inventor of the printmaking technique of monoty ...
.
Etchings after Cipriani
*''The Parting of Achilles and Briseis''.
*''Hector takes leave of Andromache''.
*''Chryseis restored to her Father''.
*''The Death of Dido''.
*''Jupiter and Juno on Mount Ida''.
*''Venus presenting the Cestus to Juno''.
*''Venus attired by the Graces ''.
*''Tancred and Herminia'' and ''Tancred and Clorinda''.
*''Shakespeare crowned by Immortality''.
*''Morning for the Death of lord Rufsell''.
Engravings after Angelica Kauffman
*''Socrates in Prison''.
*''Penelope lamenting Ulysses''.
*''Telemachus and Mentor in the Isle of Calypso''.
*''Paulus Emilias educating his Children''.
*''Coriolanus appeased by his Family''
* '' The Beautiful Rhodope in love with Aesope (1780s, inscription: From an original painting of the same size by
Signora Angelica Kauffman. In the possession of Charles Boddam sun Esqv.)''
Others
*A set of thirteen plates from the frescoes of
Domenichino
Domenico Zampieri (, ; October 21, 1581 – April 6, 1641), known by the diminutive Domenichino (, ) after his shortness, was an Italian Baroque painter of the Bolognese School of painters.
Life
Domenichino was born in Bologna, son of a sho ...
at
Grottaferrata
Grottaferrata () is a small town and ''comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Rome, situated on the lower slopes of the Alban Hills, south east of Rome. It has grown up around the Abbey of Santa Maria di Grottaferrata, founded in 1004. Nearby comm ...
.
*A set of 33 drawings by
Guercino
Giovanni Francesco Barbieri (February 8, 1591 – December 22, 1666),Miller, 1964 better known as Guercino, or il Guercino , was an Italian Baroque painter and draftsman from Cento in the Emilia region, who was active in Rome and Bologna. The vi ...
in the Royal Collection.
*A set of Portraits after
Hans Holbein the Younger, including two portraits of Henry and Charles Brandon, sons of
Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk
Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, 1st Viscount Lisle, (22 August 1545) was an English military leader and courtier. Through his third wife, Mary Tudor, he was brother-in-law to King Henry VIII.
Biography
Charles Brandon was the second ...
,
Thomas More
Sir Thomas More (7 February 1478 – 6 July 1535), venerated in the Catholic Church as Saint Thomas More, was an English lawyer, judge, social philosopher, author, statesman, and noted Renaissance humanist. He also served Henry VIII as Lord ...
,
Lady Meutas and Lord Mansfield.
* Portraits of ''
Cignani'' and ''
Pietro da Cortona''; after
Carlo Maratta
Carlo Maratta or Maratti (13 May 162515 December 1713) was an Italian painter, active mostly in Rome, and known principally for his classicizing paintings executed in a Late Baroque Classical manner. Although he is part of the classical tradition ...
.
*''Bust of Michelangelo''.
*''A Collection of Gems'', designed by various artists, engraved by Bartolozzi.
*''Cornelia, Mother of the Gracchi''; after
Benjamin West
Benjamin West, (October 10, 1738 – March 11, 1820) was a British-American artist who painted famous historical scenes such as '' The Death of Nelson'', ''The Death of General Wolfe'', the '' Treaty of Paris'', and '' Benjamin Franklin Drawin ...
.
*''The Death of Lord Chatham''; after
John Singleton Copley.
*''The Fair Moralist and her Pupil''; after
Richard Cosway
Richard Cosway (5 November 1742 – 4 July 1821) was a leading English portrait painter of the Georgian and Regency era, noted for his miniatures. He was a contemporary of John Smart, George Engleheart, William Wood, and Richard Crosse. ...
.
*
''The Hours''; after
Maria Cosway
Maria Luisa Caterina Cecilia Cosway (ma-RYE-ah; née Hadfield; 11 June 1760 – 5 January 1838) was an Italian-English painter, musician, and educator. She worked in England, in France, and later in Italy, cultivating a large circle of friends a ...
, ('Vide Gray's Ode to Spring').
*''The Interview of Edgar and Elfrida after her Marriage with Athelwold''.
*''King John ratifying Magna Charta''; after
John Hamilton Mortimer
John Hamilton Mortimer (17 September 1740 – 4 February 1779) was a British figure and landscape painter and printmaker, known for romantic paintings set in Italy, works depicting conversations, and works drawn in the 1770s portraying war ...
.
*''Mary, Queen of Scots, and her Son''; after
Federico Zuccaro
Federico Zuccaro, also known as Federico Zuccari (c. 1540/1541August 6, 1609), was an Italian Mannerist painter and architect, active both in Italy and abroad.
Biography
Zuccaro was born at Sant'Angelo in Vado, near Urbino (Marche).
His docum ...
.
*''
Prometheus
In Greek mythology, Prometheus (; , , possibly meaning " forethought")Smith"Prometheus". is a Titan god of fire. Prometheus is best known for defying the gods by stealing fire from them and giving it to humanity in the form of technology, kn ...
’ liver devoured by Vulture''; after
Michelangelo.
*''Rachel Hiding the Idols of Laban'' and ''Laocoon attacked by Serpents''; after
Pietro da Cortona.
*''
Queen Charlotte
Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Sophia Charlotte; 19 May 1744 – 17 November 1818) was Queen of Great Britain and of Ireland as the wife of King George III from their marriage on 8 September 1761 until the union of the two kingdoms ...
''; after
William Beechey
Sir William Beechey (12 December 175328 January 1839) was an English portraitist during the golden age of British painting.
Early life
Beechey was born at Burford, Oxfordshire, on 12 December 1753, the son of William Beechey, a solicitor, an ...
.
*''The Virgin and Infant''; after
Carlo Dolci.
Notes
References
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
External links
*
*
*
Guide to the Francesco Bartolozzi Collection 1781-1799at th
University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bartolozzi, Francesco
1727 births
1815 deaths
Artists from Florence
People from Fulham
Italian engravers
Italian etchers
Royal Academicians
Bartolozzi family
18th-century engravers
18th-century Italian artists
19th-century engravers
19th-century Italian artists
19th-century male artists
Italian expatriates in England
Italian expatriates in Portugal