Fuquan （ (8 September 1653 – 10 August 1703), formally known as Prince Yu, was a

Manchu The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized ethnic minority in China and the people from whom Manchuria derives its name. The Later Jin (1616–1636) and ...

prince of the

Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...

. He was the second son of the

Shunzhi Emperor The Shunzhi Emperor (15 March 1638 – 5 February 1661) was the second Emperor of China, emperor of the Qing dynasty of China, and the first Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1644 to 1661. A Deliberative Council of Prince ...

and a half-brother of the

Kangxi Emperor The Kangxi Emperor (4 May 1654– 20 December 1722), also known by his temple name Emperor Shengzu of Qing, born Xuanye, was the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1661 to 1 ...

Life

Fuquan was born in the

Aisin Gioro The House of Aisin-Gioro was a Manchu clan that ruled the Later Jin dynasty (1616–1636), the Qing dynasty (1636–1912), and Manchukuo (1932–1945) in the history of China. Under the Ming dynasty, members of the Aisin Gioro clan served as c ...

clan as the second son of the

. His mother was Consort Ningque (寧愨妃) from the Donggo (董鄂) clan. Fuquan was conferred the title of "Prince Yu of the First Rank" (裕親王) on February 6, 1671. In August 1690, the

granted Fuquan the title of "Generalissimo Who Pacifies Distant Lands" (撫遠大將軍) and sent him to lead a campaign against

Galdan Boshugtu Khan Erdeniin Galdan (1644–1697, mn, Галдан Бошигт хаан, , ), known as Galdan Boshugtu Khan (in Mongolian script: ) was a Choros Dzungar- Oirat Khan of the Dzungar Khanate. As fourth son of Erdeni Batur, founder of the Dzungar Kha ...

, leader of the Dzungar Khanate. Assisted by the Kangxi Emperor's eldest son Yinzhi, Fuquan took his army north through the Gubeikou pass while his brother Changning led his troops through another pass, planning to converge on Galdan's position. Fuquan met and attacked Galdan at Ulan Butung (350 kilometers north of

Beijing } Beijing ( ; ; ), alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the capital of the People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city, with over 21 ...

) on September 3, 1690. Galdan's troops protected themselves from Qing artillery by hiding behind rows of camels and by finding refuge in a nearby forest. Although Galdan suffered losses, the battle was a standstill, yet Fuquan reported it as a victory. He returned to the capital on December 22. The Qing commanders who let Galdan escape were punished. Fuquan himself was stripped of his military post and dismissed from the

council of princes and high officials The Deliberative Council of Princes and Ministers (), also known as the Council of Princes and High Officials and Assembly of Princes and High Officials, or simply as the Deliberative Council (; ), was an advisory body for the emperors of the earl ...

. He then retired from political life and later spent most of his time in literary circles.Fang (1943), 252.

Family

Primary Consort * Primary consort, of the Siluk clan (嫡福晉西魯克氏) ** ''First daughter'' (7 March 1671 – October/November 1675) ** ''Changquan'' (昌全; 16 January 1676 – 27 May 1677), first son ** ''Third daughter'' (26 October 1680 – January/February 1683) Secondary Consort * Secondary consort, of the Gūwalgiya clan (側福晉瓜爾佳氏) ** ''Fourth daughter'' (1 March 1681 – December 1682 or January 1683) **

Baotai Baotai (保泰; 13 May 1682 – 29 September 1730), formally known as Prince Yu (裕), Prince Yu of the First Rank (裕親王), was a Manchu prince of the Qing dynasty, Qing Dynasty. He was the son of Fuquan, Prince Yu, Fuquan and the grandson ...

, Prince Yu of the First Rank (裕親王保泰; 13 May 1682 – 29 September 1730), third son ** Baoshou, Prince Yudao of the First Rank (裕悼親王保綬; 27 August 1684 – 14 October 1706), fifth son Concubine * Mistress, of the Fuca clan (富察氏) ** ''Zhansheng'' (詹升; 16 August 1678 – 14 January 1681), second son * Mistress, of the Suo'ertuo clan (索爾托氏) ** ''Second daughter'' (9 September 1680 – March/April 1683) * Mistress, of the Tusaili clan (圖塞禮氏) ** ''Bao'an'' (保安; 14 November 1683 – 14 May 1686), fourth son * Mistress, of the

Nara The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an " independent federal agency of the United States government within the executive branch", charged with the preservation and documentation of government and historical records. It i ...

clan (格格那拉氏) ** Princess of the Third Rank (郡主; 9 June 1700 – 29 December 1733), fifth daughter *** Married Luobocanggunbu (羅蔔藏袞布; d. 1752) of the Khorchin Borjigit clan in November/December 1713 ** Princess of the Third Rank (郡主; 18 September 1701 – 22 July 1732), sixth daughter *** Married Cangjin (蒼津) of the Onnigud Borjigit clan in October/November 1716 ** ''Seventh daughter'' (2 March 1703 – April/May 1704) * Mistress, of the Yang clan (楊氏) ** ''Baoyong'' (寶永; 20 July 1701 – 28 September 1705), sixth son

Ancestry

In fiction and popular culture

* Portrayed by Kenneth Ma in ''

The Life and Times of a Sentinel ''The Life and Times of a Sentinel'' (Traditional Chinese: 紫禁驚雷) is a 2011 Hong Kong historical-fiction television drama produced by Television Broadcasts Limited (TVB), starring Steven Ma and Kenneth Ma as the main leads, with Leung Cho ...

'' (2011)

Notes

Bibliography