Fredrik Ramm (11 March 1892 – 15 November 1943) was a Norwegian journalist.

Personal life

He was born in

Oslo Oslo ( , , or ; sma, Oslove) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of ...

as a son of chief physician Fredrik G. O. Ramm and Anna Margaretha Brinchmann. He was a nephew of pioneering woman physician Louise Vally Ramm and writer Minda Ramm who was married to

Hans E. Kinck Hans Ernst Kinck (; 11 October 1865 – 13 October 1926) was a Norwegian author and philologist who wrote novels, short stories, dramas, and essays. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature seven times. Life Kinck was born in Øksf ...

. He was also a distant relative of

Nikolai Ramm Østgaard Nikolai Ramm Østgaard (30 October 1885 – 20 June 1958), sometimes referred to as N. R. Østgaard, was a Norwegian military officer, aide-de-camp for Olav V of Norway, and sports official who is best known as President of the International Ski F ...

. In 1917 he married Eva With, settling at Vinderen. Their son Fredrik Ramm, Jr. became director of Norwegian Brewers.

Career

Ramm finished his secondary education in 1910. He was a journalist in ''

Verdens Gang ''Verdens Gang'' ("The course of the world"), generally known under the abbreviation ''VG'', is a Norwegian tabloid newspaper. In 2016, circulation numbers stood at 93,883, having declined from a peak circulation of 390,510 in 2002. ''VG'' is n ...

'' from 1915 and in ''

Morgenbladet ''Morgenbladet'' is a Norwegian weekly, newspaper, covering politics, culture and science. History ''Morgenbladet'' was founded in 1819 by the book printer Niels Wulfsberg. The paper is the country's first daily newspaper; however, Adresseav ...

'' from 1917, Paris correspondent for ''Verdens Gang'', ''

Politiken ''Politiken'' is a leading Danish daily broadsheet newspaper, published by JP/Politikens Hus in Copenhagen, Denmark. It was founded in 1884 and played a role in the formation of the Danish Social Liberal Party. Since 1970 it has been indep ...

'' og ''

Stockholms-Tidningen ''Stockholms-Tidningen'' (Swedish: ''The Stockholm Times'') was a Swedish-language morning newspaper published in Stockholm, Sweden, between 1889 and 1984 with an interruption from 1966 to 1981. It was one of the major dailies in the country tog ...

'' from 1919 to 1921 and journalist in '' Tidens Tegn'' from 1921. After participating as the only journalist "Norwegians See Play", The New York Times, November 30, 1944 in

Roald Amundsen Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen (, ; ; 16 July 1872 – ) was a Norwegians, Norwegian explorer of polar regions. He was a key figure of the period known as the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. Born in Borge, Østfold, Norway, Amu ...

's North Pole expedition in May 1925, he became news editor in ''

'' from 1928. He also wrote one chapter in Amundsen's book ''88° nord''. Ramm also wrote the pamphlets ''En forsvarsbrochure'' in 1915 and ''Ruhr-aksjonen'' in 1925. He is especially known for the article "En skitten strøm flyter over landet" (A Dirty Stream Flows Over the Country) on 28 October 1931, an attack on Gyldendal Norsk Forlag's novel contest in 1931. Ramm saw the entrants to this contest as being infested by Freudianism. He especially lambasted the runner-up, the radical intellectual writer Sigurd Hoel, but also Hans Backer Fürst, Rolf Stenersen and Karo Espeseth. Together with people like Ronald Fangen Ramm participated in the Oxford Group. He received the Italian Geographic Society Medal and was decorated as a Knight, First Class of the

Order of St. Olav The Royal Norwegian Order of Saint Olav ( no, Den Kongelige Norske Sankt Olavs Orden; or ''Sanct Olafs Orden'', the old Norwegian name) is a Norwegian order of chivalry instituted by King Oscar I on 21 August 1847. It is named after King Olav II ...

, a Knight of the Italian Order of the Crown and an Officier d'Académie in France.

Death

During the

occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany during the Second World War began on 9 April 1940 after Operation Weserübung. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940, and Nazi Germany controlled Norway until the ...

Ramm was arrested several times. From June to July 1940 he was held in

Møllergata 19 Møllergata 19 is an address in Oslo, Norway where the city's main police station and jail was located. The address gained notoriety during the German occupation from 1940 to 1945, when the Nazi security police kept its headquarters here. This is ...

. He was then arrested in September 1941 following the milk strike, together with colleague Olaf Gjerløw. He was imprisoned in

Grini concentration camp '', '' no, Grini fangeleir'', location= Bærum, Viken, Norway, location map=Viken#Norway, built by=Norway, original use=Constructed as a women's prison, operated by=Nazi Germany, notable inmates=List of Grini prisoners, liberated by=Harry Söderm ...

and

Akershus Fortress Akershus Fortress ( no, Akershus Festning, ) or Akershus Castle ( no, Akershus slott ) is a medieval castle in the Norwegian capital Oslo that was built to protect and provide a royal residence for the city. Since the Middle Ages the fortress ha ...

before being shipped to Germany. In October 1941 he reached Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel. After falling ill he got permission to go home in November 1943, but died in Denmark on the way back.

Theatrical Tribute

After his death in 1943, on November 29, 1944, a special dramatic tribute to Ramm, "And Still They Fight" was presented at The New York Times Hall. The play was presented under the auspices of Moral Re-Armament, an international moral and spiritual movement founded in 1938 (now known as Initiatives of Change) as a tribute for "his courageous fight for a new Europe".

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ramm, Fredrik 1892 births 1943 deaths Writers from Oslo Norwegian newspaper reporters and correspondents Explorers of the Arctic Grini concentration camp prisoners Norwegian people who died in Nazi concentration camps Morgenbladet people 20th-century Norwegian journalists