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The Flag of Artigas is one of the three official
The Flag of Artigas is one of the three official flags of Uruguay
A flag is a piece of textile, fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design and colours. It is used as a symbol, a signalling device, or for decoration. The term ''flag'' is also used to refer to the graphic desi ...
. Originally the national flag of the Liga Federal
Liga or LIGA may refer to:
People
* Līga (name), a Latvian female given name
* Luciano Ligabue, more commonly known as Ligabue or ''Liga'', Italian rock singer-songwriter
Sports
* Liga ACB, men's professional basketball league in Spain
* Liga ...
between 1815
Events
January
* January 2 – Lord Byron marries Anna Isabella Milbanke in Seaham, county of Durham, England.
* January 3 – Austria, Britain, and Bourbon-restored France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against Prussi ...
and 1820
Events
January–March
*January 1 – Nominal beginning of the Trienio Liberal in Spain: A constitutionalist military insurrection at Cádiz leads to the summoning of the Spanish Parliament (March 7).
*January 8 – General Maritime T ...
, it was then officialized by the Uruguayan state in 1952, nowadays pays homage to José Gervasio Artigas
José Gervasio Artigas Arnal (; June 19, 1764 – September 23, 1850) was a political leader, military general, statesman and national hero of Uruguay and the broader Río de la Plata region.
He fought in the Latin American wars of ind ...
, its designer and the national hero of Uruguay
Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...
.
It has three horizontal stripes inspired by the Belgrano's Flag, the top and bottom being blue, and the central one white. On top of them, it is crossed by a diagonal red stripe, a symbol of federalism.
In Uruguay, the flag of Artigas must be flown alongside the National Flag
A national flag is a flag that represents and symbolizes a given nation. It is flown by the government of that nation, but usually can also be flown by its citizens. A national flag is typically designed with specific meanings for its colours ...
and the Flag of the Treinta y Tres
The Flag of the Treinta y Tres is one of the three official flags of Uruguay, along with the National Flag of Uruguay and the Flag of Artigas. Inspired on the flag of the Oriental Province with an added motto it was first used in 1825 in the mi ...
near or on government buildings.
History
It was designed byJosé Artigas
José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced differently in each language: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ).
In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacul ...
himself based on the flag
A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design and colours. It is used as a symbol, a signalling device, or for decoration. The term ''flag'' is also used to refer to the graphic design empl ...
created in 1812 by Manuel Belgrano
Manuel José Joaquín del Corazón de Jesús Belgrano y González (3 June 1770 – 20 June 1820), usually referred to as Manuel Belgrano (), was an Argentine public servant, economist, lawyer, politician, journalist, and military leader. He ...
, but adding a red stripe to represent federalism
Federalism is a combined or compound mode of government that combines a general government (the central or "federal" government) with regional governments (Province, provincial, State (sub-national), state, Canton (administrative division), can ...
. It was the flag of the Liga Federal
Liga or LIGA may refer to:
People
* Līga (name), a Latvian female given name
* Luciano Ligabue, more commonly known as Ligabue or ''Liga'', Italian rock singer-songwriter
Sports
* Liga ACB, men's professional basketball league in Spain
* Liga ...
, a confederation of South American provinces established by Artigas.
Use as military emblems
The Flag of Artigas, and emblems derived from it, have traditionally been used as the symbols of theMilitary of Uruguay
The Armed Forces of Uruguay ( es, Fuerzas Armadas del Uruguay or ''FF.AA. del Uruguay'') consist of an army, navy, and air force. These three branches are constitutionally subordinate to the President of Uruguay through the Minister of Defense. Th ...
.
Uruguayan Navy
From 1930s to 1990s, warships of theUruguayan Navy
The National Navy of Uruguay () is a branch of the Armed Forces of Uruguay under the direction of the Ministry of National Defense and the commander in chief of the Navy (''Comandante en Jefe de la Armada'' or COMAR).
History Independence
Unde ...
flew the Flag of Artigas as the naval jack
A jack is a flag flown from a short jackstaff at the bow (front) of a vessel, while the ensign is flown on the stern (rear). Jacks on bowsprits or foremasts appeared in the 17th century. A country may have different jacks for different purpo ...
, until being replaced by modified pre-1930s design in recent years.
Uruguayan Air Force
The aircraft of theUruguayan Air Force
The Uruguayan Air Force ( es, Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya, abbreviated FAU) is the air service branch of the Armed Forces of Uruguay. Originally created as part of the National Army of Uruguay, the Air Force was established as a separate branch on Dec ...
display the Flag of Artigas on the fins, as well as a circular version of the flag (roundel
A roundel is a circular disc used as a symbol. The term is used in heraldry, but also commonly used to refer to a type of national insignia used on military aircraft, generally circular in shape and usually comprising concentric rings of differ ...
) on the fuselages and wings.
Uruguayan army and general military use
There is also a different version of the roundel, known as the Artigas' Cockade, which is worn as acockade
A cockade is a knot of ribbons, or other circular- or oval-shaped symbol of distinctive colours which is usually worn on a hat or cap.
Eighteenth century
In the 18th and 19th centuries, coloured cockades were used in Europe to show the allegia ...
on the uniforms of the Military of Uruguay
The Armed Forces of Uruguay ( es, Fuerzas Armadas del Uruguay or ''FF.AA. del Uruguay'') consist of an army, navy, and air force. These three branches are constitutionally subordinate to the President of Uruguay through the Minister of Defense. Th ...
, and also serves as the emblem of the Uruguayan Army
The National Army of Uruguay ( es, Ejército Nacional del Uruguay) is the land force
An army (from Old French ''armee'', itself derived from the Latin verb ''armāre'', meaning "to arm", and related to the Latin noun ''arma'', meaning "arms" ...
. It is likewise based on the Flag of Artigas, but with blue at the centre, surrounded by white then blue, and with the red diagonal stripe overall.
Other flags
The flag of theArgentine province
Argentina is subdivided into twenty-three federated states called provinces ( es, provincias, singular ''provincia'') and one called the autonomous city (''ciudad autónoma'') of Buenos Aires, which is the federal capital of the republic ( es ...
of Entre Ríos, mostly governed by the Federal Party and Justo José Urquiza Justo () is a Spanish surname and male given name meaning ''just'', i.e. ''fair''.
Given name
Notable people with this given name include:
* José Justo Corro (1794-1864), Mexican president
* José Justo Milla (1794–1838), Honduran military le ...
between 1842 and 1870, is inspired on the flag of Artigas and looks very similar, except that it has a 9:14 ratio and the blue stripes are much lighter.
References
Flags of Uruguay José Gervasio Artigas {{Flag-stub