Fildu de Jos ( hu, Alsófüld) is a
commune located in the southern part of
Sălaj County,
Transylvania,
Romania. Fildu de Jos is the contact point between Almaș Basin, the Meses Mountains and the northern part of the Huedin Basin, and is situated at 57 km from
Zalău. It is composed of four villages: Fildu de Jos, Fildu de Mijloc (''Középfüld''), Fildu de Sus (''Felsőfüld''), and Tetișu (''Ketesd'').
Archeological
Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscape ...
excavations have brought to the surface traces of settlements which existed prior to the
Roman occupation. The actual villages were situated along the main cross-roads between the Roman camps in the valley of the river
Crișul Repede and
Porolissum
Porolissum was an ancient Roman city in Dacia. Established as a military camp in 106 during Trajan's Dacian Wars, the city quickly grew through trade with the native Dacians and became the capital of the province Dacia Porolissensis in 124. The sit ...
. Fildu de Jos was attested in 1249 under the name ''Terra Fyld'', Fildu de Sus and Fildu de Mijloc in 1415 and Tetișu in 1399.
Population and climate
At the 2002 census the population counted 1,583 inhabitants of which 63.10% were
Romanians, 21.22%
Hungarians, 15.47%
Roma
Roma or ROMA may refer to:
Places Australia
* Roma, Queensland, a town
** Roma Airport
** Roma Courthouse
** Electoral district of Roma, defunct
** Town of Roma, defunct town, now part of the Maranoa Regional Council
*Roma Street, Brisbane, a ...
, and 0.21% were of other nationalities. At the
2011 census, there were 1,441 inhabitants; of those, 54.27% were Romanians, 22.83% Roma, and 20.75% Hungarians. At the
2021 census, Fildu de Jos had a population of 1,280, of which 50.86% were Romanians, 25.78% Roma, and 15.16% Hungarians.
Due to the favourable weather, agriculture is well represented by potato-growing and livestock-breeding.
The picturesque mountainous landscapes and the architectural monuments such as the wooden church "Pogorârea Sfântului Duh" dated from 1727 and entered in the national cultural patrimony, the wooden church "Sfinții Arhangheli" in Fildu de Jos (1630) and the reformed church in Tetișu (14th century) are the main important tourist spectacles worth visiting.
Wooden church of Fildu de Sus
The church was built in 1727 by the artist Freont Nicoara from
Agrij
Agrij ( hu, Felsőegregy) is a commune located in Sălaj County, Crișana, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Agrij and Răstolțu Deșert (''Pusztarajtolc''). It was called ''Treznea-Agrij'' from 1988 to 1995, when Treznea and Bozna village ...
and Chendre of Petre Brudului. The painting was executed in 1856 and is very well preserved, but the painter remains unknown. Its central tower stands over 40 m tall. The last renovation was carried out in 1988-1999. It is considered by several authors to be representative of the traditional architecture of this region and is listed on the official list of historic monuments of Romania.
References
*Cristache-Panait, Ioana (1978). "Biserica Pogorârea Duhului Sfânt din Fildu de Sus" in Monumente istorice bisericești din Eparhia Ortodoxă Română a Oradei. Biserici de lemn: 317-319, Oradea.
*Szinte, Gábor (1913). "A Kolozsmegyei fatemplomok". Értesítöje IX (1-2): 1-31.
*Cristache-Panait, Ioana (1971). "Bisericile de lemn din Sălaj" in Buletinul Monumentelor Istorice 1971 (1): 31-40.
*Ghergariu, Leontin (1973). "Meșterii construcțiilor monumentale de lemn din Sălaj". AMET 1971-73: 255-273, Cluj.
*Godea, Ioan (1996). Biserici de lemn din România (nord-vestul Transilvaniei). Bucharest: Editura Meridiane. .
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fildu De Jos
Communes in Sălaj County
Localities in Transylvania