Fay Compton

Virginia Lilian Emmeline Compton-Mackenzie, (; 18 September 1894 – 12 December 1978), known professionally as Fay Compton, was an English actress. She appeared in several films, and made many broadcasts, but was best known for her stage performances. She was known for her versatility, and appeared in Shakespeare, drawing room comedy, pantomime, modern drama, and classics such as Ibsen and Chekhov. In addition to performing in Britain, Compton appeared several times in the US, and toured Australia and New Zealand in a variety of stage plays.

Life and career

Early years

Compton was born in Fulham, London, the sixth and youngest child and fourth daughter of Edward Compton (1854–1918), actor and manager (whose real surname was Mackenzie), and his wife, the actress Virginia Frances Bateman (1853–1940) daughter of the actor Hezekiah Linthicum Bateman, of Baltimore, US. One of her brothers became well known as the author Compton Mackenzie. Trewin, J. C.br>"Compton, Fay (real name Virginia Lilian Emmeline Compton-Mackenzie) (1894–1978), actress"
''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press. Retrieved 12 February 2019.

Compton made her first professional appearance in 1911 with the concert party ''The Follies'' under the leadership of H. G. Pelissier, her first husband, whom she married while still in her teens. The marriage was short-lived: Pelissier died in September 1913 at the age of 31, leaving his young widow with an infant son, who would become the producer and director Anthony Pelissier. In 1914, at Maidenhead, as Fay C. Pellissier, she married secondly the young singer Lauri de Frece. In 1914, she made the first of many appearances on the American stage, at the Shubert Theatre, New York, in ''To-Night's the Night,'' subsequently touring in the same part. In London during the First World War she played a variety of roles, including the title role in ''Peter Pan'' in 1917.Parker, pp. 502–504

1920s and 30s

In the 1920s her parts included the title role in J. M. Barrie's ''Mary Rose''; the first of many Shakespeare roles, Ophelia, to the Hamlet of John Barrymore. The critic James Agate wrote of her performance, "She was fragrant, wistful, and had a child's importunacy unmatched in my time." Compton's second husband, the actor Lauri de Frece, died in 1921, aged 41, and in February 1922 she married Leon Quartermaine, with whom she had acted in a revival of Barrie's '' Quality Street''.

Compton had a reputation for versatility, and in 1931 she appeared successively in the title role of the pantomime ''Dick Whittington'' and Ophelia to Henry Ainley's Hamlet. Throughout the 1930s Compton moved between West End plays, mostly ephemeral, pantomime and Shakespeare – Titania, Lady Rosaline, Calpurnia, and Paulina in ''The Winter's Tale'', one of her favourite parts – and toured in Australia and New Zealand in '' Victoria Regina'', '' Tonight at 8.30'' and ''George and Margaret''. In 1939 she played Ophelia to the Hamlet of John Gielgud, first at the Lyceum and then at Elsinore Castle.

In 1927 Compton opened an acting school in London, the Fay Compton Studio of Dramatic Art, which continued in business up to the start of World War II. Notable alumni included Alec Guinness and John Le Mesurier.

1940s to 1960s

During the 1940s Compton appeared at the Old Vic as Regan in ''King Lear'', played Ruth in Noël Coward's '' Blithe Spirit'' for 15 months, Regina in ''The Little Foxes'', toured for the British Council, in Belgium, the Netherlands, France and Switzerland, in ''Othello,'' '' Candida'' and ''Hamlet'', and made her first appearance in an Ibsen play as Gina Ekdal in ''The Wild Duck''. Her third marriage was dissolved in 1942, and in that year she married the actor Ralph Michael; this marriage was dissolved in 1946. There were no children of Compton's last three marriages.

In the 1950s Compton rejoined the Old Vic company, appearing at the 1953 Edinburgh Festival, as Gertrude in ''Hamlet'', and in London in the 1953–1954 season, as Gertrude; the Countess of Rossillion in '' All's Well That Ends Well''; Constance of Bretagne in '' King John''; Volumnia in ''Coriolanus''; and Juno in '' The Tempest''. With the same company she played Queen Margaret in ''Richard III'' in 1957, to the Richard of Robert Helpmann, and Lady Bracknell in ''The Importance of Being Earnest'' in 1959.

At the first Chichester Festival, from July to September 1962, Compton played Grausis in ''The Broken Heart'', and Marya in ''Uncle Vanya''. Her other stage roles of the 1960s included Mrs Malaprop in ''The Rivals'', and her last Barrie role, the Comtesse in '' What Every Woman Knows''.

Compton was awarded the CBE in 1975. She died on 12 December 1978 in London at the age of 84.

Film and television

Compton's film work is not as well known as her stage appearances. She appeared in more than 40 films between 1914 and 1970. Her most popular performances in films are ''Odd Man Out'' (1947), ''Laughter in Paradise'' (1951), Orson Welles' ''Othello'' (1952), '' The Haunting'' (1963) and ''I Start Counting'' (1969).

Among her television performances, she appeared in 1965 with Michael Hordern in the television play ''Land of My Dreams'' by Clive Exton
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