__NOTOC__

The Ennomini are a

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English language, English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in p ...

geometer moth The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ''geo'' γεω (derivative form of or "the earth"), and ''metr ...

s in the

Ennominae Ennominae is the largest subfamily of the geometer moth family (Geometridae) with some 9,700 described species in 1,100 genera. They are usually a fairly small moths, though some (such as the peppered moth) grow to be considerably large. This sub ...

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

. They are large-bodied and rather nondescript Ennominae, overall showing many similarities to the closely related

Azelinini __NOTOC__ The Azelinini are a tribe of geometer moths in the subfamily Ennominae, with many species in the Southern Hemisphere, particularly in South America. Several species are found in North America as well. These stocky geometer moths seem t ...

and

Nacophorini The Nacophorini are one of the smaller tribes of geometer moths in the subfamily Ennominae. They are the most diverse Ennominae of Australia and are widespread in the Americas. If the African genera tentatively placed herein indeed belong here, t ...

.Young (2008) Most have a beige to brown color, and they rarely possess the disruptive

cryptic Cryptic may refer to: In science: * Cryptic species complex, a group of species that are very difficult to distinguish from one another * Crypsis, the ability of animals to blend in to avoid observation * Cryptic era, earliest period of the Earth ...

patterns seen in many other geometer moths. A typical ennomiine wing pattern consists of two or three

costal Costal may refer to: * an adjective related to the rib () in anatomy ** Costal cartilage, a type of cartilage forming bars which serve to prolong the ribs forward ** Costal margin, the medial margin formed by the false ribs ** Costal surface (disa ...

dorsal Dorsal (from Latin ''dorsum'' ‘back’) may refer to: * Dorsal (anatomy), an anatomical term of location referring to the back or upper side of an organism or parts of an organism * Dorsal, positioned on top of an aircraft's fuselage * Dorsal co ...

sections, one of which is often darker in color. There is rarely more than one conspicuous dark or light spot on each side of each wing, and many do not have any particularly prominent markings at all.

Systematics

'' Phaeoura'', which includes '' Phaeoura quernaria'' – the

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...

of the

– nowadays, appears to be closer to the Ennomini than to the bulk of

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...

currently placed in the Nacophorini. It might be moved into the present tribe, making Nacophorini a

junior synonym The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linna ...

of Ennomini. The Lithinini and perhaps the Campaeini too, on the other hand, seem to warrant merging with the bulk of the Nacophorini, and in that case the resulting group would probably be named Lithinini. On the other hand, a more radical approach to achieve

monophyly In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic grou ...

would be to merge all three tribes into the Ennomini. The enigmatic genus ''

Hoplosauris ''Hoplosauris'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek '' ...

'', of rather uncertain placement in the

, is in some respects intermediate between the Nacophorini and the Ennomini.

Selected genera and species

As numerous ennomine genera have not yet been assigned to a tribe,See references in Savela (2008) the genus list is preliminary. * '' Acrodontis'' - might belong in

Boarmiini The Boarmiini (also often called ''Cleorini'') are a large tribe of geometer moths in the Ennominae subfamily. Description and systematics This family is sometimes massively expanded, with the closely related Bistonini, Bupalini, Erannini, Gno ...

* ''

Apeira ''Apeira'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae first described by Johannes von Nepomuk Franz Xaver Gistel Johannes von Nepomuk Franz Xaver Gistel istl(11 August 1809 – 9 March 1873) was a German naturalist. He worked at the Museu ...

'' * '' Artiora'' * ''

Crocallis ''Crocallis'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by Georg Friedrich Treitschke in 1825. Species * '' Crocallis albarracina'' Wehrli, 1940 * '' Crocallis auberti'' Oberthür, 1883 * '' Crocallis bacalladoi'' * '' Crocallis bois ...

'' **

Scalloped oak The scalloped oak (''Crocallis elinguaria'') is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae''. Distribution This common species can be found from Europe to eas ...

, ''Crocallis elinguaria'' * '' Devenilia'' * '' Ectephrina'' * ''

Eilicrinia ''Eilicrinia'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek '' ...

'' * ''

Ennomos ''Ennomos'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by Georg Friedrich Treitschke Georg Friedrich Treitschke (; 29 August 1776 – 4 June 1842) was a German librettist, translator and lepidopterist. He was born in Leipzig and ...

'' ** Canary-shouldered thorn, ''Ennomos alniaria'' ** Large thorn, ''Ennomos autumnaria'' ** September thorn, ''Ennomos erosaria'' ** August thorn, ''Ennomos quercinaria'' * '' Exangerona'' * ''

'' (tentatively placed here) * '' Lignyoptera'' * '' Ocoelophora'' * ''

Odontopera ''Odontopera'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae described by Stephens in 1831. '' Aethiopodes'' is sometimes also included here. Selected species *'' Odontopera albiguttulata'' Bastelberger, 1909 *''Odontopera bidentata The scall ...

'' **

Scalloped hazel The scalloped hazel (''Odontopera bidentata'') is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Carl Alexander Clerck in 1759. Distribution It is a common species of northern and central Europe including the British Is ...

, ''Odontopera bidentata'' * '' Pachycnemia'' * '' Proteostrenia'' * '' Scionomia'' * '' Selenia'' **

Purple thorn The purple thorn (''Selenia tetralunaria'') is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Johann Siegfried Hufnagel in 1767. It is a species of northern and central Europe. It has a scattered distribution in Britain b ...

, ''Selenia tetralunaria'' * '' Seleniopsis'' * '' Scodiomima'' * ''

Xerodes ''Xerodes'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae first described by Achille Guenée in 1857. Species *'' Xerodes albisparsa'' (Warren, 1896) *'' Xerodes albonotaria'' (Bremer, 1864) *'' Xerodes cinerosa'' (Warren, 1895) *'' Xerodes con ...

'' - might belong in Boarmiini

Footnotes

References

* (2008)
Family group names in Geometridae
Retrieved 2008-JUL-22. * (2007): Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species
''Nacophora''
Retrieved 2008-JUL-22. * (2008)

Version of 2008-MAR-08. Retrieved 2008-JUL-21. * (2008): Characterisation of the Australian Nacophorini using adult morphology, and phylogeny of the Geometridae based on morphological characters. ''

Zootaxa ''Zootaxa'' is a peer-reviewed scientific mega journal for animal taxonomists. It is published by Magnolia Press (Auckland, New Zealand). The journal was established by Zhi-Qiang Zhang in 2001 and new issues are published multiple times a week. ...

'' 1736: 1-141
PDF abstract and excerpt
Insect tribes {{Ennominae-stub