Eva Ruth de Jong-Duldig (nee Duldig; born 11 February 1938) is an Austrian-born Australian and Dutch former tennis player, and current author. From the ages of two to four, she was detained by Australia in an isolated internment camp, as an

enemy alien In customary international law, an enemy alien is any native, citizen, denizen or subject of any foreign nation or government with which a domestic nation or government is in conflict and who is liable to be apprehended, restrained, secured and ...

. She later competed in tennis, representing Australia at the

Wimbledon Championships The Wimbledon Championships, commonly known simply as Wimbledon, is the oldest tennis tournament in the world and is widely regarded as the most prestigious. It has been held at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, All England Club in ...

in 1961. She also played at Wimbledon in 1962 and 1963 for the Netherlands, and competed in the

Australian Open The Australian Open is a tennis tournament held annually at Melbourne Park in Melbourne, Australia. The tournament is the first of the four Grand Slam tennis events held each year, preceding the French Open, Wimbledon, and the US Open. Th ...

French Championships The French Open (french: Internationaux de France de tennis), also known as Roland-Garros (), is a major tennis tournament held over two weeks at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France, beginning in late May each year. The tournament and ven ...

Fed Cup The Billie Jean King Cup (or the BJK Cup) is the premier international team competition in women's tennis, launched as the Federation Cup in 1963 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the International Tennis Federation (ITF). The name was cha ...

, and in the Israel-based

Maccabiah Games The Maccabiah Games (a.k.a. the World Maccabiah Games; he, משחקי המכביה, or משחקי המכביה העולמית; sometimes referred to as the "Jewish Olympics"), first held in 1932, are an international Jewish and Israeli multi-sp ...

, sometimes called the Jewish Olympics, where she won two

gold medal A gold medal is a medal awarded for highest achievement in a non-military field. Its name derives from the use of at least a fraction of gold in form of plating or alloying in its manufacture. Since the eighteenth century, gold medals have bee ...

Early life

Austria

Duldig was born in Vienna, Austria, and is Jewish. Her father was

modernist Modernism is both a philosophical and arts movement that arose from broad transformations in Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The movement reflected a desire for the creation of new forms of art, philosophy, an ...

sculptor

Karl Duldig Karl (Karol) Duldig (29 December 1902 – 11 August 1986) was a Jewish modernist sculptor.

(1902–1986). He played international soccer as a goalkeeper for Hakoah Wien, was the Austrian table tennis champion in 1923, and was one of the country's top tennis players. Her mother was artist and inventor Slawa Horowitz Duldig (c. 1902–1975), who invented and patented an improved folding umbrella in 1929.

Switzerland

In 1938 when she was eight months old, in the wake of deportations of Jews from Vienna to

Dachau concentration camp , , commandant = List of commandants , known for = , location = Upper Bavaria, Southern Germany , built by = Germany , operated by = ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) , original use = Political prison , construction ...

, fleeing the

Nazi Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in ...

s the family left Austria for Switzerland. The family managed to escape after

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

's ''

Anschluss The (, or , ), also known as the (, en, Annexation of Austria), was the annexation of the Federal State of Austria into the German Reich on 13 March 1938. The idea of an (a united Austria and Germany that would form a " Greater Germany ...

'' of Austria in March 1938, as her father traveled to Switzerland on a

temporary visa A visa (from the Latin ''charta visa'', meaning "paper that has been seen") is a conditional authorization granted by a polity to a foreigner that allows them to enter, remain within, or leave its territory. Visas typically include limits on ...

to play in a tennis tournament. Later that year he convinced an official to allow his family to come and "visit" him in Zurich, thereby staying a step ahead of

the Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; a ...

.Miriam Cosic (29 April 2022)
"Melbourne’s newest musical a multi-generational European family saga,"
Plus61J. Duldig later said: "We were lucky to get out with our lives. Most of our family was obliterated."

Singapore; deported

The family was only allowed to stay in Switzerland for a short time. They therefore then moved to Singapore by boat in April 1939. There, initially her parents ran an art school and her mother restored paintings. In Singapore, six months after their arrival the British arrested them, because they had German

identity document An identity document (also called ID or colloquially as papers) is any documentation, document that may be used to prove a person's identity. If issued in a small, standard credit card size form, it is usually called an identity card (IC, ID c ...

s. Austria had been annexed by Germany in March 1938 in the ''Anschluss'', and therefore the family and all other Austrians by law had become citizens of the

German Reich German ''Reich'' (lit. German Realm, German Empire, from german: Deutsches Reich, ) was the constitutional name for the German nation state that existed from 1871 to 1945. The ''Reich'' became understood as deriving its authority and sovereignty ...

. Across the

British Empire The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts esta ...

the same laws were applied to what were deemed "aliens," and the British colonial government classified the family as "citizens of an enemy country" – "enemy aliens". They were deported by boat from Singapore to Australia in September 1940.

Australia; enemy alien

Eva presenting a flower to an Officer, pencil drawing by Karl Duldig

In Australia, in the wake of the outbreak of World War II, two-year-old Eva and her parents were classified as

enemy aliens In customary international law, an enemy alien is any native, citizen, denizen or subject of any foreign nation or government with which a domestic nation or government is in conflict and who is liable to be apprehended, restrained, secured and ...

upon their arrival due to their having arrived with German identity papers. Beginning the year prior to their arrival in Australia, a new Australian law had designated people "enemy aliens" if they were Germans, or were Australians who had been born in Germany. The Australian government therefore interned the three of them for two years in isolated Tatura Internment Camp 3 D, 180 kilometers north of Melbourne. They were held with nearly 300 other internees. The internment camp was located near

Shepparton Shepparton () ( Yortayorta: ''Kanny-goopna'') is a city located on the floodplain of the Goulburn River in northern Victoria, Australia, approximately north-northeast of Melbourne. As of the 2021 census, the estimated population of Shepparton, ...

, in the northern part of the

state of Victoria Victoria is a state in southeastern Australia. It is the second-smallest state with a land area of , the second most populated state (after New South Wales) with a population of over 6.5 million, and the most densely populated state in Au ...

. There, armed soldiers manned watchtowers and scanned the camp that was bordered by a barbed wire fence with searchlights, and other armed soldiers patrolled the camp. Petitions to Australian politicians, stressing that they were Jewish refugees and therefore being unjustly imprisoned, had no effect. They remained in the internment camp until 1942, when her father enlisted in the

Australian army The Australian Army is the principal Army, land warfare force of Australia, a part of the Australian Defence Force (ADF) along with the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force. The Army is commanded by the Chief of Army (Austral ...

. The family later lived in St Kilda, in

Glen Iris Glen Iris may refer to: *Glen Iris, Victoria, Australia *Glen Iris, Western Australia A glen is a valley, typically one that is long and bounded by gently sloped concave sides, unlike a ravine, which is deep and bounded by steep slopes. Whit ...

, and then in

Malvern East Malvern East is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 13 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Stonnington local government area. Malvern East recorded a population of 22,296 at the 2021 c ...

, in

Melbourne, Australia Melbourne ( ; Boonwurrung/Woiwurrung: ''Narrm'' or ''Naarm'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Its name generally refers to a metropol ...

, and became Australian citizens. Duldig graduated from

Melbourne University The University of Melbourne is a public research university located in Melbourne, Australia. Founded in 1853, it is Australia's second oldest university and the oldest in Victoria. Its main campus is located in Parkville, an inner suburb nor ...

in Australia ( GDip Physical Education 1957, BA 1971). She took a role as physical education teacher in 1957 at Mount Scopus College, a

Jewish day school A Jewish day school is a modern Jewish educational institution that is designed to provide children of Jewish parents with both a Jewish and a secular education in one school on a full-time basis. The term "day school" is used to differentiate s ...

in Melbourne.

Tennis career

Early years; Maccabiah champion

Duldig became a tennis player in Australia. In 1956 she won the Victorian Schoolgirls Championship. In the

1957 Maccabiah Games Twenty-one countries sent 980 athletes to compete in the 1957 5th Maccabiah Games, an international Jewish athletics competition similar to the Olympics. The opening ceremony on September 15, 1957, was held in Ramat Gan Stadium, with athletes parad ...

, Duldig won

s in singles and doubles. In the

1961 Maccabiah Games The 6th Maccabiah Games were held in Tel Aviv, Israel in 1961, with 1,100 athletes from 27 countries competing in 18 sports. The Games were officially opened in an Opening Ceremony on August 29, 1961, in Ramat Gan Stadium by Israeli President Yit ...

, she again won a gold medal in singles, this time defeating South African

Marlene Gerson Marlene Gerson (born June 1940) is a female former tennis player from South Africa who was active in the late 1950s and the first half of the 1960s. Her best singles result at the Wimbledon Championships was reaching the third round in 1959. Par ...

in the final, and won a

silver medal A silver medal in sports and other similar areas involving competition is a medal made of, or plated with, silver awarded to the second-place finisher, or runner-up, of contests or competitions such as the Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games, etc ...

in women's doubles.

Australian Open

Playing in the

, Duldig made it to the Round of 16 in singles in 1957, 1959, and 1968, and to the Round of 32 in 1958 and the Round of 64 in 1961. In doubles at the Australian Open, she made it to the quarterfinals in 1958 and 1959, to the Round of 16 in 1961, and to the Round of 32 in 1968.

Wimbledon

She played tennis at the

in 1961, 1962, and 1963. She took unpaid leave from her job as a teacher to compete at Wimbledon. In 1961 Duldig played women' singles at Wimbledon, representing Australia, and defeated West German

Renate Ostermann Renate Ostermann (14 June 1937 – 26 December 2015) was a German tennis player. Ostermann, who came from Krefeld, twice made the round of 16 in singles at Wimbledon. In 1963 she featured in West Germany's first ever Federation Cup tie, partneri ...

in Round 1, and

Robin Blakelock Robina Blakelock (born 21 February 1944) is a British former tennis player. Starting in 1963, she competed under her married name, Robin Lloyd, and was remarried in 1970 to Australian player Graham Primrose. Active in the 1960s, Blakelock grew ...

of Great Britain in Round 2, while losing to #8 seed American

Karen Hantze Karen Susman (née Hantze; born December 11, 1942) is a retired female tennis player from the United States. She won the 1962 women's singles title at Wimbledon, defeating Věra Pužejová Suková in the final 6–4, 6–4, but did not defend he ...

in Round 3. In addition, she played

mixed doubles Mixed doubles or mixed pairs is a form of mixed-sex sports that consists of teams of one man and one woman. This variation of competition is prominent in curling and racket sports, such as tennis, table tennis and badminton (where it is known as ...

with partner

Roger Dowdeswell Roger Dowdeswell (born 16 February 1944) is a former professional tennis player from Zimbabwe. He is the elder brother of Colin Dowdeswell. Playing career Dowdeswell made the second round of all four Grand Slam (tennis), Grand Slam tournaments du ...

from Zimbabwe, and they lost in Round 2 to

Geoffrey Paish Geoffrey Lane Paish MBE (2 January 1922 – 3 February 2008) was a noted tennis player and administrator. Paish was born in Croydon, Surrey and educated at Mid-Whitgift School (now Trinity School) in Croydon. Career After World War II Paish w ...

of Great Britain and Susan Chatrier of France. Duldig also represented Australia at the 1961 Wimbledon Championships in ladies' doubles, reaching the

quarterfinals A single-elimination, knockout, or sudden death tournament is a type of elimination tournament where the loser of each match-up is immediately eliminated from the tournament. Each winner will play another in the next round, until the final matc ...

with partner Marlene Gerson, where they were defeated by American Sally Moore and Australian Lesley Turner. In 1962 at Wimbledon, representing the Netherlands, in women's singles she beat

Lea Pericoli Lea Pericoli (born 22 March 1935) is an Italian former tennis player and later television presenter and journalist from Milan. She reached the last sixteen of the French Open two times and the Wimbledon Championships three times, and is also fam ...

of Italy in Round 2, but was defeated by #2 seeded American

Darlene Hard Darlene Ruth Hard (January 6, 1936 – December 2, 2021) was an American professional tennis player, known for her aggressive volleying ability and strong serves. She captured singles titles at the French Championships in 1960 and the U.S. Champ ...

in Round 3. Playing in women's doubles with partner Jenny Ridderhof-Seven of the Netherlands, in Round 2 they defeated West Germans Renate Ostermann and

Helga Schultze Helga Schultze (2 February 1940 – 12 September 2015), also known by her married name Helga Hösl, was a German female tennis player who reached a singles ranking of No. 5 in 1964. Schultze was born in Berlin on 2 February 1940, and after World ...

, while in Round 3 they were defeated by South Africans

Valerie Forbes Valerie Koortzen (born 15 February 1937) is a South African former professional tennis player. Koortzen, active on tour in the 1950s and 1960s, twice made it to the singles third round of the Wimbledon Championships. She was a women's doubles q ...

and Heather Segal. Playing in

with partner

Willem Maris Willem Maris (18 February 1844 – 10 October 1910) was a Dutch landscape painter of the Hague School. Biography He was born in The Hague. Willem was the third in a family of five children. His two brothers Jacob and Matthijs Maris preceded him ...

of the Netherlands, in Round 1 they defeated Australian

Jim Shepherd James Shepherd (born 1940) is a former Australian professional tennis player. Career In 1962, he was defeated by Premjit Lall in the second round at the Australian Championships in men's singles. He also defeated Peter McPherson in the first ...

and South African Heather Segal, and in Round 2 they were beaten by

Billy Knight William R. Knight (born June 9, 1952) is an American former professional basketball player and executive. Playing with the Indiana Pacers in both the American Basketball Association (ABA) and later the National Basketball Association (NBA), he w ...

and

Jean Knight Jean Knight (née Caliste; born January 26, 1943)Official records state that Jean Caliste, aged 16, married in June 1954, indicating a birth year of 1938. is an American R&B and soul singer from New Orleans, Louisiana. Launching her profession ...

of the United Kingdom. In 1963 at Wimbledon, again representing the Netherlands, in women's singles she beat Hungary Zsófia Broszmann of Hungary in the round of 64, but was defeated by Elizabeth Starkie of Great Britain in the round of 32. Playing in women's doubles with partner Jenny Ridderhof-Seven, in Round 1 they beat Canadian Hanna Sladek and Jenny Wagstaff of the United Kingdom, in round 2 they defeated American Judy Alvarez and Australian Carole Newman, and in Round 3 they were defeated by South Africans Margaret Hunt and

Annette Van Zyl Annette Van Zyl (born 25 September 1943 in Pretoria), also known by her married name as Annette du Plooy, is a South African former tennis player. She was ranked in the top ten female players during the mid 1960s, and in 1966 she won the French ...

. Playing in

with partner Willem Maris of the Netherlands, in Round 2 they defeated South Africans Tony Hagan and CM Callanan, and in Round 3 they were beaten by West Germany

Wilhelm Bungert Wilhelm Paul Bungert (born 1 April 1939) is a former German tennis player best known for reaching the 1967 Wimbledon final. He participated in the 1970 Davis Cup final as a player and in the 1985 Davis Cup final as team captain. Tennis career ...

and South African

Renée Schuurman Renée Schuurman Haygarth (née Schuurman; 26 October 1939 – 30 May 2001) was a South African tennis player who won five Grand Slam women's doubles titles and one Grand Slam mixed doubles title. Biography Schuurman teamed up with fellow Sou ...

French Championships

Duldig played singles in the 1961 French Championships, losing to 14th seed Deidre Keller of Great Britain in the Round of 128. She then played women's singles in the

1963 French Championships The 1963 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France. The tournament ran from 13 May until 26 May. It was the 67th staging of th ...

, losing to Helga Hosl of Germany in Round 1.

Dutch champion

In 1962 she won the National Championships of the Netherlands in both women's singles and doubles.

Fed Cup

After she married her Dutch husband Henri in 1962, she moved to the Netherlands and represented the country in tennis. She was the highest-ranked female player for the Netherlands in the first

Federation Cup Federation Cup or Fed Cup is the former name of the premier world team competition in women's tennis. Federation Cup may also refer to: * Capital Football Federation Cup, an Australian territory-based association football tournament *Federation Cup ...

, held in 1957 at

Queens Club The Queen's Club is a private sporting club in West Kensington, London, England. The club hosts the annual Queen's Club Championships men's grass court lawn tennis tournament (currently known as the "cinch Championships" for sponsorship reas ...

. In June 1963 she played in the

1963 Federation Cup The 1963 Federation Cup was the first edition of what is now known as the Fed Cup. The tournament was created provide a team competition for women, similar to the Davis Cup men's competition. 16 nations participated in the first event, which was ...

against Switzerland, defeating Alice Wavre in singles, and winning in doubles against Janine Bourgnon and Anne-Marie Studer with her partner Jenny Ridderhof. That same month she played in the Fed Cup against the United States, and was defeated by

in singles, and by

Billie Jean Moffitt Billie Jean King (née Moffitt; born November 22, 1943) is an American former world No. 1 tennis player. King won 39 major titles: 12 in singles, 16 in women's doubles, and 11 in mixed doubles. King was a member of the victorious United States ...

(King) and Carole Caldwell, while partnering Jenny Ridderhof, in the quarter-final.

Australian Championships

In January 1968 she played in the 1968 Australian Championships in women's singles, and defeated Kay Williams in Round 1, and Kerry Ballard in Round 2, before losing to

Lesley Bowrey Lesley Rosemary Turner Bowrey, AM (née Turner; born 16 August 1942) is a retired professional tennis player from Australia. Her career spanned two decades from the late 1950s until the late 1970s. Turner Bowrey won the singles title at the Fr ...

in Round 3. In women's doubles, she partnered Robin Lesh, and they lost in the first round to American Mary-Ann Beattie and Australian

Lynne Nette Lynne Nette (born 26 May 1942), previously known as Lynette Hutchings, is a South African-born Australian former professional tennis player active in the 1960s and 1970s. Nette, a junior Wimbledon Wimbledon most often refers to: * Wimbledon, L ...

Honors

In 2000, she was inducted into the Maccabi Victoria Hall of Fame.

Family and later life

Duldig met Dutch

Maccabiah The Maccabiah Games (a.k.a. the World Maccabiah Games; he, משחקי המכביה, or משחקי המכביה העולמית; sometimes referred to as the "Jewish Olympics"), first held in 1932, are an international Jewish and Israeli multi-sp ...

tennis player Henri de Jong on a Tel Aviv tennis court at the

in Israel. They became engaged five days after they met, and married in February 1962 in Australia at the St Kilda Hebrew Congregation synagogue. They initially lived for three years in

Arnhem Arnhem ( or ; german: Arnheim; South Guelderish: ''Èrnem'') is a city and municipality situated in the eastern part of the Netherlands about 55 km south east of Utrecht. It is the capital of the province of Gelderland, located on both banks of ...

in Holland before settling in Melbourne. They were married for 57 years until his death in 2019. Her daughter,

Tania de Jong Tania Karen de Jong is an Australian soprano, social entrepreneur, businesswoman, motivational speaker, and event producer. She is the Founder of Creative Innovation Global, Creative Universe, Creativity Australia, Dimension5, Music Theatre Au ...

, born in 1964, is an Australian

soprano A soprano () is a type of classical female singing voice and has the highest vocal range of all voice types. The soprano's vocal range (using scientific pitch notation) is from approximately middle C (C4) = 261 Hz to "high A" (A5) = 880&n ...

, social entrepreneur, and businesswoman. In 1965, after Tania's birth, the family returned to Melbourne, and after she gave birth to two more children, Antony and Pieter, Duldig found it challenging to maintain her tennis. After her tennis career, she worked as a recreation consultant, an author, and a designer of playgrounds. She founded the Duldig Studio in 2002 in

East Malvern Malvern East is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 13 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Stonnington local government area. Malvern East recorded a population of 22,296 at the 202 ...

. It is run as a non-profit public museum and art gallery from their former house. It displays the works of her parents. In 2009 she received the

City of Stonnington The City of Stonnington is a local government area located within the metropolitan area of Melbourne, Australia. It comprises the inner south-eastern suburbs, between , from the Melbourne CBD. The city covers an area of . Within twenty years ...

Citizen of the Year Award for "outstanding service to the community" in the area of arts and culture. In 2016 she received a Victorian Community History Historical Interpretation Award with filmmaker David Smith for "Duldig Studio Documentaries. Volume 1". In 2022, her granddaughters Andrea and Emma de Jong ran in the

2022 Maccabiah Games The 2022 Maccabiah Games ( he, משחקי המכביה 2022) took place in Israel from July 14–25, 2022, and are also referred to as the 21st Maccabiah Games ( he, המכביה ה-21). The Maccabiah Games are open to Jewish athletes from arou ...

, and Emma won the 800 metres and 1,500-metre run as a junior.

Memoir and musical

Duldig wrote a memoir, ''Driftwood: Escape and Survival through Art'' (Melbourne: Australian Scholarly Publishing and Arcadia, 2017) about her family's experiences. In 2017, it won a Victorian Community History Award and in 2018, it was longlisted for the Dobbie Award. Her memoir was made into a musical in 2022, entitled ''Driftwood – The Musical'', directed by

Wesley Enoch Wesley James Enoch (born 1969) is an Australian playwright and artistic director. He is especially known for ''The 7 Stages of Grieving'', co-written with Deborah Mailman. He was artistic director of the Queensland Theatre Company from mid-2 ...

. Her daughter Tania wrote some of the lyrics.

Australian Broadcasting Corporation The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) is the national broadcaster of Australia. It is principally funded by direct grants from the Australian Government and is administered by a government-appointed board. The ABC is a publicly-own ...

wrote that the musical "is a remarkable story". ''

The Australian Jewish News ''The Australian Jewish News'' (''AJN'') is a newspaper published in Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Since 2019 it has been a local partner of ''The Times of Israel''. History The ''AJN'' is descended from ''The Hebrew Standa ...

'' wrote: "there’s no shortage of drama, heartache and lucky escape." ''

Limelight Limelight (also known as Drummond light or calcium light)James R. Smith (2004). ''San Francisco's Lost Landmarks'', Quill Driver Books. is a type of stage lighting once used in theatres and music halls. An intense illumination is created when ...

'' wrote that the musical was "sincere to a fault." ''

The Age ''The Age'' is a daily newspaper in Melbourne, Australia, that has been published since 1854. Owned and published by Nine Entertainment, ''The Age'' primarily serves Victoria (Australia), Victoria, but copies also sell in Tasmania, the Austral ...

'' wrote: "Director Gary Abrahams keeps the story’s emotional core vivid and convincing and Anthony Barnhill’s score suits the material well. The singing is excellent.... this show has heart."

References

External links

"Eva De Jong,"
International Tennis Federation.
"Eva Duldig De Jong,"
The SHTICK S26-09 Seg. 1 – Duldig Gallery, ''video'', 31 October 2011
"Against all Odds,"
Eva de Jong-Duldig, Duldig Studio, ''video'', 6 February 2015
"Europe Meets Asia; Karl Duldig, a Viennese sculptor in pre-war Singapore,"
Eva de Jong-Duldig, ''video'', 26 August 2015
"Eva de Jong-Duldig Zooms in on The SHTICK"
S62-07 Seg. 3, ''video'', 4 September 2020 {{DEFAULTSORT:Duldig, Eva 1938 births Australian female tennis players Australian Jews Austrian female tennis players Austrian Jews Australian schoolteachers Dutch female tennis players Dutch Jews Jewish Australian sportspeople Jewish Austrian sportspeople Jewish Dutch sportspeople Jewish emigrants from Austria to Australia after the Anschluss Jewish tennis players Living people Maccabiah Games gold medalists for Australia Maccabiah Games tennis players People from Shepparton Sportspeople from Arnhem Sportswomen from Victoria (Australia) Competitors at the 1957 Maccabiah Games Competitors at the 1961 Maccabiah Games Tennis players from Melbourne Tennis players from Vienna University of Melbourne alumni sportspeople University of Melbourne women Writers from Melbourne Writers from Vienna