Euhadra Kunoensis

''Euhadra'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Bradybaeninae of the family Camaenidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Euhadra Pilsbry, 1890. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=995784 on 2021-02-08

(This snail genus was previously placed in the family Eulotidae).

A few of the species in this genus are unusual in that specimens in those species always have left-handed "sinistral" coiling in their shells, as shown in the specimen on the right. The rest of the species in the genus are right-handed or "dextral" in the shell coiling, as is usually the case in the great majority of gastropods.

Distribution

These snails are almost endemic to Japan, but one of them are distributed in Korea.

Species

Most species in this genus have a dextral shell and 5 species are sinistral.

Dextral species

Dextral species in the genus ''Euhadra'' include:
* '' Euhadra amaliae'' (Kobelt, 1875)
* '' Euhadra awaensis'' (Pilsbry, 1902)
* '' Euhadra brandtii'' (Kobelt, 1875)
* ''Euhadra callizona'' (Crosse, 1871)
* '' Euhadra caspari'' (Möllendorff, 1884)
* '' Euhadra cecillei'' (Philippi, 1849)
* '' Euhadra congenita'' (E. A. Smith, 1878)
* '' Euhadra cyclolabris'' Möllendorff, 1899
* '' Euhadra dixoni'' (Pilsbry, 1900)
* '' Euhadra eoa'' (Crosse, 1868)
* '' Euhadra granulifera'' (Möllendorff, 1888)
* '' Euhadra herklotsi'' (Martens, 1861)
* '' Euhadra idzumonis'' (Pilsbry & Gulick, 1900)
* '' Euhadra kunoensis'' Kuroda in Masuda & Habe, 1989
* ''Euhadra latispira'' (Pilsbry & Hirase, 1909)
** ''Euhadra latispira yagurai'' Kuroda & Habe, 1949
* ''Euhadra luhuana'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1839)
* ''Euhadra moreletiana'' (Heude, 1882)
* '' Euhadra nachicola'' Kuroda, 1929
* '' Euhadra nesiotica'' (Pilsbry, 1902)
* † '' Euhadra pachya'' (Pilsbry, 1902)
* '' Euhadra peliomphala'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1850)
* '' Euhadra sadoensis'' (Pilsbry & Y. Hirase, 1903)
* '' Euhadra sandai'' (Kobelt, 1879)
* '' Euhadra schmackeri'' (Möllendorff, 1888)
* '' Euhadra senckenbergiana'' (Kobelt, 1875)
** '' Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis'' (Gulick & Pilsbry, 1900)
** '' Euhadra senckenbergiana ibukicola''
** '' Euhadra senckenbergiana notoensis''
** '' Euhadra senckenbergiana minoensis''
** '' Euhadra senckenbergiana senckenbergiana''
* '' Euhadra sigeonis'' Kuroda, 1944
* '' Euhadra subnimbosa'' (Kobelt, 1894)
* † '' Euhadra takarajimana'' M. Azuma & Y. Azuma, 1985
* '' Euhadra tokarainsula'' Minato & Habe, 1982
* '' Euhadra yakushimana'' (Pilsbry & Hirase, 1903)

Image:Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis 1.jpg, '' Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis''
Image:Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis 2.jpg, '' Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis''
Image:Euhadra senckenbergiana ibukicola.jpg, '' Euhadra senckenbergiana ibukicola''
Image:Euhadra senckenbergiana senckenbergiana.jpg, '' Euhadra senckenbergiana senckenbergiana''

Sinistral species

Sinistral species in the genus ''Euhadra'' include:
* '' Euhadra decorata'' (Pilsbry & Hirase, 1903)
* '' Euhadra grata'' (Gude, 1900)
** '' Euhadra grata echigoensis'' Murayama, Takizawa & Habe, 1991
* '' Euhadra murayamai'' Habe, 1976
* '' Euhadra quaesita'' (Deshayes, 1850), Sought-after False Hadra
* '' Euhadra scaevola'' (Martens, 1877)

;Species brought into synonymy:
* ''Euhadra amphidroma'' Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of '' Trichocathaica amphidroma'' (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
* ''Euhadra carphochroa'' Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of '' Bradybaena carphochroa'' (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
* ''Euhadra eris'' Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of '' Bradybaena eris'' (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
* ''Euhadra halpozona'' Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of '' Bradybaena halpozona'' (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
* ''Euhadra hickonis'' Kobelt, 1879: synonym of ''Euhadra congenita'' (E. A. Smith, 1878) (junior synonym)
* ''Euhadra iwadensis'' Toba & Kuroda, 1936: synonym of ''Euhadra decorata decorata'' (Pilsbry & Hirase, 1903) (junior synonym)
* ''Euhadra kanmuriensis'' Azuma & Tada, 1969: synonym of ''Euhadra sandai communis'' Pilsbry, 1928 (junior synonym)
* ''Euhadra kanoi'' Kuroda, 1932: synonym of '' Nesiohelix kanoi'' (Kuroda, 1932) (original combination)
* ''Euhadra koreana'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1850): synonym of '' Fruticicola koreana'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1850)
* ''Euhadra micromphala'' Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of '' Bradybaena micromphala'' (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
* ''Euhadra pekanensis'' H. Rolle, 1911: synonym of '' Satsuma pekanensis'' (H. Rolle, 1911) (original combination)
* ''Euhadra pseudocampylaea'' Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of '' Bradybaena pseudocampylaea'' (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
* ''Euhadra pseudopapuina'' Möllendorff, 1901: synonym of '' Aegista pseudopapuina'' (Möllendorff, 1901) (original combination)
* ''Euhadra strauchiana'' Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of '' Bradybaena strauchiana'' (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
* ''Euhadra strictotaenia'' Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of '' Bradybaena strictotaenia'' (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
* ''Euhadra tenuitesta'' Möllendorff, 1899: synonym of '' Bradybaena tenuitesta'' (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
* ''Euhadra tobai'' S. Hirase, 1929: synonym of ''Euhadra decorata decorata'' (Pilsbry & Hirase, 1903) (junior synonym)
* ''Euhadra tokarana'' Azuma, 1982: synonym of ''Euhadra tokarainsula tokarainsula'' Minato & Habe, 1982

References

Further reading

*
* Ueshima R. & Asami T. (16 October 2003). "Evolution: Single-gene speciation by left–right reversal". ''Nature'' 425: 679.
* Kawana M. (2007)
かたつむりの世界〈マイマイ属〉
''The world of land snails (Euhadra) in Japan''. Nagoya, Kinmirai-sha. 332 pp. (with English introduction)
* Yamazaki N., Ueshima R., Terrett J. A., Yokobori S., Kaifu M., Segawa R., Kobayashi T., Numachi K., Ueda T., Nishikawa K., Watanabe K. & Thomas R. H. (1997). "Evolution of pulmonate gastropod mitochondrial genomes: comparisons of complete gene organizations of ''Euhadra'', ''Cepaea'' and ''Albinaria'' and implications of unusual tRNA secondary structures". ''Genetics'' 145: 749-758.
* Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16th, 2017

External links

{{Taxonbar, from=Q11339789

Camaenidae