''Eucharis'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of about 15–20

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

neotropical The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In bioge ...

plants in the Amaryllis family,

native Native may refer to: People * Jus soli, citizenship by right of birth * Indigenous peoples, peoples with a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory ** Native Americans (disambiguation) In arts and entert ...

Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the north, Colombia to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. ...

and

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...

, from

Guatemala Guatemala ( ; ), officially the Republic of Guatemala ( es, República de Guatemala, links=no), is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico; to the northeast by Belize and the Caribbean; to the east by H ...

south to

Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...

. Some species have become naturalized in

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

, the

West Indies The West Indies is a subregion of North America, surrounded by the North Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea that includes 13 independent island countries and 18 dependencies and other territories in three major archipelagos: the Greater A ...

, and scattered tropical islands.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
/ref> The English name Amazon lily is sometimes used for all species in the genus (as well as other genera), but is particularly used for ''

Eucharis amazonica ''Urceolina amazonica'', formerly known as ''Eucharis amazonica'', is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaryllidaceae, native to Peru. It is cultivated as an ornamental in many countries and naturalized in Venezuela, Mexico, the West Ind ...

'' and ''Eucharis'' × ''grandiflora'', which are often confused.

Description

''Eucharis'' is a

perennial A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also wide ...

with a bulb in diameter. The broad-stalked

leaves A leaf (plural, : leaves) is any of the principal appendages of a vascular plant plant stem, stem, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", wh ...

are long and broad. The large showy white

flower A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechani ...

s are borne in an

umbel In botany, an umbel is an inflorescence that consists of a number of short flower stalks (called pedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin ''umbella'' "p ...

of three to ten on an erect scape long. The flowers resemble narcissus flowers in having a prominent central cup, which is sometimes tinged with green. However, while in narcissus this cup is a

corona Corona (from the Latin for 'crown') most commonly refers to: * Stellar corona, the outer atmosphere of the Sun or another star * Corona (beer), a Mexican beer * Corona, informal term for the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which causes the COVID-19 di ...

, in ''Eucharis'' it is composed of widened and fused stamens.

Cultivation and uses

'' and the

hybrid Hybrid may refer to: Science * Hybrid (biology), an offspring resulting from cross-breeding ** Hybrid grape, grape varieties produced by cross-breeding two ''Vitis'' species ** Hybridity, the property of a hybrid plant which is a union of two dif ...

''Eucharis'' × ''grandiflora'' are the best-known and most generally cultivated species. It is propagated by removing the offsets, which may be done in spring, potting them singly in 15 cm pots. It requires good

loam Loam (in geology and soil science) is soil composed mostly of sand (particle size > ), silt (particle size > ), and a smaller amount of clay (particle size < ). By weight, its mineral composition is about 40–40–20% concentration of sand–sil ...

y soil, with enough

sand Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided mineral particles. Sand has various compositions but is defined by its grain size. Sand grains are smaller than gravel and coarser than silt. Sand can also refer to a textural class of s ...

to keep the compost open, and should have a good supply of water. A temperature of 18° to 20 °C during the night, and rising to 25 °C in the day. During summer growth is to be encouraged by repotting, but the plants should afterwards be slightly rested by removal to a night temperature of about 15 °C, water being withheld for a time, though they must not be left dry for too long, the plant being an

evergreen In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which ...

. By the turn of the year they may again have more heat and more water, and this will probably induce them to flower. With a stock of the smaller plants to start them in succession, it is possible to have plants in flower all the year round. A

has been raised between ''Eucharis'' and the allied genus ''

Urceolina ''Urceolina'' is a genus of South American plants in the amaryllis family, all native to Peru. It also occurs in other parts of South America. Species *''Urceolina ayacucensis'' Ravenna *''Urceolina cuzcoensis'' Vargas *''Urceolina fulva'' He ...

'' and given the hybrid name ×''Urceocharis''.

Species

Accepted species

The following are species which are currently included within this genus.The Plant List
/ref> # ''

'' Linden ex Planch. -

Perú , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy fo ...

; naturalized in

México Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...

Fiji Fiji ( , ,; fj, Viti, ; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी, ''Fijī''), officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists ...

, the

Solomon Islands Solomon Islands is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 900 smaller islands in Oceania, to the east of Papua New Guinea and north-west of Vanuatu. It has a land area of , and a population of approx. 700,000. Its capita ...

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

Ascension Island Ascension Island is an isolated volcanic island, 7°56′ south of the Equator in the South Atlantic Ocean. It is about from the coast of Africa and from the coast of South America. It is governed as part of the British Overseas Territory o ...

Society Islands The Society Islands (french: Îles de la Société, officially ''Archipel de la Société;'' ty, Tōtaiete mā) are an archipelago located in the South Pacific Ocean. Politically, they are part of French Polynesia, an overseas country of the F ...

# '' Eucharis astrophiala'' (Ravenna) Ravenna -

Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Eku ...

# ''

Eucharis bakeriana Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * ''Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * '' Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an inv ...

'' N.E.Br. - San Martín Region of

# '' Eucharis bonplandii'' (Kunth) Traub -

Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...

# '' Eucharis bouchei'' Woodson & P.Allen -

Costa Rica Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the no ...

Panamá Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Cost ...

# '' Eucharis candida'' Planch. & Linden -

# ''

Eucharis castelnaeana Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * ''Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * ''Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an inval ...

'' (Baill.) J.F.Macbr. -

( Amazonas),

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...

( Loreto),

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

( Amazonas) # ''

Eucharis caucana Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * ''Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * '' Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an inv ...

'' Meerow -

# ''

Eucharis corynandra Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * '' Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * ''Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an inva ...

'' (Ravenna) Ravenna -

Cajamarca Region Cajamarca (; qu, Kashamarka; ay, Qajamarka) is a department and region in Peru. The capital is the city of Cajamarca. It is located in the north part of the country and shares a border with Ecuador. The city has an elevation of above sea le ...

# '' Eucharis cyaneosperma'' Meerow -

(

La Paz La Paz (), officially known as Nuestra Señora de La Paz (Spanish pronunciation: ), is the seat of government of the Bolivia, Plurinational State of Bolivia. With an estimated 816,044 residents as of 2020, La Paz is the List of Bolivian cities ...

Beni is a Japanese R&B singer, who debuted in 2004 under the Avex Trax label. In 2008, Arashiro left Avex Trax and transferred to Universal Music Japan where she started to perform as simply Beni (stylized as BENI). She was initially best known fo ...

( Amazonas +

Acre The acre is a unit of land area used in the imperial Imperial is that which relates to an empire, emperor, or imperialism. Imperial or The Imperial may also refer to: Places United States * Imperial, California * Imperial, Missouri * Imp ...

) # ''

Eucharis formosa Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * ''Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * '' Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an inv ...

'' Meerow -

# '' Eucharis × grandiflora'' Planch. & Linden -

# †'' Eucharis lehmannii'' Regel -

Cauca Department Cauca Department (, es, Departamento del Cauca) is a Department of Southwestern Colombia. Located in the southwestern part of the country, facing the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Valle del Cauca Department to the north, Tolima Department t ...

but

extinct Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...

# '' Eucharis moorei'' (Baker) Meerow -

# '' Eucharis oxyandra'' (Ravenna) Ravenna -

Huánuco Region Huánuco (; qu, Wanuku) is a city in central Peru. It had a population of 196,627 as of 2017 and in 2015 it had a population of 175,068. It is the capital of the Huánuco Region and the Huánuco District. It is the seat of the diocese of Huán ...

# ''

Eucharis plicata Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * ''Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * ''Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * ''Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus ''Epicharis (bee), Epichar ...

'' Meerow -

(

San Martín San Martín or San Martin may refer to: People Saints * Saint Martin (disambiguation)#People, name of various saints in Spanish Political leaders *Vicente San Martin (1839 -1901), Military, National hero of Mexico. *Basilio San Martin (1849 ...

), Bolivia (

) # '' Eucharis sanderi'' Baker -

# ''

Eucharis ulei Eucharis may refer to: Organisms ;genera * ''Eucharis (plant)'', a genus of monocotyledons * '' Eucharis (wasp)'', type genus of the Eucharitidae family * '' Eucharis (ant)'', a genus of ant * a ''lapsus'' for the bee genus '' Epicharis'' * an inva ...

'' Kraenzl. -

( Amazonas),

(

, Pando),

( Amazonas +

)

Formerly Included

Several plants that were once placed within the genus ''Eucharis'' have since been reclassified to other genera (''

Caliphruria ''Caliphruria'' is a genus of herbaceous, perennial and bulbous plants in the Amaryllis family ( Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae.) The four species grow in tropical areas of South America, with three endemic to Colombia, but are r ...

Mathieua ''Mathieua'' is a genus of South American plants in the family Amaryllidaceae. It contains only one known species, ''Mathieua galanthoides'', native to Peru but reportedly extinct Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a ...

'' and '' Plagiolirion'').

References

External links

Bulbsociety

Image of Eucharis in Pacific Bulb Society
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2662997 Amaryllidaceae genera

Description

Cultivation and uses

Species

Accepted species

Formerly Included

See also

References

External links