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''Ettela'at'' ( fa, اطلاعات, Ettelâ'ât, ) is a
''Ettala'at'' was started by Abbas Massoudi in 1926 as a four-page paper and sold nearly 2,000 copies per week. The circulation of the paper was 15,000 copies during the reign of
Persian language
Persian (), also known by its endonym Farsi (, ', ), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages. Persian is a pluricentric language predominantly spoken and ...
daily newspaper of record
A newspaper of record is a major national newspaper with large circulation whose editorial and news-gathering functions are considered authoritative and independent; they are thus "newspapers of record by reputation" and include some of the o ...
published in Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
. It is among the oldest publications in the country, and the oldest running Persian daily newspaper
A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background.
Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as politics, business, sports a ...
in the world. The paper has a conservative stance and focuses on political, cultural, social and economic news. Until the revolution of 1979, the newspaper was associated with its chief founder Abbas Massoudi use both this parameter and , birth_date to display the person's date of birth, date of death, and age at death) -->
, death_place =Tehran, Iran
, body_discovered =
, resting_place =
, resting_place_coordinates =
, burial_place ...
(1895-1974).
History and profile
''Ettala'at'' was started by Abbas Massoudi in 1926 as a four-page paper and sold nearly 2,000 copies per week. The circulation of the paper was 15,000 copies during the reign of Reza Shah
Reza Shah Pahlavi ( fa, رضا شاه پهلوی; ; originally Reza Khan (); 15 March 1878 – 26 July 1944) was an Iranian Officer (armed forces), military officer, politician (who served as Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (Iran), ...
. At the beginning of World War II. the paper was expanded and had eight pages.
''Ettala'at'' supported Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
, title = Shahanshah Aryamehr Bozorg Arteshtaran
, image = File:Shah_fullsize.jpg
, caption = Shah in 1973
, succession = Shah of Iran
, reign = 16 September 1941 – 11 February 1979
, coronation = 26 October ...
during his reign. One of the editors-in-chief was Hassan Sayyed Javadi, younger brother of Ali Sayyed Javadi, another journalist with '' Kayhan'', and Ahmad Sayyed Javadi
Ahmad Sayyed Javadi ( fa, احمد صدر حاجسیدجوادی; 24 June 1917 – 31 March 2013) was an Iranian lawyer, political activist and politician, who served as interior minister and justice minister. He was the first interior min ...
, sometime interior minister of the Islamic government. In the late 1960s the publisher of the paper was Abbas Massoudi who served as the vice president of the Iranian Senate.
On 6 January 1978, an article appeared in ''Ettela'at'', suggesting Ayatollah
Ayatollah ( ; fa, آیتالله, āyatollāh) is an Title of honor, honorific title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy in Iran and Iraq that came into widespread usage in the 20th century.
Etymology
The title is originally derived from ...
Ruhollah Khomeini
Ruhollah Khomeini, Ayatollah Khomeini, Imam Khomeini ( , ; ; 17 May 1900 – 3 June 1989) was an Iranian political and religious leader who served as the first supreme leader of Iran from 1979 until his death in 1989. He was the founder of ...
was a British agent serving colonialism. The article also challenged Khomeini's Iranian origins and claimed that he had been living an immoral life. The next day, clerics in Qom
Qom (also spelled as "Ghom", "Ghum", or "Qum") ( fa, قم ) is the seventh largest metropolis and also the seventh largest city in Iran. Qom is the capital of Qom Province. It is located to the south of Tehran. At the 2016 census, its popul ...
protested and the police demanded they disperse. When they refused, police opened fire and at least twenty people were killed. Iranian media displayed outrage, which increased tensions leading up to the 1979 Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution ( fa, انقلاب ایران, Enqelâb-e Irân, ), also known as the Islamic Revolution ( fa, انقلاب اسلامی, Enqelâb-e Eslâmī), was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynas ...
. During the clashes between the Imperial forces and revolutionaries, ''Kayhan'' and ''Ettela'at'' was censored in October 1978.
Following the revolution, ''Ettela'at'' became a state-sponsored publication together with ''Kayhan'' and ''Jomhouri-e Eslami
''Jomhouri-e Eslami'' ( fa, جمهوری اسلامی) is an official Newspapers in Iran, Iranian newspaper, which started its work on 30 May 1979, as the newspaper of Islamic Republic Party. In the beginning it was under the grantee of Islamic R ...
'' of which publishers are directly appointed by the Supreme Leader.
On 31 January 1979, ''Kayhan'' and ''Ettela'at'' announced that Khomeini would return from Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
the next day. ''Ettela'ats title was "tomorrow morning at 9, visiting Imam in Tehran." The news led to the flow of millions of people from different cities to Tehran. In 1979, the newspaper published a photo known as ''Firing Squad in Iran
Jahangir Razmi ( fa, جهانگیر رزمی) (b. December 16, 1947 in Arak, Iran) is an Iranian photographer and the author of the entry that won the 1980 Pulitzer Prize, 1980 Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography. His photograph, ''Firing Sq ...
'', showing Kurdish militants being executed by Iranian authorities. The photo would later go on to win the 1980 Pulitzer Prize, attributed to "Anonymous", but later was revealed in 2006 to be Jahangir Razmi
Jahangir Razmi ( fa, جهانگیر رزمی) (b. December 16, 1947 in Arak, Iran) is an Iranian photographer and the author of the entry that won the 1980 Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography. His photograph, ''Firing Squad in Iran'', was ta ...
.
See also
*List of newspapers in Iran
The first Iranian newspapers appeared in the mid-19th century during the reign of Naser al-Din Shah. More specifically, the first newspaper in Iran, Kaghaz-e Akhbar (The Newspaper), was launched for the government by Mirza Saleh Shirazi in 1837. ...
*"The Shah Is Gone
"The Shah Is Gone" ( fa, شاه رفت, Šâh raft) is a headline that appeared on the front cover of the Iranian newspaper ''Ettela'at'' on Tuesday, 16 January 1979, when the Shah left Iran, a few days before the fall of the Pahlavi dynasty a ...
"
References
Sources
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Ettelat 1926 establishments in Iran Newspapers published in Tehran Persian-language newspapers Publications established in 1926 State media