''Erynia'' is a genus of
fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...
within the family of
Entomophthoraceae
Entomophthoraceae is a family of fungi in the order Entomophthorales
The Entomophthorales are an order of fungi that were previously classified in the class Zygomycetes. A new subdivision, Entomophthoromycotina, has recently been circumscri ...
and order
Entomophthorales
The Entomophthorales are an order (biology), order of fungi that were previously classified in the class Zygomycetes. A new subdivision, Entomophthoromycotina, has recently been circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed for them.
Most species of ...
of the
Zygomycota
Zygomycota, or zygote fungi, is a former division or phylum of the kingdom Fungi. The members are now part of two phyla: the Mucoromycota and Zoopagomycota. Approximately 1060 species are known. They are mostly terrestrial in habitat, living i ...
. This has been supported by molecular phylogenetic analysis (Gryganskyi et al. 2012).
The genus name of ''Erynia'' was originally named by the Polish scientist Leon Nowakowski in 1881. It was named after the
Greek mythological
A major branch of classical mythology, Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the ancient Greeks, and a genre of Ancient Greek folklore. These stories concern the origin and nature of the world, the lives and activities of d ...
creatures known as the
Erinyes
The Erinyes ( ; sing. Erinys ; grc, Ἐρινύες, pl. of ), also known as the Furies, and the Eumenides, were female chthonic deities of vengeance in ancient Greek religion and mythology. A formulaic oath in the ''Iliad'' invokes ...
or as the Romans called them, the ''Furies'', who were described as spirits that claimed vengeance against a crime. It could be classed as an insect pest feeding on a plant, being a specific crime for which the fungus would kill the insect, thus exacting vengeance.
Distribution
It has a
cosmopolitan distribution
In biogeography, cosmopolitan distribution is the term for the range of a taxon that extends across all or most of the world in appropriate habitats. Such a taxon, usually a species, is said to exhibit cosmopolitanism or cosmopolitism. The ext ...
(scattered worldwide). Including
Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...
.
Hosts
Species ''Erynia conica'' infects two types of mosquitos; ''
Aedes aegypti
''Aedes aegypti'', the yellow fever mosquito, is a mosquito that can spread dengue fever, chikungunya, Zika fever, Mayaro and yellow fever viruses, and other disease agents. The mosquito can be recognized by black and white markings on its legs ...
'' and ''
Culex restuans
''Culex restuans'' is a species of mosquito known to occur in Canada, the United States, Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras. It is a disease vector for St. Louis encephalitis and West Nile virus. In 2013 West Nile Virus positive specimens were collec ...
''.
Species
As accepted by
Species Fungorum
''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of Mi ...
;
*''
Erynia aquatica''
*''
Erynia chironomi''
*''
Erynia cicadellis''
*''
Erynia conica''
*''
Erynia curvispora''
*''
Erynia delpiniana''
*''
Erynia fluvialis''
*''
Erynia gigantea''
*''
Erynia gracilis''
*''
Erynia henrici''
*''
Erynia jaczewskii''
*''
Erynia nebriae''
*''
Erynia ovispora''
*''
Erynia pentatomis''
*''
Erynia phalangicida''
*''
Erynia phalloides''
*''
Erynia plecopteri''
*''
Erynia rhizospora''
*''
Erynia sepulchralis''
*''
Erynia thurgoviensis''
*''
Erynia triangularis''
*''
Erynia tumefacta''
*''
Erynia variabilis''
Former species; (all family Entomophthoraceae)
* ''E. americana'' = ''
Furia americana''
* ''E. anglica'' = ''
Zoophthora anglica''
* ''E. anhuiensis'' = ''
Zoophthora anhuiensis''
* ''E. aphidis'' = ''
Zoophthora aphidis''
* ''E. athaliae'' = ''
Zoophthora athaliae''
* ''E. blunckii'' = ''
Pandora blunckii''
* ''E. borea'' = ''
Pandora borea''
* ''E. brahminae'' = ''
Pandora brahminae''
* ''E. bullata'' = ''
Pandora bullata''
* ''E. bullata'' = ''Pandora bullata''
* ''E. calliphorae'' = ''
Entomophthora calliphorae''
* ''E. canadensis'' = ''
Zoophthora canadensis''
* ''E. caroliniana'' = ''
Eryniopsis caroliniana''
* ''E. castrans'' = ''
Strongwellsea castrans''
* ''E. coleopterorum'' = ''
Entomophthora coleopterorum''
* ''E. crassitunicata'' = ''
Zoophthora crassitunicata''
* ''E. creatonoti'' = ''
Furia creatonoti''
* ''E. creatonoti'' = ''Furia creatonoti''
* ''E. crustosa'' = ''
Furia gastropachae''
* ''E. dacnusae'' = ''
Pandora dacnusae''
* ''E. delphacis'' = ''
Pandora delphacis''
* ''E. dipterigena'' = ''
Pandora dipterigena''
* ''E. echinospora'' = ''
Pandora echinospora
In Greek mythology, Pandora (Greek language, Greek: , derived from , ''pān'', i.e. "all" and , ''dōron'', i.e. "gift", thus "the all-endowed", "all-gifted" or "all-giving") was the first human woman created by Hephaestus on the instructions ...
''
* ''E. elateridiphaga'' = ''
Zoophthora elateridiphaga''
* ''E. ellisiana'' = ''
Furia ellisiana''
* ''E. erinacea'' = ''
Zoophthora erinacea''
* ''E. forficulae'' = ''
Zoophthora forficulae''
* ''E. formicae'' = ''
Pandora formicae''
* ''E. geometralis'' = ''
Zoophthora geometralis''
* ''E. gloeospora'' = ''
Pandora gloeospora''
* ''E. humberi'' = ''
Zoophthora humberi''
* ''E. ithacensis'' = ''
Furia ithacensis''
* ''E. kondoiensis'' = ''
Pandora kondoiensis''
* ''E. lanceolata'' = ''
Zoophthora lanceolata''
* ''E. magna'' = ''
Strongwellsea magna''
* ''E. minutispora'' = ''
Pandora minutispora''
* ''E. montana'' = ''
Furia montana''
* ''E. myrmecophaga'' = ''
Pandora myrmecophaga''
* ''E. neoaphidis'' = ''
Pandora neoaphidis''
* ''E. neopyralidarum'' = ''
Furia neopyralidarum''
* ''E. nouryi'' = ''
Pandora nouryi''
* ''E. occidentalis'' = ''
Zoophthora occidentalis''
* ''E. orientalis'' = ''
Zoophthora orientalis''
* ''E. petchii'' = ''
Zoophthora petchii''
* ''E. phytonomi'' = ''
Zoophthora phytonomi
''Zoophthora'' is a genus of fungi in the family Entomophthoraceae. Like other taxa in this family, ''Zoophthora'' species cause disease in insects and as such are considered entomopathogenic fungi.
Like most entomopathogenic fungal taxa, ''Zoop ...
''
* ''E. pieris'' = ''
Furia pieris''
* ''E. radicans'' = ''
Zoophthora radicans''
* ''E. suturalis'' = ''
Zoophthora suturalis''
* ''E. virescens'' = ''
Furia virescens''
* ''E. vomitoriae'' = ''
Furia vomitoriae''
* ''E. zabri'' = ''
Furia zabri''
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q17389632
Entomophthorales
Zygomycota genera