The Ervipiame or Hierbipiame were a Native people of modern

Coahuila Coahuila (), formally Coahuila de Zaragoza (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Coahuila de Zaragoza ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza), is one of the 32 states of Mexico. Coahuila borders the Mexican states of N ...

and

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...

. Beginning in the 16th century Spanish settlement in what is today Northern Mexico and the accompanying diseases and slave raiding to supply ranches and mines with Native American labor had disruptive effects upon the inhabitants of region, by the 17th century clearly disrupting the lower

Rio Grande Valley The Lower Rio Grande Valley ( es, Valle del Río Grande), commonly known as the Rio Grande Valley or locally as the Valley or RGV, is a region spanning the border of Texas and Mexico located in a floodplain of the Rio Grande near its mouth. The ...

. The Erviapiame lived primarily on the western or southern side of the Rio Grande in what is today

, primarily to the south of modern

Guerrero, Coahuila Guerrero is a city and seat of the municipality of Guerrero, in the north-eastern Mexican state of Coahuila. The 2010 census population was reported as 959 inhabitants. San Juan Bautista missions In the early 1700s, a series of Christian missi ...

. Some of them entered

Mission San Juan Bautista Mission San Juan Bautista is a Spanish mission in San Juan Bautista, San Benito County, California. Founded on June 24, 1797 by Fermín Lasuén of the Franciscan order, the mission was the fifteenth of the Spanish missions established in presen ...

and

Mission San Francisco Vizzaron Mission (from Latin ''missio'' "the act of sending out") may refer to: Organised activities Religion *Christian mission, an organized effort to spread Christianity * Mission (LDS Church), an administrative area of The Church of Jesus Christ of ...

when these missions were founded about 1700. Later the Ervipiame were one of several people that lived in the Rancheria Grande along the

Brazos River The Brazos River ( , ), called the ''Río de los Brazos de Dios'' (translated as "The River of the Arms of God") by early Spanish explorers, is the 11th-longest river in the United States at from its headwater source at the head of Blackwater Dr ...

in what is today eastern Texas. They lived there by the 1710s. By 1719 they were led by a man named

El Cuilón El Cuilón, also known as Juan Rodrguez (born about 1680) was a leader of the Ervipiame The Ervipiame or Hierbipiame were a Native people of modern Coahuila and Texas. Beginning in the 16th century Spanish settlement in what is today Northern Mexic ...

who the Spanish tried to set up as the leader of the Rancheria Grande. In 1722 El Cuilón lead a group of Rancheria Grande residents, many of them Erviiapame, westward to settle at

Mission San Francisco Xavier de Najera Mission (from Latin ''missio'' "the act of sending out") may refer to: Organised activities Religion *Christian mission, an organized effort to spread Christianity * Mission (LDS Church), an administrative area of The Church of Jesus Christ of ...

. Later in the 1720s some of the Erviapame moved to

Mission San Antonio de Valero The Alamo is a historic Spanish missions in the Americas, Spanish mission and fortress compound founded in the 18th century by Roman Catholic missionaries in what is now San Antonio, Texas, United States. It was the site of the Battle of the Al ...

. However they often only stayed there a short time and many of them were classed as "runaways" by the Spanish.

Mariano Francisco de los Dolores y Viana Mariano is a masculine name from the Romance languages, corresponding to the feminine Mariana. It is an Italian, Spanish and Portuguese variant of the Roman Marianus which derived from Marius, and Marius derived from the Roman god Mars (see also ...

starting before 1735 made annual trips to the Rancheria Grande and tried to get the Ervipiame and other groups there to move to the missions around

San Antonio ("Cradle of Freedom") , image_map = , mapsize = 220px , map_caption = Interactive map of San Antonio , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = United States , subdivision_type1= U.S. state, State , subdivision_name1 = Texas , s ...

. Although many Ervipiame had fled the San Antonio missions they did see some advantages to the mission system and in 1745 sent a delegation along with the

Yojuanes The Yojuane were a people who lived in Texas in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. They were closely associated with the Jumano and may have also been related to the Tonkawa. They have no connection to the Yowani in Texas, a Choctaw band. Etymol ...

Deadoses The Deadose were a Native American Tribe in present-day Texas closely associated with the Jumano, Yojuane, Bidai and other groups living in the Rancheria Grande of the Brazos River in eastern Texas in the early 18th century. Like other groups i ...

and other residents of the Rancheria Grande to ask that a mission be built along the Brazos. In 1747 some of the Ervipiame moved to Mission San Francisco Xavier de Horcasitas on the San Gabriel River,John, ''Storms Brewed in Other Men's World'', p. 283

Sources

{{authority control Native American tribes in Texas