''Ischyrus quadripunctatus''
![Acropteroxys gracilis](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Acropteroxys_gracilis.jpg)
Erotylidae, or the pleasing fungus beetles, is a
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
of
beetle
Beetles are insects that form the order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Endopterygota. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Coleoptera, with about 400,000 describ ...
s belonging to
Cucujoidea
Cucujoidea is a superfamily of beetles. This group formerly included all of the families now included in the superfamily Coccinelloidea. They include some fungus beetles and a diversity of lineages of "bark beetles" unrelated to the "true" bark be ...
containing over 100
genera. In the present circumscription, it contains 6 tribes (
Tritomini
Tritomini is a tribe of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae
''Ischyrus quadripunctatus''
Erotylidae, or the pleasing fungus beetles, is a family of beetles belonging to Cucujoidea containing over 100 genera. In the present cir ...
,
Dacnini,
Megalodacnini,
Erotylini,
Cryptophilini, and
Languriini
Languriini is a tribe of lizard beetles in the family Erotylidae, subfamily Languriinae. There are about 5 genera and at least 20 described species in Languriini.
ITIS Taxonomic note:
*Authorship corrected to Hope 1840, per Bouchard et al., (20 ...
) and 10 subfamilies (
Cryptophilinae,
Dacninae,
Encaustinae,
Erotylinae
Erotylinae is a subfamily of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae.
Selected genera
* ''Acropteroxys'' Gorham, 1887
* '' Antillengis''
* '' Aegithus''
* '' Altisessor''
* '' Aulacochilus''
* ''Bacis''
* '' Brachysphaenus''
* '' Cocc ...
,
Languriinae,
Loberinae,
Megalodacninae,
Pharaxonothinae,
Tritominae, and
Xenoscelinae
Xenoscelinae is a subfamily of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are about 8 genera and 12 described species in Xenoscelinae.
Genera
These eight genera belong to the subfamily Xenoscelinae:
* '' Cryptophilus'' Reitter, 187 ...
).
In other words, the narrowly circumscribed Erotylidae correspond to the subfamily Erotylinae in the definition ''
sensu lato
''Sensu'' is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular c ...
''. There are doubts on the
monophyly
In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gro ...
of lower ranked taxa within Erotylidae, with further phylogenetic studies requiring better sampling and studies of unexplored character sets, for example the metendosternite and penile flagellum, which are generally lacking detailed morphological studies within the Coleoptera literature. The Eroytlina taxonomy is based off traits such as their different colors and not off morphological differences like mouthparts, thorax, and abdominal terminalia (Pecci-Maddalena).
Erotylidae feed on
plant
Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclu ...
and
fungal
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from th ...
matter; some are important
pollinators (e.g. of the ancient
cycad
Cycads are seed plants that typically have a stout and woody (ligneous) trunk with a crown of large, hard, stiff, evergreen and (usually) pinnate leaves. The species are dioecious, that is, individual plants of a species are either male o ...
s), while a few have gained notoriety as
pests of some significance. Sometimes, useful and harmful species are found in one
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
, e.g. ''
Pharaxonotha''. Most pleasing fungus beetles, however, are inoffensive animals of little significance to humans.
The oldests fossil is an undescribed specimen known from Early Cretaceous (
Barremian
The Barremian is an age in the geologic timescale (or a chronostratigraphic stage) between 129.4 ± 1.5 Ma (million years ago) and 121.4 ± 1.0 Ma). It is a subdivision of the Early Cretaceous Epoch (or Lower Cretaceous Series). It is precede ...
)
Lebanese amber
Lebanese amber is fossilized resin found in Lebanon and southwest Syria. It dates back approximately 130-125 million years to the Barremian of the Early Cretaceous. It formed on what was then the northern coast of Gondwana, believed to be a tropi ...
.
Selected genera
These 160 genera belong to the family Erotylidae:
* ''
Acropteroxys
''Acropteroxys'' is a genus of lizard beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are at least two described species in ''Acropteroxys''.
Species
These two species belong to the genus ''Acropteroxys'':
* ''Acropteroxys gracilis'' (Newman, 1838) (sl ...
''
Gorham, 1887 i c g b
* ''
Acryptophagus''
* ''
Aegithus''
Fabricius, 1801 g
* ''
Amblyopus''
Lacordaire, 1842 g
* ''
Amblyscelis''
Gorham, 1888
* ''
Anadastus''
Gorham, 1887 g
* ''
Apolybas''
Alvarenga, 1965 g
* ''
Atomarops''
Reitter
* ''
Aulacochilus''
Lacordaire, 1842
* ''
Bacis''
Dejean, 1836 g
* ''
Barytopus''
Chevrolat, 1836 g
* ''
Bolerus''
Grouvelle
* ''
Brachypterosa''
Zablotny & Leschen, 1996
* ''
Brachysphaenus''
* ''
Caenolanguria''
Gorham, 1887 g
* ''
Callischyrus''
* ''
Camptocarpus''
* ''
Cathartocryptus''
Sharp, 1886 i c g
* ''
Chinophagus''
Ljubarsky, 1997
* ''
Cladoxena''
Motschulsky
* ''
Cnecosa''
* ''
Coccimorphus''
Hope, 1841
* ''
Coelocryptus''
Sharp, 1900
* ''
Combocerus''
Bedel, 1868 g
* ''
Coptengis''
Crotch, 1876
* ''
Crotchia''
Fowler
* ''
Crowsenguptus''
* ''
Cryptodacne''
Sharp, 1878 g
* ''
Cryptophilus''
Reitter, 1874 i c g b
* ''
Cycadophila''
Xu, Tang & Skelley, 2015 g
* ''
Cypherotylus''
Crotch, 1873
* ''
Cyrtomorphus''
Lacordaire, 1842 g
* ''
Cytorea''
* ''
Dacne''
Latrielle, 1796
* ''
Dactylotritoma''
Arrow, 1925 g
* ''
Dapsa''
* ''
Dasydactylus
''Dasydactylus'' is a genus of lizard beetles in the family Erotylidae
''Ischyrus quadripunctatus''
Erotylidae, or the pleasing fungus beetles, is a family of beetles belonging to Cucujoidea containing over 100 genera. In the present circum ...
''
Gorham, 1887 i c g b
* ''
Doubledaya''
White, 1850 g
* ''
Ectrapezidera''
* ''
Ellipticus''
Chevrolat, 1836 g
* ''
Empocryptus''
Sharp
* ''
Encaustes''
Lacordaire, 1842 g
* ''
Epilanguria''
Fowler, 1908 g
* ''
Episcapha''
Dejean, 1837
* ''
Episcaphula''
Crotch
* ''
Erotylina''
Curran, 1944 g
* ''
Erotylus''
Fabricius, 1775
* ''
Eutriplax''
Lewis, 1887
* ''
Fitoa''
* ''
Goniolanguria''
* ''
Haematochiton''
Gorham, 1888 i c g b
* ''
Hapalips''
Reitter, 1877 i c g b
* ''
Henoticonus''
Reitter, 1878
* ''
Hirsotriplax''
* ''
Hirsutotriplax''
Skelley, 1993 i c g b
* ''
Homoeotelus''
Hope, 1841
* ''
Hoplepiscapha''
Lea, 1922
* ''
Hornerotylus''
g
* ''
Iphiclus''
Chevrolat, 1836 g
* ''
Ischyrus''
Lacordaire, 1842 i c g b
* ''
Languria
''Languria'' is a genus of lizard beetles in the family Erotylidae
''Ischyrus quadripunctatus''
Erotylidae, or the pleasing fungus beetles, is a family of beetles belonging to Cucujoidea containing over 100 genera. In the present circumscri ...
''
Latreille, 1802 i c g b
* ''
Languriomorpha''
* ''
Langurites
''Langurites'' is a genus of lizard beetles in the family Erotylidae
''Ischyrus quadripunctatus''
Erotylidae, or the pleasing fungus beetles, is a family of beetles belonging to Cucujoidea containing over 100 genera. In the present circumsc ...
''
Motschulsky, 1860 i c g b
* ''
Lepidotoramus''
Leschen, 1997 i c g
* ''
Leucohimatium''
Rosenhauer, 1856
* ''
Ligurana''
Chûjô, 1974 g
* ''
Linodesmus''
Bedel, 1882
* ''
Loberogosmus''
Reitter
* ''
Loberolus''
* ''
Loberonotha''
Sen Gupta and Crowson, 1969 i c g
* ''
Loberopsyllus''
* ''
Loberoschema''
Reitter
* ''
Loberus''
LeConte, 1861 i c g b
* ''
Lobosternum''
Reitter, 1875 i c g
* ''
Lybanodes''
* ''
Lybas''
Lacordaire, 1842 g
* ''
Macromelea''
Hope
* ''
Macrophagus''
Motschulsky
* ''
Malleolanguria''
* ''
Megalodacne''
Crotch, 1873 i c g b
* ''
Megischyrus''
Crotch, 1873 g
* ''
Meristobelus''
* ''
Micrencaustes''
Crotch, 1875 g
* ''
Microlanguria''
Lewis
* ''
Microsternus''
Lewis, 1887 i c g b
* ''
Mimodacne''
* ''
Mycetaea''
Stephens, 1829
* ''
Mycolybas''
Crotch, 1876
* ''
Mycophtorus''
Lacordaire, 1842 g
* ''
Mycotretus
''Mycotretus'' is a genus of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae
''Ischyrus quadripunctatus''
Erotylidae, or the pleasing fungus beetles, is a family of beetles belonging to Cucujoidea containing over 100 genera. In the present ...
''
Lacordaire, 1842 i c g b
* ''
Neocladoxena''
Maeda, 1974 g
* ''
Neodacne''
Chûjô, 1976 g
* ''
Neoloberolus''
Leschen, 2003 i c g
* ''
Neopriotelus''
Alvarenga, 1965 g
* ''
Neosternus''
Dai & Zhao, 2013 g
* ''
Neotriplax''
* ''
Neoxestus''
Crotch, 1875 g
* ''
Nomotus''
* ''
Oligocorynus''
Chevrolat, 1836 g
* ''
Oretylus''
Heller, 1920 g
* ''
Ortholanguria''
* ''
Othniocryptus''
Sharp, 1900
* ''
Pachylanguria''
Crotch, 1875 g
* ''
Paederolanguria''
Mader, 1939 g
* ''
Paphezia''
Zablotny & Leschen, 1996
* ''
Paracladoxena''
Fowler
* ''
Paraxonotha''
g
* ''
Pediacus''
* ''
Penolanguria''
Kolbe
* ''
Pharaxonotha''
Reitter, 1875 i c g b
* ''
Phricobacis''
Crotch, 1876 g
* ''
Platoberus''
Sharp
* ''
Prepopharus''
Erichson, 1847 g
* ''
Promecolanguria''
* ''
Protoloberus''
Leschen, 2003 i c g
* ''
Pselaphacus''
Percheron, 1835 g
* ''
Pselaphandra''
Jacobson, 1904
* ''
Pseudhapalips''
Champion
* ''
Pseudhenoticus''
Sharp
* ''
Pseudischyrus''
Casey, 1916 i c g b
* ''
Pseudotritoma''
Gorham, 1888 g
* ''
Rhodotritoma''
Arrow, 1925 g
* ''
Scaphengis''
Gorham, 1888 g
* ''
Scaphidomorphus''
Hope, 1841 g
* ''
Scaphodacne''
Heller, 1918
* ''
Scelidopetalon''
Delkeskamp, 1957 g
* ''
Setariola''
Jakobson, 1915 g
* ''
Sphenoxus''
Lacordaire, 1842 g
* ''
Spondotriplax''
Crotch, 1875 g
* ''
Stengita''
* ''
Stenodina''
* ''
Strongylosomus''
Chevrolat, 1836 g
* ''
Tapinotarsus''
Kirsch, 1865 g
* ''
Telmatoscius''* ''
Teretilanguria''
* ''
Tetralanguria''
Crotch, 1875 g
* ''
Tetraphala''
g
* ''
Tetratritoma''
Arrow, 1925 g
* ''
Thallis''
* ''
Thallisella''
Crotch
* ''
Thallisellodes''
Arrow, 1925 g
* ''
Tomarops''
Grouvelle, 1903
* ''
Toramus''
Grouvelle, 1916 i c g b
* ''
Trapezidera''
* ''
Trapezidistes''
Fowler, 1887 g
* ''
Trichotritoma''
* ''
Trichulus''
* ''
Triplacidea''
Gorham, 1901
* ''
Triplax
''Triplax'' is a genus of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae
''Ischyrus quadripunctatus''
Erotylidae, or the pleasing fungus beetles, is a family of beetles belonging to Cucujoidea containing over 100 genera. In the present ci ...
''
Herbst, 1793 i c g b
* ''
Tritoma
''Tritoma'' is a genus of beetles in the family Erotylidae, the pleasing fungus beetles. It is distributed worldwide, mainly in the Old World.Goodrich, M. A. and C. A. Springer. (1999)The pleasing fungus beetles (Coleoptera: Erotylidae) of Nebr ...
''
Fabricius, 1775 i c g b
* ''
Truquiella''
b
* ''
Typocephalus''
Chevrolat, 1837 g
* ''
Xenocryptus''
Arrow, 1929
* ''
Xenohimatium''
Lyubarsky & Perkovsky, 2012 g
* ''
Xenoscelinus''
Grouvelle, 1910 g
* ''
Xenoscelis''
Wollaston, 1864 g
* ''
Xestus''
Wollaston, 1864 g
* ''
Zavaljus''
Reitter, 1880 g* ''
Acropteroxys
''Acropteroxys'' is a genus of lizard beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are at least two described species in ''Acropteroxys''.
Species
These two species belong to the genus ''Acropteroxys'':
* ''Acropteroxys gracilis'' (Newman, 1838) (sl ...
''
Gorham, 1887
* ''
Zonarius'' (= ''Oligocorynus'')
* ''
Zythonia''
Westwood, 1874
Data sources: i = ITIS,[ c = Catalogue of Life,][ g = GBIF,][ b = Bugguide.net]
References
*
*
*
*
External links
*
*
Key to the British species of family Erotylidae
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1194119
Cucujoidea families