Ernst Viktor von Leyden (20 April 1832 – 5 October 1910) was a German internist from Danzig.

Biography

He studied medicine at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Institut in

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and List of cities in Germany by population, largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European Union by population within ci ...

, and was a pupil of

Johann Lukas Schönlein Johann Lukas Schönlein (30 November 1793 – 23 January 1864) was a German naturalist, and professor of medicine, born in Bamberg. He studied medicine at Landshut, Jena, Göttingen, and Würzburg. After teaching at Würzburg and Zurich, he was ...

(1793–1864) and Ludwig Traube (1818–1876). He was later a medical professor at the universities of

Königsberg Königsberg (, ) was the historic Prussian city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia. Königsberg was founded in 1255 on the site of the ancient Old Prussian settlement ''Twangste'' by the Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades, and was name ...

Strassburg Strasbourg (, , ; german: Straßburg ; gsw, label= Bas Rhin Alsatian, Strossburi , gsw, label= Haut Rhin Alsatian, Strossburig ) is the prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est region of eastern France and the official seat of the E ...

and Berlin. Leyden was an important influence to the career of Ludwig Edinger (1855–1918), and during his tenure at the

University of Königsberg The University of Königsberg (german: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was the university of Königsberg in East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Pruss ...

worked closely with Otto Spiegelberg (1830–1881) and

Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen (; December 2, 1833 – August 26, 1910) was a German pathologist born in Gütersloh, Westphalia. He was the father of physiologist Heinrich von Recklinghausen (1867–1942). Early life Recklinghausen was bo ...

(1833–1910).''Ernst Viktor von Leyden''
at

Who Named It ''Whonamedit?'' is an online English-language dictionary of medical eponyms and the people associated with their identification. Though it is a dictionary, many eponyms and persons are presented in extensive articles with comprehensive bibliograp ...

Among his better known students and assistants were

Hermann Nothnagel Carl Wilhelm Hermann Nothnagel (28 September 1841 – 7 July 1905) was a German internist born in Alt-Lietzegöricke ( pl, Stare Łysogórki), near Bärwalde in der Neumark ( pl, Mieszkowice), Neumark, Brandenburg. Career The son of a ph ...

(1841–1905) at Königsberg and Hermann Ludwig Eichhorst (1849–1921) in Berlin. In 1880, with Friedrich Theodor von Frerichs, he founded the ''Zeitschrift für klinische Medizin''; in 1881 he founded the ''Gesellschaft für innere Medizin''. He treated Frederick III, German Emperor for his cancer of the larynx, though unsuccessfully, and in the 1890s (from 1894) he was a physician to Czar

Alexander III of Russia Alexander III ( rus, Алекса́ндр III Алекса́ндрович, r=Aleksandr III Aleksandrovich; 10 March 18451 November 1894) was Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 13 March 1881 until his death in 18 ...

. Upon Alexander's death in 1894, Von Leyden was awarded the

Order of St. Anna The Imperial Order of Saint Anna (russian: Орден Святой Анны; also "Order of Saint Anne" or "Order of Saint Ann") was a Holstein ducal and then Russian imperial order of chivalry. It was established by Karl Friedrich, Duke of Holst ...

, First Class, with Distinction, by his successor, Czar Nicholas II. Von Leyden died in Berlin. The political philosopher

Wolfgang von Leyden Wolfgang Marius von Leyden (1911-2004) was a German political philosopher who edited the letters of the 17th century empiricist, John Locke. He was born in Berlin on 28 December 1911, and was a grandson of Ernst Viktor von Leyden. He received ...

(1911-2004) was his grandson. Von Leyden specialized in

neurological Neurology (from el, νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix -logia, "study of") is the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and disease involving the brain, the spinal c ...

diseases, and was also a leader in establishing proper hospital facilities for

tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, i ...

patients. He wrote articles on a wide array of medical topics, including works on

tabes dorsalis Tabes dorsalis is a late consequence of neurosyphilis, characterized by the slow degeneration (specifically, demyelination) of the neural tracts primarily in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord (nerve root). These patients have lancinating n ...

and poliomyelitis. In 1887–99 he published the two-volume ''Handbuch der Ernährungstherapie'' (Textbook of

Dietetic A dietitian, medical dietitian, or dietician is an expert in identifying and treating disease-related malnutrition and in conducting medical nutrition therapy, for example designing an enteral tube feeding regimen or mitigating the effects of ca ...

Therapy); second edition 1903–04. He also initiated two important events in the early history of oncology: the first international cancer conference, which took place in Heidelberg, Germany, in 1906, and the founding of the first international association for cancer research (the forerunner of today's Union for International Cancer Control) in Berlin in 1908.

Eponymous medical terms named for Ernst von Leyden

* Charcot–Leyden crystals: colorless crystals found in the sputum of

asthma Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs. It is characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and easily triggered bronchospasms. Symptoms include episodes of wheezing, co ...

patients, or in the faecal matter of amoebic and

ulcerative colitis Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a long-term condition that results in inflammation and ulcers of the colon and rectum. The primary symptoms of active disease are abdominal pain and diarrhea mixed with blood (hematochezia). Weight loss, fever, and ...

; named along with neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893). * Leyden's

neuritis Neuritis () is inflammation of a nerve or the general inflammation of the peripheral nervous system. Inflammation, and frequently concomitant demyelination, cause impaired transmission of neural signals and leads to aberrant nerve function. Neuri ...

: A neuritis in which nerve fibres are replaced by fatty tissue. * Leyden–Möbius syndrome: Pelvic muscular dystrophy; named along with neurologist Paul Julius Möbius (1853–1907). * Westphal–Leyden ataxia: Acute

ataxia Ataxia is a neurological sign consisting of lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements that can include gait abnormality, speech changes, and abnormalities in eye movements. Ataxia is a clinical manifestation indicating dysfunction of ...

that begins in childhood; named along with neurologist

Karl Friedrich Otto Westphal Karl Friedrich Otto Westphal (23 March 1833, in Berlin – 27 January 1890, in Kreuzlingen) was a German psychiatrist from Berlin. He was the son of Otto Carl Friedrich Westphal (1800–1879) and Karoline Friederike Heine and the father of Alexa ...

(1833–1890).

Ernst von Leyden medal

From time to time, the Ernst von Leyden commemoration medal is awarded for exceptional achievements in the field of internal medicine in Germany
Preisträger der Ernst von Leyden-Gedächtnismedaille

Notes

{{DEFAULTSORT:Leyden, Ernst Viktor von 1832 births 1910 deaths German neurologists German military doctors German internists Physicians from Gdańsk People from the Province of Prussia University of Königsberg faculty University of Strasbourg faculty Humboldt University of Berlin faculty