''Erigone'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
dwarf spiders that was first described by
Jean Victoire Audouin
Jean Victor Audouin (27 April 1797 – 9 November 1841), sometimes Victor Audouin, was a French natural history, naturalist, an entomologist, Herpetology, herpetologist, ornithologist, and malacologist.
Biography
Audouin was born in Paris and was ...
in 1826.
They are carnivorous, preying on small insects such as
psylla
''Psylla'' (from the Greek ''psulla'', meaning flea) is a genus of sap-sucking insects belonging to the order Hemiptera. There are at least 110 described species in ''Psylla''. Species within the genus feed on various host plants.
Some h ...
and
flies
Flies are insects of the order Diptera, the name being derived from the Greek δι- ''di-'' "two", and πτερόν ''pteron'' "wing". Insects of this order use only a single pair of wings to fly, the hindwings having evolved into advanced ...
. One of the distinctive characters for this genus is the presence of teeth bordering the
carapace
A carapace is a Dorsum (biology), dorsal (upper) section of the exoskeleton or shell in a number of animal groups, including arthropods, such as crustaceans and arachnids, as well as vertebrates, such as turtles and tortoises. In turtles and tor ...
.
Species
Many species originally placed here have been transferred to other genera. it contains 103 species and nine subspecies:
*''
E. acuta''
Tanasevitch, 2021 – Nepal
*''
E. albescens''
Banks
A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates a demand deposit while simultaneously making loans. Lending activities can be directly performed by the bank or indirectly through capital markets.
Because ...
, 1898 – USA
*''
E. aletris''
Crosby & Bishop, 1928 – USA, Canada. Introduced to Britain, Italy
*''
E. allani''
Chamberlin
The Chamberlin is an electro-mechanical keyboard instrument that was a precursor to the Mellotron. It was developed and patented by the American inventor Harry Chamberlin from 1949 to 1956, when the first model was introduced. There are severa ...
& Ivie
Ivie is a given name and surname. Notable people with the name include:
Given name
*Ivie Anderson (1904–1949), American jazz singer
*Ivie Okujaye (born 1987), Nigerian actress and television producer
*Ivie Richardson (1895–1960), South Africa ...
, 1947 – USA (Alaska)
*''
E. alsaida''
Crosby & Bishop, 1928 – USA
*''
E. angela''
Chamberlin & Ivie, 1939 – USA
*''
E. antarctica''
Simon
Simon may refer to:
People
* Simon (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name Simon
* Simon (surname), including a list of people with the surname Simon
* Eugène Simon, French naturalist and the genus ...
, 1884 – Chile
*''
E. antegona''
Chickering Chickering may refer to:
* Chickering, Suffolk, a place in Suffolk, England
* Chickering & Sons, the piano company that was created by Jonas Chickering
* Arthur M. Chickering, an arachnologist
* Arthur W. Chickering, a researcher of student devel ...
, 1970 – Panama
*''
E. apophysalis''
Tanasevitch, 2017 – Indonesia (Sumatra)
*''
E. aptuna''
Chickering, 1970 – Panama
*''
E. arctica''
(White, 1852) – North America, Northern Europe, Russia (Europe to East Siberia)
**''
Erigone a. maritima''
Kulczyński, 1902 – Western, Central and Northern Europe, Russia (Altai)
**''
Erigone a. palaearctica''
Braendegaard, 1934 – Svalbard, Russia (Europe to West Siberia)
**''
Erigone a. sibirica''
Kulczyński, 1908 – Russia (Siberia)
**''
Erigone a. soerenseni''
Holm, 1956 – Greenland
*''
E. arcticola''
Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947 – Russia (Europe to Far North-East), USA (Alaska)
*''
E. arctophylacis''
Crosby & Bishop, 1928 – USA, Canada
*''
E. aspura''
Chamberlin & Ivie, 1939 – USA (Alaska)
*''
E. atra''
Blackwall, 1833 – North America, Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Central Asia, China, Mongolia, Korea, Japan
*''
E. autumnalis''
Emerton Emerton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Andrew Emerton (born 1972), British Anglican priest and Bishop-designate of Sherwood
* Audrey Emerton, Baroness Emerton (born 1935), British nurse and politician
* Brett Emerton (born ...
, 1882 – North and Central America. Introduced to Azores, Europe, United Arab Emirates, New Caledonia
*''
E. barrowsi''
Crosby & Bishop, 1928 – USA, Mexico
*''
E. benes''
Chamberlin & Ivie, 1939 – USA
*''
E. bereta''
Chickering, 1970 – Panama
*''
E. bifurca''
Locket, 1982 – India, Malaysia (mainland), Philippines, Indonesia (Krakatau)
*''
E. blaesa''
Crosby & Bishop, 1928 – USA, Canada
*''
E. brevipes''
Tu & Li, 2004 – Vietnam
*''
E. canthognatha''
Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – USA
*''
E. clavipalpis''
Millidge, 1991 – Peru
*''
E. coloradensis''
Keyserling, 1886 – USA, Canada
*''
E. convalescens''
Jocqué, 1985 – Comoros
*''
E. cristatopalpus''
Simon, 1884 – North America, Europe, Russia (Urals to Far East), Kazakhstan, Mongolia
*''
E. crosbyi''
Schenkel, 1950 – USA
*''
E. dentichelis''
Miller, 1970 – Angola
*''
E. denticulata''
Chamberlin & Ivie, 1939 – USA
*''
E. dentigera''
O. Pickard-Cambridge
Octavius Pickard-Cambridge FRS (3 November 1828 – 9 March 1917) was an English clergyman and zoologist. He was a keen arachnologist who described and named more than 900 species of spider.
Life and work
Pickard-Cambridge was born in Blox ...
, 1874 – North America, Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East)
*''
E. dentipalpis''
(Wider, 1834) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Central Asia, China
**''
Erigone d. syriaca''
O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 – Syria
*''
E. dentosa''
O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1894 – USA to Guatemala. Introduced to Belgium
*''
E. digena''
Chickering, 1970 – Panama, Jamaica, Puerto Rico
*''
E. dipona''
Chickering, 1970 – Panama
*''
E. dumitrescuae''
Georgescu, 1969 – Romania
*''
E. edentata''
Saito & Ono, 2001 – Korea, Japan
*''
E. eisenschmidti''
Wunderlich, 1976 – Australia (Queensland)
*''
E. ephala''
Crosby & Bishop, 1928 – USA, Canada
*''
E. fellita''
Keyserling, 1886 – Peru
*''
E. fluctuans''
O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1875 – France
*''
E. fluminea''
Millidge, 1991 – Venezuela
*''
E. grandidens''
Tu & Li, 2004 – China, Vietnam
*''
E. himeshimensis''
Strand
Strand may refer to:
Topography
*The flat area of land bordering a body of water, a:
** Beach
** Shoreline
*Strand swamp, a type of swamp habitat in Florida
Places Africa
*Strand, Western Cape, a seaside town in South Africa
* Strand Street, ...
, 1918 – Japan
*''
E. hydrophytae''
Ivie & Barrows, 1935 – USA
*''
E. hypenema''
Crosby & Bishop, 1928 – USA
*''
E. hypoarctica''
Eskov, 1989 – Russia (Europe to Far East)
*''
E. infernalis''
Keyserling, 1886 – USA
*''
E. irrita''
Jocqué, 1984 – South Africa
*''
E. jaegeri''
Baehr, 1984 – Central Europe, China
*''
E. jammu''
Tanasevitch, 2018 – India
*''
E. jugorum''
Simon, 1884 – France
*''
E. koratensis''
Strand, 1918 – Japan
*''
E. koshiensis''
Oi, 1960 – China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan
*''
E. lata''
Song & Li, 2008 – China
*''
E. longipalpis''
(Sundevall, 1830) (
type) – Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Middle Siberia), China, Japan
**''
Erigone l. meridionalis''
Simon, 1884 – Britain, France
**''
Erigone l. pirini''
Deltshev, 1983 – Bulgaria
*''
E. malvari''
Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
*''
E. matanuskae''
Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947 – USA (Alaska)
*''
E. miniata''
Baert, 1990 – Ecuador (Galapagos Is.)
*''
E. monterreyensis''
Gertsch & Davis, 1937 – Mexico
*''
E. neocaledonica''
Kritscher, 1966 – New Caledonia
*''
E. nepalensis''
Wunderlich, 1983 – Nepal
*''
E. nigrimana''
Thorell, 1875 – Italy
*''
E. nitidithorax''
Miller, 1970 – Angola
*''
E. ostiaria''
Crosby & Bishop, 1928 – USA
*''
E. palustris''
Millidge, 1991 – Peru
*''
E. paradisicola''
Crosby & Bishop, 1928 – USA
*''
E. pauperula''
(Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) – Japan
*''
E. personata''
Gertsch & Davis, 1936 – USA
*''
E. poeyi''
Simon, 1898 – St. Vincent
*''
E. praecursa''
Chamberlin & Ivie, 1939 – USA
*''
E. prominens''
Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 – Asia. Introduced to Africa, Australia, New Zealand
*''
E. promiscua''
(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873) – Europe
*''
E. pseudovagans''
Caporiacco, 1935 – Karakorum
*''
E. psychrophila''
Thorell, 1871 – North America, Northern Europe, Russia (Europe to East Siberia)
*''
E. reducta''
Schenkel, 1950 – USA
*''
E. remota''
L. Koch
Ludwig Carl Christian Koch (8 November 1825 – 1 November 1908) was a German entomologist and arachnologist.
He was born in Regensburg, Germany, and died in Nuremberg, Germany. He studied in Nuremberg, initially law, but then turned to medicin ...
, 1869 – Europe, Russia (Europe to north-east Siberia), Kyrgyzstan
**''
Erigone r. dentigera''
Simon, 1926 – Switzerland
*''
E. rohtangensis''
Tikader, 1981 – India
*''
E. rutila''
Millidge, 1995 – Thailand
*''
E. sagibia''
Strand, 1918 – Japan
*''
E. sagicola''
Dönitz & Strand, 1906 – Japan
*''
E. sinensis''
Schenkel, 1936 – Russia (West Siberia to Far East), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, China
*''
E. sirimonensis''
Bosmans, 1977 – Kenya
*''
E. spadix''
Thorell, 1875 – Italy
*''
E. stygia''
Gertsch, 1973 – Hawaii
*''
E. sumatrana''
Tanasevitch, 2017 – Indonesia (Sumatra)
*''
E. svenssoni''
Holm, 1975 – Scandinavia, Russia (Europe to West Siberia)
*''
E. tamazunchalensis''
Gertsch & Davis, 1937 – Mexico
*''
E. tanana''
Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947 – USA (Alaska)
*''
E. tenuimana''
Simon, 1884 – Europe (Alps)
*''
E. tepena''
Chickering, 1970 – Jamaica
*''
E. tirolensis''
L. Koch, 1872 – North America, Europe, Russia (Europe to Far North East)
*''
E. tolucana''
Gertsch & Davis, 1937 – Mexico
*''
E. tristis''
(Banks, 1892) – USA
*''
E. uintana''
Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – USA
*''
E. uliginosa''
Millidge, 1991 – Peru
*''
E. watertoni''
Simon, 1898 – St. Vincent
*''
E. welchi''
Jackson, 1911 – Ireland, Britain, France, Scandinavia, Estonia, Latvia
*''
E. whitneyana''
Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – USA
*''
E. whymperi''
O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877 – Canada, Greenland, Faeroes, Norway, Russia (Europe, West Siberia), Mongolia
**''
Erigone w. minor''
Jackson, 1933 – Canada
*''
E. wiltoni''
Locket, 1973 – New Zealand, Comoros
*''
E. zabluta''
Keyserling, 1886 – Peru
*''
E. zheduoshanensis''
Song & Li, 2008 – China
References
External links
Erigoneon
Fauna Europaea Fauna Europaea is a database of the scientific names and distribution of all living multicellular European land and fresh-water animals. It serves as a standard taxonomic source for animal taxonomy within the Pan-European Species directories Infras ...
* Tamerlan Thorell (1895)
Descriptive catalogue of the spiders of Burma
Araneomorphae genera
Cosmopolitan spiders
Linyphiidae
Taxa named by Jean Victoire Audouin
{{Linyphiidae-stub