Enidae is a
family
Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
of air-breathing
land snail
A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as ...
s,
terrestrial
Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth.
Terrestrial may also refer to:
* Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on or near the ground, as opposed to ...
pulmonate
Pulmonata or pulmonates, is an informal group (previously an order, and before that a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includ ...
gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...
mollusk
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...
s.
[MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Enidae B. B. Woodward, 1903 (1880). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=390817 on 2020-08-11]
Anatomy
In this family, the number of
haploid
Ploidy () is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for autosomal and pseudoautosomal genes. Sets of chromosomes refer to the number of maternal and paternal chromosome copies, respectively ...
chromosome
A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. In most chromosomes the very long thin DNA fibers are coated with packaging proteins; in eukaryotic cells the most important of these proteins are ...
s lies between 21 and 25 (according to the values in this table).
[Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: ''Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology''. in Barker G. M. (ed.): ]
The biology of terrestrial molluscs
'. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, . 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
Taxonomy
1998 taxonomy
The following subfamilies of Enidae are based on work by Schileyko (1998) and they are in use mainly by Russian malacologists:
* subfamily Pseudonapaeinae
* subfamily Chondrulopsininae
* subfamily Merdigerinae
* subfamily Buliminusinae
* subfamily Andronakiinae
* subfamily Retowskiinae
* subfamily Eninae - including ''Chondrula''
* subfamily Multidentulini
2005 taxonomy
The following two
subfamilies
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...
have been recognized in
the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):
* subfamily Eninae B. B. Woodward, 1903 (1880)
** tribus Enini B. B. Woodward, 1903 (1880) - synonyms: Napaeinae A. J. Wagner, 1928; Jaminiinae Thiele, 1931; Pseudonapaeinae Schileyko, 1978; Retowskiinae Schileyko, 1978; Andronakiinae Schileyko, 1998
** tribus
Chondrulini Wenz, 1923
** tribus
Multidentulini Schileyko, 1978 - synonyms: Chondrulopsininae Schileyko, 1978; Merdigerinae Schileyko, 1984; Euchondrinae Schileyko, 1998
* subfamily
Buliminusinae Kobelt, 1880 - synonym Buliminidae
Pfeiffer, 1879
Genera
Genera within the family Enidae include:
subfamilia Eninae
* ''
Boninena
''Boninena'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Enidae
Enidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks. MolluscaBase eds. (2020). Mollus ...
'' Habe, 1956
either in Enini or in Chondrulini
* ''
Brephulopsis
''Brephulopsis'' is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Enidae.
The species of this genus are found in near Black Sea
The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of t ...
'' Lindholm, 1925
* ''
Caucasicola'' Hesse, 1917
* ''
Chondrus
''Chondrus'' is a genus of red algae containing 11 accepted species:
*''Chondrus armatus'' (Harvey) Okamura
*'' Chondrus canaliculatus'' (C.Agardh) Greville
*''Chondrus crispus'' Stackhouse
*''Chondrus elatus
''Chondrus'' is a genus of red a ...
'' Cuvier, 1817
* ''
Georginapaeus
''Georginapaeus'' is a genus of gastropods in the family Enidae. It is monotypic
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include ...
'' Schileyko, 1988
* ''
Peristoma
''Peristoma'' is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Enidae.
The species of this genus are found in Black Sea
The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balka ...
'' Krynicki, 1833
* ''
Ramusculus
''Ramusculus'' is a monotypic genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Enidae. The sole species lives in the Crimean Peninsula.
The only species belonging to ''Ramusculus'' is ''Bulimus subulata'' ( ...
'' Lindholm, 1925
* ''
Thoanteus
''Thoanteus'' is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Enidae.
The species of this genus are found in near Black Sea
The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the ...
'' Lindholm, 1925
* tribus Enini
** ''
Akramowskiella'' Schileyko, 1984
** ''
Andronakia'' Lindholm, 1914
** ''
Apoecus
''Apoecus'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Eninae of the family Enidae
Enidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks. MolluscaBa ...
''
Möllendorff, 1902
** ''
Ayna'' Páll-Gergely, 2009
** ''
Clausilioides
''Clausilioides'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Enidae. This species in this genus are obligate rock-dwellers that inhabit a limited area in northeastern Turkey
Turke ...
'' Lindholm, 1925
** ''
Differena'' Schileyko, 1984
** ''
Ena
Ena or ENA may refer to:
Education
* École nationale d'administration, French Grande école, for civil service
* Education Networks of America, Internet service provider
Fictional characters
* Ena Sharples, from the British soap opera ''Coron ...
''
Turton, 1831
- type genus of the family Enidae
** ''
Geminula'' Lindholm, 1925
** ''
Imparietula'' Lindholm, 1925
** ''
Jaminia
''Jaminia'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Eninae of the family Enidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Jaminia Risso, 1826. Accessed through: Worl ...
''
Risso, 1826
** ''
Laevozebrinus'' Lindholm, 1925
** ''
Ljudmilena'' Schileyko, 1984
** ''
Mastoides
''Mastoides'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Enidae
Enidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks. MolluscaBase eds. (2020). Mollu ...
'' Westerlund, 1896
[Kantor Yu I., Vinarski M. V., Schileyko A. A. & Sysoev A. V.(published online on December 22, 2009). "Catalogue of the continental mollusks of Russia and adjacent territories"]
Version 2.3.
/ref>
** ''Megalena
''Megalena crassa'', is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Enidae.
''Megalena'' is a monotypic genus, i.e. it contains only one species, ''Megalena crassa'' and ther ...
'' Hausdorf, 1999[Hausdorf H. (1999) "A new genus of the Buliminidae from Turkey (Gastropoda: S tylommatophora)" '']Journal of Natural History
The ''Journal of Natural History'' is a scientific journal published by Taylor & Francis focusing on entomology and zoology. The journal was established in 1841 under the name ''Annals and Magazine of Natural History'' (''Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.'') an ...
'' 33: 149-154
PDF
There is only one species '' Megalena crassa'' (Retowski, 1887) in the genus ''Megalena''.
** ''Mirus
''Mirus'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Eninae of the family Enidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Mirus Albers, 1850. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Specie ...
'' Albers, 1850
** ''Napaeus
''Napaeus'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Eninae of the family Enidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Napaeus Albers, 1850. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Sp ...
'' Albers, 1850
** '' Napaeopsis'' Sturany & Wagner, 1914Turanena
''Turanena'' is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Enidae.
The species of this genus are found in Western Mediterranean, near Black Sea
The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe ...
'' Lindholm, 1922Mastus
''Mastus'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Enidae.
Species
Species:
*'' Mastus abundans''
*'' Mastus alpicola''
*'' Mastus amenazada''
*'' Mastus anatolicus''
*'' Mastus athe ...
'' Beck, 1837
** '' Meijeriella'' Bank, 1985Rhabdoena
''Rhabdoena'' is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Enidae.
The species of this genus are found in Aegean Sea
The Aegean Sea ; tr, Ege Denizi (Greek language, Greek: Αιγαίο Πέλαγος: "Egéo Pélagos", Turkish langu ...
'' Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1902Zebrina
''Zebrina'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Enidae.
Species
Species in the genus ''Zebrina'' include:
* '' Zebrina detrita'' (O. F. Müller, 1774)
* '' Zebrina fasciolata'' (Oli ...
'' Held, 1837Multidentula
''Multidentula'' is a genus of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Enidae.
Species
Species within the genus ''Multidentula'' include:
* ''Multidentula lamellifera'' (Ros ...
'' Lindholm, 1925
** ''Merdigera
''Merdigera'' is a genus of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Eninae of the family Enidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Merdigera Held, 1838. Accessed through: World Register ...
'' Held, 1837[Altaba C. R. (2007). "A new genus and species of Enidae (Gastopoda ''(]sic!
The Latin adverb ''sic'' (; "thus", "just as"; in full: , "thus was it written") inserted after a quoted word or passage indicates that the quoted matter has been transcribed or translated exactly as found in the source text, complete with any e ...
)'': Pulmonata) from the Quaternary of the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean)". ''Zootaxa
''Zootaxa'' is a peer-reviewed scientific mega journal for animal taxonomists. It is published by Magnolia Press (Auckland, New Zealand). The journal was established by Zhi-Qiang Zhang in 2001 and new issues are published multiple times a week. ...
'' 1595: 43-52
first page only
- type species † '' Balearena gymnesica'' Altaba, 2007
References
External links
*
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1936711
Gastropod families