National-level elections in Italy are called periodically to form a

parliament In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ...

consisting of two houses: the

Chamber of Deputies The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures. Description Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourbon R ...

(''Camera dei Deputati'') with 400 members; and the Senate of the Republic (''Senato della Repubblica'') with 200 elected members, plus a few appointed

senators for life A senator for life is a member of the senate or equivalent upper chamber of a legislature who has life tenure. , six Italian senators out of 206, two out of the 41 Burundian senators, one Congolese senator out of 109, and all members of the Bri ...

. Italy is a

parliamentary republic A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch (the government) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (the parliament). There are a number ...

: the President of the Republic is elected for a seven-year term by the two houses of Parliament in joint session, together with special electors appointed by the Regional Councils. The most recent Italian general election was held on 25 September 2022.

2022 election

The last general election was held on 25 September 2022 The

centre-right coalition The centre-right coalition ( it, coalizione di centro-destra) is an alliance of political parties in Italy, active—under several forms and names—since 1994, when Silvio Berlusconi entered politics and formed his Forza Italia party. Despite ...

, in which

Giorgia Meloni Giorgia Meloni (; born 15 January 1977) is an Italian politician who has been serving as the Prime Minister of Italy since 22 October 2022, the first woman to hold this position. A member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2006, she has led the ...

Brothers of Italy Brothers of Italy ( it, Fratelli d'Italia, FdI) is a national-conservative and right-wing populist political party in Italy. It is led by Giorgia Meloni, the incumbent Prime Minister of Italy and the first woman to serve in the position. Accor ...

emerged as the main political force, won an

absolute majority A supermajority, supra-majority, qualified majority, or special majority is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of more than one-half used for a simple majority. Supermajority ru ...

of seats in the Chamber of Deputies and in the Senate of the Republic. The

centre-left coalition The centre-left coalition ( it, coalizione di centro-sinistra) is an political alliance, alliance of list of political parties in Italy, political parties in Italy active, under several forms and names, since 1995 when The Olive Tree (Italy), Th ...

, the anti-establishment

Five Star Movement The Five Star Movement ( it, Movimento 5 Stelle , M5S) is a political party in Italy. Its leader and president is Giuseppe Conte, Prime Minister of Italy from 2018 until 2021. The M5S was founded on 4 October 2009 by Beppe Grillo, a comedian an ...

and the centrist Action - Italia Viva came in second, third and fourth respectively.

Chamber of Deputies

Senate

Voter turnout

Graph of general election results

This graph shows the results of elections held in Italy from 1946 to today, with the percentages of consensus gathered by the various parties and movements displayed by color. Passing your mouse over the different colored sections will display the name of the grouping and the percentage in the corresponding election. Clicking on a region will direct you to the article on the party or election selected. File:Elections in Italy.png, 501px, Graph of Italian general elections rect 0 0 500 40 Birth of the Italian Republic#Referendum rect 0 40 100 80 1946 Italian general election rect 0 80 100 120 1948 Italian general election rect 0 120 100 160 1953 Italian general election rect 0 160 100 200

1958 Italian general election The 1958 Italian general election was held in Italy on 25 May 1958. The number of MPs to be elected was calculated upon the population's size for the last time. Electoral system Minor changes were made to the electoral law in 1958, creating a syst ...

rect 0 200 100 240

1963 Italian general election The 1963 Italian general election was held in Italy on 28 April 1963.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1048 It was the first election with a fixed number of MPs to be elected, as decided by the second ...

rect 0 240 100 280

1968 Italian general election The 1968 Italian general election was held in Italy on 19 May 1968.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1048 The Christian Democracy (DC) remained stable around 38% of the votes. They were marked by a vi ...

rect 0 280 100 320 1972 Italian general election rect 0 320 100 360 1976 Italian general election rect 0 360 100 400

1979 Italian general election The 1979 Italian general election was held in Italy on 3 June 1979.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p. 1048. This election was called just a week before the European vote: the failure to hold the two ...

rect 0 400 100 440

1983 Italian general election The 1983 Italian general election was held in Italy on 26 June 1983.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1048 The ''Pentaparty'' formula, the governative alliance between five centrist parties, caused un ...

rect 0 440 100 480

1987 Italian general election The 1987 Italian general election was held in Italy on 14–15 June 1987.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1048 This election was the first Italian election in which the distance between the Christian ...

rect 0 480 100 520

1992 Italian general election The 1992 Italian general election was held on 5 and 6 April 1992.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1048 They were the first without the traditionally second most important political force in Italian p ...

rect 0 520 100 560

1994 Italian general election The 1994 Italian general election was held on 27 and 28 March 1994 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic for the 12th legislature. Silvio Berlusconi's centre-right coalition won a large majority in the Chambe ...

rect 0 560 100 600

1996 Italian general election The 1996 Italian general election was held on 21 April 1996 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. Romano Prodi, leader of the centre-left The Olive Tree, won the election, narrowly defeating Silvio Berlus ...

rect 0 600 100 640

2001 Italian general election The 2001 Italian general election was held in Italy on 13 May 2001 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. The election was won by the centre-right coalition House of Freedoms led by Silvio Berlusconi, defeati ...

rect 0 640 100 680

2006 Italian general election The 2006 Italian general election was held on 9 and 10 April 2006. Romano Prodi, leader of the centre-left coalition The Union, narrowly defeated the incumbent Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, leader of the centre-right coalition House of Freedo ...

rect 0 680 100 720

2008 Italian general election A snap election was held in Italy on 13–14 April 2008. The election came after President Giorgio Napolitano dissolved the Italian Parliament on 6 February 2008, following the defeat of the government of Prime Minister Romano Prodi in a January ...

rect 0 720 100 760

2013 Italian general election The 2013 Italian general election was held on 24 and 25 February 2013 to determine the 630 members of the Chamber of Deputies and the 315 elective members of the Senate of the Republic for the 17th Italian Parliament. The centre-left alliance ...

rect 100 40 175 80 Italian Communist Party 18,93 rect 175 40 258 80 Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity 20,68 rect 258 40 264 80 Action Party 1,45 rect 264 40 282 80 Italian Republican Party 4,36 rect 282 40 300 80

Others Others or The Others may refer to: Fictional characters * Others (A Song of Ice and Fire), Others (''A Song of Ice and Fire''), supernatural creatures in the fictional world of George R. R. Martin's fantasy series ''A Song of Ice and Fire'' * Ot ...

rect 300 40 440 80 Christian Democracy 35,21 rect 440 40 468 80 National Democratic Union 6,78 rect 468 40 479 80 National Bloc of Freedom 2,77 rect 479 40 500 80 Common Man's Front 5,27 rect 100 80 224 120 Popular Democratic Front 30,98 rect 224 80 252 120 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 7,07 rect 252 80 262 120 Italian Republican Party 2,48 rect 262 80 272 120

rect 272 80 466 120 Christian Democracy 48,51 rect 446 80 481 120 National Bloc 3,82 rect 481 80 492 120 Monarchist National Party 2,78 rect 492 80 500 120 Italian Social Movement 2,01 rect 100 120 190 160 Italian Communist Party 22,6 rect 190 120 240 160 Italian Socialist Party 12,7 rect 240 120 252 160

rect 252 120 270 160 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 4,52 rect 270 120 276 160 Italian Republican Party 1,62 rect 276 120 436 160 Christian Democracy 40,1 rect 436 120 448 160 Italian Liberal Party 3,01 rect 448 120 477 160 Monarchist National Party 6,85 rect 477 120 500 160 Italian Social Movement 5,84 rect 100 160 190 200 Italian Communist Party 22,68 rect 190 160 248 200 Italian Socialist Party 14,23 rect 248 160 254 200

rect 254 160 272 200 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 4,55 rect 272 160 278 180 Italian Republican Party-Radical Party 1,37 rect 272 180 278 200 Italian Republican Party-Radical Party 1,37 rect 278 160 447 200 Christian Democracy 42,36 rect 447 160 461 200 Italian Liberal Party 3,54 rect 461 160 472 200 People's Monarchist Party 2,63 rect 472 160 481 200 Monarchist National Party 2,23 rect 481 160 500 200 Italian Social Movement 4,76 rect 100 200 202 240 Italian Communist Party 25,26 rect 202 200 256 240 Italian Socialist Party 13,84 rect 256 200 266 240

rect 266 200 286 240 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 6,10 rect 286 200 292 240 Italian Republican Party 1,37 rect 292 200 445 240 Christian Democracy 38,29 rect 445 200 474 240 Italian Liberal Party 6,97 rect 474 200 480 240 Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity 1,75 rect 480 200 500 240 Italian Social Movement 5,11 rect 100 240 204 280 Italian Communist Party 26,91 rect 204 240 225 280 Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity 4,45 rect 225 240 231 280

rect 231 240 290 280 Unified Socialist Party 14,48 rect 290 240 298 280 Italian Republican Party 1,97 rect 298 240 454 280 Christian Democracy 39,12 rect 454 240 477 280 Italian Liberal Party 5,82 rect 477 240 482 280 Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity 1,30 rect 480 240 500 280 Italian Social Movement 4,45 rect 100 280 102 320 Communist Party of Italy Marxist-Leninist 0,26 rect 102 280 104 320 Manifesto 0,67 rect 104 280 106 320 Political Movement of Workers 0,36 rect 106 280 214 320 Italian Communist Party 27,15 rect 214 280 222 320 Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity 1,94 rect 222 280 259 320 Italian Socialist Party 9,61 rect 259 280 262 320

rect 262 280 283 320 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 5,14 rect 283 280 294 320 Italian Republican Party 2,86 rect 294 280 450 320 Christian Democracy 38,66 rect 450 280 466 320 Italian Liberal Party 3,88 rect 466 280 500 320 Italian Social Movement 8,67 rect 100 320 106 360 Proletarian Democracy 1,51 rect 106 320 243 360 Italian Communist Party 34,37 rect 243 320 282 360 Italian Socialist Party 9,65 rect 282 320 286 360

rect 286 320 300 360 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 3,37 rect 300 320 304 360 Radical Party 1,07 rect 304 320 316 360 Italian Republican Party 3,09 rect 316 320 470 360 Christian Democracy 38,71 rect 470 321 476 360 Italian Liberal Party 1,30 rect 476 320 500 360 Italian Social Movement 6,11 rect 100 360 106 400 Proletarian Unity Party 1,37 rect 106 360 108 400 New Left United 0,80 rect 108 360 230 400 Italian Communist Party 30,38 rect 230 360 270 400 Italian Socialist Party 9,81 rect 270 360 275 400

rect 275 360 290 400 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 3,84 rect 290 360 304 400 Radical Party 3,45 rect 304 360 316 400 Italian Republican Party 3,03 rect 316 360 469 400 Christian Democracy 38,30 rect 469 360 476 400 Italian Liberal Party 1,94 rect 476 360 479 400 National Democracy 0,63 rect 479 360 500 400 Italian Social Movement 5,26 rect 100 400 106 440 Proletarian Democracy 1,47 rect 106 400 226 440 Italian Communist Party 29,89 rect 226 400 270 440 Italian Socialist Party 11,44 rect 270 400 284 440

rect 284 400 300 440 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 4,09 rect 300 400 310 440 Radical Party 2,19 rect 310 400 330 440 Italian Republican Party 5,08 rect 330 400 462 440 Christian Democracy 32,93 rect 462 400 474 440 Italian Liberal Party 2,89 rect 474 400 500 440 Italian Social Movement 6,81 rect 100 440 107 480 Proletarian Democracy 1,66 rect 107 440 213 480 Italian Communist Party 26,57 rect 213 440 270 480 Italian Socialist Party 14,27 rect 270 440 280 480 Federation of Green Lists 2,51 rect 280 440 294 480

rect 294 440 306 480 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 2,96 rect 306 440 316 480 Radical Party 2,56 rect 316 440 330 480 Italian Republican Party 3,70 rect 330 440 468 480 Christian Democracy 34,31 rect 468 440 477 480 Italian Liberal Party 2,10 rect 477 440 500 480 Italian Social Movement 5,91 rect 100 480 122 520 Communist Refoundation Party 5,62 rect 122 480 186 520 Democratic Party of the Left 16,11 rect 186 480 241 520 Italian Socialist Party 13,62 rect 241 480 252 520 Greens 2,79 rect 252 480 273 520

rect 273 480 280 520 The Network 1,86 rect 280 480 291 520 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 2,71 rect 291 480 296 520 Pannella List 1,24 rect 296 480 314 520 Italian Republican Party 4,39 rect 314 480 433 520 Christian Democracy 29,66 rect 433 480 466 520 Northern League 8,65 rect 466 480 478 520 Italian Liberal Party 2,86 rect 478 480 500 520 Italian Social Movement 5,37 rect 100 520 124 560 Communist Refoundation Party 6,05 rect 124 520 206 560 Democratic Party of the Left 20,36 rect 206 520 214 560 Italian Socialist Party 2,19 rect 214 520 225 560 Greens 2,70 rect 225 520 230 560 Democratic Alliance 1,18 rect 230 520 238 560 The Network 1,86 rect 238 520 251 560

rect 251 520 270 560 Segni Pact 4,68 rect 270 520 314 560 Italian People's Party 11,07 rect 314 520 328 560 Pannella List 3,51 rect 328 520 362 560 Northern League 8,36 rect 362 520 446 560 Forza Italia 21,01 rect 446 520 500 560 National Alliance 13,47 rect 100 560 134 600 Communist Refoundation Party 8,6 rect 134 560 218 600 Democratic Party of the Left 21,1 rect 218 560 229 600 Greens 2,5 rect 229 560 246 600 Italian Renewal 4,3 rect 246 560 273 600 Populars for Prodi 6,8 rect 273 560 280 600

rect 280 560 321 600 Northern League 10,1 rect 321 560 328 600 Pannella-Sgarbi List 1,9 rect 328 560 351 580 CCD - CDU 5,8 rect 328 580 351 600 CCD - CDU 5,8 rect 351 560 434 600 Forza Italia 20,6 rect 434 560 497 600 National Alliance 15,7 rect 497 560 500 600 Tricolour Flame 0,9 rect 100 600 120 640 Communist Refoundation Party 5,03 rect 120 600 126 640 Party of Italian Communists 1,67 rect 126 600 193 640 Democrats of the Left 16,57 rect 193 600 250 640 The Daisy 14,52 rect 250 600 260 640 The Sunflower 2,17 rect 260 600 275 640 Italy of Values 3,89 rect 275 600 284 640 Bonino List 2,24 rect 284 600 294 640 European Democracy 2,39 rect 294 600 300 640

rect 300 600 304 640 New PSI 0,95 rect 304 600 320 640 Northern League 3,94 rect 320 600 333 640 White Flower 3,22 rect 333 600 450 640 Forza Italia 29,43 rect 450 600 498 640 National Alliance 12,02 rect 498 600 500 640 Tricolour Flame 0,39 rect 100 640 123 680 Communist Refoundation Party 5,84 rect 123 640 133 680 Party of Italian Communists 2,31 rect 133 640 258 680 L'Ulivo 31,27 rect 258 640 266 680 Greens 2,05 rect 266 640 276 680 Rose in the Fist 2,59 rect 276 640 285 680 Italy of Values 2,29 rect 285 640 290 680 UDEUR 1,39 rect 290 640 299 680 Others of Union rect 299 640 302 680

rect 302 640 306 680 Others of House of Freedoms rect 306 640 324 680 Northern League 4,58 rect 324 640 351 680 Union of Christian and Centre Democrats 6,76 rect 351 640 446 680 Forza Italia 23,71 rect 446 640 496 680 National Alliance 12,33 rect 496 640 498 680 Social Alternative 0,66 rect 498 640 500 680 Tricolour Flame 0,60 rect 100 680 102 720 Workers' Communist Party 0,57 rect 102 680 104 720 Critical Left 0,45 rect 104 680 116 720 The Left – The Rainbow 3,08 rect 116 680 249 720 Democratic Party 33,17 rect 249 680 266 720 Italy of Values 4,37 rect 266 680 270 720 Socialist Party 0,97 rect 270 680 281 720

rect 281 680 303 720 Union of the Centre 5,62 rect 303 680 308 720 Movement for Autonomy 1,12 rect 308 680 341 720 Northern League 8,29 rect 341 680 490 720 The People of Freedom 37,38 rect 490 680 500 720 The Right–Tricolour Flame 2,428 rect 100 720 113 760 Left Ecology Freedom 3,16 rect 113 720 215 760 Democratic Party 25,52 rect 215 720 224 760 Civil Revolution 2,19 rect 224 720 240 760 Others 4,00 rect 240 720 274 760 Civic Choice 8,58 rect 274 720 281 760 Union of the Centre 1,74 rect 281 720 382 760 Five Star Movement 25,14 rect 382 720 398 760 Northern League 3,98 rect 398 720 483 760 The People of Freedom 21,37 This is, instead, the graph for general elections from 1946 in Italy by absolute numbers of votes for every party:

Referendums

The constitution of

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...

provides for two kinds of binding referendums. A legislative referendum can be called in order to abrogate a law totally or partially, if requested by 500,000 electors or five regional councils. This kind of referendum is valid only if at least a majority of electors goes to the polling station. It is forbidden to call a referendum regarding financial laws or laws relating to pardons or the ratification of international treaties. A constitutional referendum can be called in order to approve a constitutional law or amendment only when it has been approved by the Houses (

and Senate of the Republic) with a majority of less than two thirds in both or either House, and only at the request of one fifth of the members of either House, or 500,000 electors or five Regional Councils. A constitutional referendum is valid no matter how many electors go to the polling station. Any citizen entitled to vote in an election may participate in a referendum.

References

External links

Adam Carr's Election ArchiveMinistry of Internal Affairs of Italy - Page on Elections

NSD: European Election Database - Italy
publishes regional level election data
Italy Election Data
''European Journal of Political Research-Political Data Yearbook: Interactive'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Elections In Italy General elections in Italy Articles containing image maps