|
Electoral Calendar
This national electoral calendar for 2022 lists the national/federal elections held in 2022 in all sovereign states and their dependent territories. By-elections are excluded, though national referendums are included. January * 16 January: Serbia, Constitutional Referendum * 19 January: Barbados, House of Assembly * 23 January: '' Northern Cyprus, Parliament'' * 30 January: Portugal, Parliament February * 6 February: Costa Rica, President (1st round) and Parliament * 13 February: Switzerland, Referendums * 27 February: Belarus, Constitutional Referendum March * 9 March: South Korea, President * 12 March: ** '' Abkhazia, Parliament (1st round)'' ** Turkmenistan, President * 13 March: Colombia, House of Representatives and Senate * 19 March: East Timor, President (1st round) * 26 March: ** '' Abkhazia, Parliament (2nd round)'' ** Malta, Parliament * 27 March: Uruguay, Referendum April * 3 April: ** Costa Rica, President (2nd round) ** Hungary, Parliament and Referend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federation
A federation (also known as a federal state) is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a central federal government (federalism). In a federation, the self-governing status of the component states, as well as the division of power between them and the central government, is typically constitutionally entrenched and may not be altered by a unilateral decision, neither by the component states nor the federal political body. Alternatively, a federation is a form of government in which sovereign power is formally divided between a central authority and a number of constituent regions so that each region retains some degree of control over its internal affairs. It is often argued that federal states where the central government has overriding powers are not truly federal states. For example, such overriding powers may include: the constitutional authority to suspend a constituent state's government by in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2022 Swiss Referendums
Federal referendums were held in Switzerland on 13 February, 15 May and 25 September 2022. Swiss referendums take three forms: popular initiatives, which are citizen proposals to create a new law and require 100,000 valid signatures on a petition to get on the ballot; facultative or optional referendums, which are citizen proposals to approve or reject a piece of existing law and require 50,000 valid signatures on a petition to get on the ballot; and mandatory referendums, which are required to revise the constitution, join an international organization or introduce emergency federal legislation for over a year.Switzerland announces five new referendum questions ''The Local'' (4 March 2021). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2022 East Timorese Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in East Timor on 19 March 2022. Incumbent Francisco Guterres sought election to a second term. As none of the presidential nominees received at least 50% of the cast votes, a runoff was held on 19 April 2022, between the top two candidates, José Ramos-Horta and Guterres. Ramos-Horta won the runoff with 62.1% of the total votes cast. The election marked the first time that someone had been re-elected to the East Timorese presidency (albeit to a non-consecutive term), as well as the second time that an incumbent president had been defeated – after the 2012 election, when Ramos-Horta was eliminated in the first round. As a result of constitutional provisions which limit presidents to two five-year terms in a lifetime, Ramos-Horta will be ineligible to run in any future presidential election. Electoral system The President of East Timor is elected using the two-round system. With no single winner in the first round getting over 50% of the vote, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elections In East Timor
East Timor elects on national level a head of state - the President (government title), president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people. The National Parliament of East Timor, National Parliament (''Parlamenta Nacional'') has 65 members. Schedule Latest elections Presidential elections Parliamentary elections Past elections Presidential elections Parliamentary elections See also *Electoral calendar *Electoral system References External linksAdam Carr's Election Archive Elections in East Timor, {{EastTimor-election-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2022 Colombian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Colombia on 13 March 2022. Electoral system Of the 166 members of the House of Representatives, 162 were elected by proportional representation from 33 multi-member constituencies based on the departments, with seats allocated using the largest remainder method. Two members were elected by the Afro-Colombian community, one by Indigenous community, and one by Colombian expatriates. The 102 Senators were elected by two methods; 100 from a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation (with seats allocated using the largest remainder) and two from a two-seat constituency for Indigenous Colombians. Commons, the political successor of the former rebel group FARC, were guaranteed five seats in the House and five in the Senate as part of the Colombian peace process. For the first time, 16 seats in the House, as agreed to during the negotiations in Havana and ratified by an act of legislation on 25 August 2021, were reserved for v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elections In Colombia
Elections in Colombia are regulated and controlled by the National Electoral Council which provides information on elections and election results in for the politics of Colombia. Colombia elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a four-year term by the people. The ''Congress (''Congreso'') has two chambers. The House of Representatives (''Cámara de Representantes'') has 162 members, elected for a four-year term by proportional representation. The Senate of the Republic (''Senado de la República'') has 102 members, elected for a four-year term by proportional representation. Colombia used to have a two-party system, in which it could be difficult for third parties to find success. Politicians from the two main parties tended to win elections when not confronted by strong challengers from their own party (in which cases their traditional opponents tend to win). Since the implementation of the 1991 constitution h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2022 Turkmenistan Presidential Election
Early presidential elections were held in Turkmenistan on 12 March 2022. The elections were called after incumbent president Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow announced his intention to resign. The Democratic Party, which has ruled the country since independence after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, chose Berdimuhamedow's son Serdar as its candidate. Serdar Berdimuhamedow was subsequently elected with 73% of the vote. However, the elections were seen by many international observers as neither free nor fair. Background No prior elections in Turkmenistan have been free and fair and the 2022 elections took place in an authoritarian context. The country has been described as a totalitarian dictatorship under the rule of Saparmurat Niyazov and Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow. The Democratic Party of Turkmenistan is seen as the only legitimate force, with other parties having been founded after 2012 in order to give the appearance of a multi-party system. All legal parties currently support ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elections In Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan elects on national level a head of state — the president — and a legislature. The elections in Turkmenistan since its split from the Soviet Union have been widely criticized for being completely fraudulent and attempting to give an appearance of legitimacy to what is in reality a dictatorship. Parties in Turkmenistan are the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan and the Party of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs. The president has a seven year term, while the legislature has a five-year term. Presidential elections On declaring independence from the Soviet Union, the president was to be elected for a five-year term by the people. President Saparmurat Niyazov, was elected unopposed on 21 June 1992. In a referendum in January 1994, it was decided that he would be president for eight more years. In 1999, the country's parliament named him president for life. He died on 21 December 2006. An election to replace him was held on 11 February 2007, which was won by ruling ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2022 Abkhazian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Abkhazia on 12 March 2022, with a second round taking place on 26 March. Campaign Abkhazia is a republic whose territory is part of Georgia and which proclaimed itself independent in 1992. Only Russia, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Nauru and Syria recognize this independence. In the previous parliamentary elections in 2017, Georgia said it considered these elections illegal under international law, with its Foreign Minister condemning the vote as "a new attempt to legitimize ethnic cleansing, military intervention and occupation of Georgian territory resulting from Russian aggression." 123 candidates – 107 men and 16 women – ran for seats in the 35-member People's Assembly. 19 nominees were incumbent lawmakers running for re-election. The Abkhaz central election commission closed registration for candidates on 2 March. The Abkhaz government opposition requested a prolongation of the current legislature term to launch an impeachment process aga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elections In Abkhazia
Abkhazia elects on national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people. The People's Assembly has 35 members, elected for a five-year term in single seat constituencies. On 28 February 1996 Abkhazia's Parliament adopted a referendum law according to which referendums may be initiated by Parliament, by the President or by a group of citizens who have collected at least 10,000 signatures. Since then, Abkhazia has held two referendums in 1999 to approve its constitution and declaration of independence, and one in 2016 to hold early presidential elections, but it was declared invalid due to low voter turnout. 2020 presidential election 2019 Presidential elections 2014 Presidential elections 2012 parliamentary elections In early March the 35 seats of Parliament were contested by 150 candidates. It was monitored by some NGOs from countries in the Commonwealth of Independent States, as well as by a d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2022 South Korean Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in South Korea on 9 March 2022. Under the South Korean constitution, presidents are restricted to a single five-year term, meaning that incumbent president Moon Jae-in was ineligible to run for a second term. Opposition candidate Yoon Suk-yeol of the People Power Party won the election, defeating candidate Lee Jae-myung of the incumbent Democratic Party. Both main parties had unusually intense primary elections. Upon its nomination of Lee Jae-myung, the second-place Democratic Party candidate Lee Nak-yon called for an appeal of the results, until being forced to concede. In the PPP, frontrunner Yoon and party chairman Lee Jun-seok frequently clashed over Yoon's performance and perceived apathy towards debates with other candidates. The People Party nominated Ahn Cheol-soo and the Justice Party nominated Sim Sang-jung. Economic inequality, recovery from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, antifeminist sentiment and housing issues were prominent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elections In South Korea
Elections in South Korea are held on a national level to select the President and the National Assembly. Local elections are held every four years to elect governors, metropolitan mayors, municipal mayors, and provincial and municipal legislatures. The president is directly elected for a single five-year term by plurality vote. The National Assembly has 300 members elected for a four-year term, 253 in single-seat constituencies and 47 members by proportional representation. Each individual party willing to represent its policies in the National Assembly is qualified on the legislative (general) election if: i) the national party-vote reaches over 3% on proportional contest or ii) more than 5 members of the party are elected from each of their first-past-the-post election constituencies. Voting Eligibility All citizens over the age of 18 have the right to vote. According to Article 34 of the 'Immigration Control Act,' a non-Korean citizen registered in the relevant local co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
