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Education in Lebanon is regulated by the
Ministry of Education and Higher Education The Republic of Lebanon Ministry of Education & Higher Education ( ar, الجمهورية اللبنانية وزارة التربية والتعليم العالي; french: Ministère de l'éducation et l'éducation supérieure) is a government ...
(MEHE). In Lebanon, the main three languages, English and/or French with Arabic are taught from early years in schools. English or French are the mandatory media of instruction for mathematics and science for all schools. Education is compulsory from age 3 to 14. According to a 2021
World Economic Forum The World Economic Forum (WEF) is an international non-governmental and lobbying organisation based in Cologny, canton of Geneva, Switzerland. It was founded on 24 January 1971 by German engineer and economist Klaus Schwab. The foundation, ...
report, Lebanon was ranked 7th in overall quality of education, and 3rd in science and mathematics. survey is carried out as part of the WEF's
Global Competitiveness Report The ''Global Competitiveness Report'' (GCR) is a yearly report published by the World Economic Forum. Since 2004, the ''Global Competitiveness Report'' ranks countries based on the Global Competitiveness Index, developed by Xavier Sala-i-Martin an ...
. According to Muhammad Faour, a nonresident senior associate at the Carnegie Middle East Center in Beirut, "this assessment is a significant departure from the results of student achievement tests in every international test Lebanon and
Qatar Qatar (, ; ar, قطر, Qaṭar ; local vernacular pronunciation: ), officially the State of Qatar,) is a country in Western Asia. It occupies the Qatar Peninsula on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in the Middle East; it ...
have participated. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and compiled from an amalgamation of international assessments, including the OECD's Pisa tests, the TIMSS tests run by US-based academics as well as the TERCE tests in
Latin America Latin America or * french: Amérique Latine, link=no * ht, Amerik Latin, link=no * pt, América Latina, link=no, name=a, sometimes referred to as LatAm is a large cultural region in the Americas where Romance languages — languages derived f ...
, Lebanon ranked 13th globally in mathematics and sciences. In the international student achievement tests in math and sciences (TIMSS) in 2007 and 2011 for grade 8, Lebanese students scored well below the international average of 500. In math, Lebanon scored 449 in both 2007 and 2011. Lebanon's adult literacy rate was 97.9% in 2014 according to the
UN Human Development Index The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistic composite index of life expectancy, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income indicators, whi ...
, ranking it 65th globally. The percentage of the population as a whole with at least some secondary education (aged 25 and above) is 74.2%. For the percentage of the female population with at least some secondary education, the figure drops to 38.8%.


Education System

The Lebanese educational system consists of 5 cycles, which are divided among 3 main subdivisions: the preschool, basic, and secondary stages. The stage of preschool education (cycle 1) begins at the age of 3 or 4. Basic education, which is considered compulsory, continues from the age of 6 to the age of 14. It includes two levels: the elementary and intermediate level. The elementary phase includes grades 1 to 3 (cycle 2), and grades 4 to 6 (cycle 3). The intermediate level comprises grades 7 to 9 (cycle 4). Finally, the stage of secondary education continues from grades 10 to 12 (cycle 5). It is usually completed at the age of 18, and ends with a '' Baccalaureat'' or professional certificate, of which either can give access to tertiary education. It is worth noting that an estimated two-thirds of Lebanese students attend private schools. In April 2015, the Minister of Education, Elias Bou Saab, acknowledged the myriad challenges and gaps that exist in the Lebanese school system, and the public schools, particularly. While the Lebanese law stipulates that the national curriculum should be updated every four years, it has not been updated since 2000. Plus, because of the national disagreement over Lebanon's modern history, history textbooks cover historical events before 1943 only. The national exams (Grade 9 Brevet and Grade 12 Baccalaureate) were not graded in 2014.


Preschool Education

Preschool education aims to initiate children into the school environment. The goal of pre-school education is to create a favorable climate for children to communicate with others, develop their physical capacities, limb control and coordination of their movements, and educate their senses. Preschool education also takes into account the physiological, moral, and intellectual development of children. According to the
World Bank The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects. The World Bank is the collective name for the Inte ...
database, the gross enrollment rate of preschool education is 62.5 percent for male, 68.3 percent for female, and 64.4 percent for total in 2006. Also, the private enrollment share for preschool education marked 80.3 percent in 2008.


Basic education

Elementary Level According to the Worlds database, gross enrollment rate of elementary level of basic education is for 96.8 percent for male, 93.9 percent for female, and 95.4 percent for total in 2007. Private enrollment share in elementary level is 67.6 percent in 2007. Intermediate level Primary completion rate of Lebanon (US$6,000 GNI per capita in 2007) is lower than that of
Tunisia ) , image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa , image_map2 = , capital = Tunis , largest_city = capital , ...
,
Jordan Jordan ( ar, الأردن; tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,; tr. ' is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan Rive ...
,
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
,
Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...
, West Bank and
Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...
(all of which have lower GNI per capita). Primary completion rates have not improved during the period 1995/96 to 2003/04. In 2007, Primary completion rate is 79.8 percent for male, 83.3 percent for female, and 81.5 percent for total. According to UIS database, technical and
vocational A vocation () is an occupation to which a person is especially drawn or for which they are suited, trained or qualified. People can be given information about a new occupation through student orientation. Though now often used in non-religious c ...
enrollment as percent of total enrollment in intermediate level is 5.1 percent in 2008. Private enrollment share of general education in intermediate level is 60.2 percent and that of technical and vocational education is 56.8 percent in 2008.


Secondary education

Secondary education Secondary education or post-primary education covers two phases on the International Standard Classification of Education scale. Level 2 or lower secondary education (less commonly junior secondary education) is considered the second and final pha ...
is three years education, the first year is common for all students, and the second year is either scientific or literature whereas the third year composes of (
humanities Humanities are academic disciplines that study aspects of human society and culture. In the Renaissance, the term contrasted with divinity and referred to what is now called classics, the main area of secular study in universities at the t ...
,
economics Economics () is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Economics focuses on the behaviour and interactions of economic agents and how economies work. Microeconomics analyzes ...
, life sciences,
general sciences A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED O ...
) and
technical education In the United States, a technical school is a type of two-year college that covers specialized fields such as business, finance, hospitality, tourism, construction, engineering, visual arts, information technology and community work. Asso ...
(about 55 different fields of study). Most schools, however have deviated from this system. They usually do not offer Humanities education, citing socio-economics as a better and more efficient alternative
School principal A head master, head instructor, bureaucrat, headmistress, head, chancellor, principal or school director (sometimes another title is used) is the staff member of a school with the greatest responsibility for the management of the school. In som ...
s decide students’ path based on students’ aptitude as shown by the first secondary and second secondary years. When students complete three years education, they take official Lebanese Baccalaureate exams in their respective tracks (four in all). Students who finish examinations successfully obtain the Lebanese Baccalaureate Certificate of Secondary Education (Shahaadat Al-Bakaalouriya al Lubnaaniya l’il-ta ‘liim al-Thaanawi) or the Technical Baccalaureate (Al-Bakaalouriya al-Finniya) In 2014, the Minister of Education passed all students who took the exam, regardless of their score. According to the United Nations Human Development Index, the gross enrollment rate for secondary school is 74%.
Palestinian refugees Palestinian refugees are citizens of Mandatory Palestine, and their descendants, who fled or were expelled from their country over the course of the 1947–49 Palestine war (1948 Palestinian exodus) and the Six-Day War (1967 Palestinian exodu ...
in Lebanon have limited access to public secondary education. Most of them are not able to afford the high cost of private secondary education.
UNRWA The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) is a UN agency that supports the relief and human development of Palestinian refugees. UNRWA's mandate encompasses Palestinians displaced by the 1948 ...
operates three secondary schools in Beirut, Saida and Tyre. School operated by UNRWA partially offset the absence of available educational opportunities at the secondary school level. (UNRWA website) According to the World Bank database, gross enrollment rate of secondary education is 69.8 percent for male, 80.2 percent for female, and 74.9 percent for total. According to UIS database, technical and vocational enrollment as percent of total enrollment in secondary level is 27.8 percent in 2008. Private enrollment share of general education in intermediate level is 49.8 percent and that of technical and vocational education is 56.9 percent in 2008. Lebanon participated in
TIMSS The IEA's Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is a series of international assessments of the mathematics and science knowledge of students around the world. The participating students come from a diverse set of educ ...
in 2003 and 2007. Score of mathematics at 8th grade is 433 in 2003 and 449 in 2007. Score of science at 8th grade is 435 in 2003 and 404 in 2007. At the end of middle school, each student has to enter the official exams.


Tertiary Education

Tertiary education in Lebanon is composed of
Technical Technical may refer to: * Technical (vehicle), an improvised fighting vehicle * Technical analysis, a discipline for forecasting the future direction of prices through the study of past market data * Technical drawing, showing how something is co ...
and Vocational Institutes,
University college In a number of countries, a university college is a college institution that provides tertiary education but does not have full or independent university status. A university college is often part of a larger university. The precise usage varies ...
s,
University Institute An institute is an organisational body created for a certain purpose. They are often research organisations (research institutes) created to do research on specific topics, or can also be a professional body. In some countries, institutes can ...
s and
Universities A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, ...
. The Lebanese University is the only public institution. The Ministry of Education and Higher Education administrates the private and public sectors and Technical and Vocational Institutes are under the Directorate General of Technical and Vocational Education Directorate General of Higher Education has responsibility for University Colleges, University Institutes and Universities). According to the World Bank database, gross enrollment rate of tertiary education (the percentage of students who go on to tertiary education within five years of completing secondary education) was 48% in 2013. With university graduates making up 30% of people seeking a job, it is clear that the Higher Education system needs to play a key role in resolving the problem of youth unemployment in Lebanon. The key issue related to this sector is the mismatch between the highly skilled graduates that universities supply and the skills and professionals the labor market demands; these supply-demand failings in the labor market are increasingly preventing young people from finding a job in their country that fits their qualifications. In order to address these issues, universities can implement policies to reform the curricula to better prepare graduates for their professional life, improve career guidance structures and activities, and invest in relevant research, statistics and data gathering. Lebanon has 41 nationally accredited universities, several of which are internationally recognized. The American University of Beirut (AUB) and the
Université Saint-Joseph Saint Joseph University of Beirut ( French: ''Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth'', abbreviated to and commonly known as "USJ") is a private Catholic research university located in Beirut, Lebanon, which was founded in 1875 by French Jes ...
(USJ) were the first Anglophone and the first Francophone universities to open in Lebanon respectively. The majority of the forty-one universities, both public and private, largely operate in French or English, the two most widely used foreign languages in Lebanon. At the English universities, students who have graduated from an American-style high school program enter at the freshman level to earn their baccalaureate equivalence from the Ministry of Education and Higher Education. This qualifies them to continue studying at the higher levels. Such students are required to have already taken the SAT I and the SAT II (Subjects Test) upon applying to college, in lieu of the official exams. On the other hand, students who have graduated from a school that follows the Lebanese educational system are directly admitted to the sophomore year. These students are still required to take the SAT I, but not the SAT II. The highest-ranked universities in Lebanon include the American University of Beirut (AUB), the
Lebanese American University The Lebanese American University (LAU) ( ar, الجامعة اللبنانية الأميركية) is a secular and private American university located in Lebanon. It is chartered by the board of regents of the University of the State of New Y ...
(LAU), the
Université Saint-Joseph Saint Joseph University of Beirut ( French: ''Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth'', abbreviated to and commonly known as "USJ") is a private Catholic research university located in Beirut, Lebanon, which was founded in 1875 by French Jes ...
(USJ), the Lebanese University (LU), the
University of Balamand The University of Balamand (UOB; ar, جامعة البلمند) is a private institution, secular in its policies and approach to education. It welcomes faculty, students, and staff from all faiths and national or ethnic origins. The university i ...
(UOB), the Université Saint-Esprit de Kaslik (USEK),
Beirut Arab University Beirut Arab University (BAU) ( ar, جـامعة بيروت العربية) is a Lebanese private university located in Beirut, Lebanon. It was founded by the Lebanese Waqf El-Bir wal Ihsan Society in 1960. The University attained the Internation ...
(BAU), the
American University of Science and Technology The American University of Science and Technology (AUST) (french: link=no, Université américaine de sciences et technologie; ar, link=no, الجامعة الأميركية للعلوم والتكنولوجيا) is a private, non-sectarian, an ...
(AUST), the Lebanese international university (LIU), and the
Notre Dame University - Louaize Notre may refer to: *Notre language *André Le Nôtre * See also *Notre Dame (disambiguation) Notre Dame, French for "Our Lady", a title of Mary, mother of Jesus, most commonly refers to: * Notre-Dame de Paris, a cathedral in Paris, France * Un ...
(NDU), QS Top Universities ranks AUB second in the Arab region (the only Lebanese university to rank among the region's top 10), and 268 globally. The THE (Times Higher Education) World University Rankings 2015-2016 place the American University of Beirut between 501 and 600 in its rankings, while the Center for World University Rankings places AUB at 682 in its global rankings; AUB is the only Lebanese university to make either of these lists. Not all private higher educational institutions in Lebanon consider SAT I or SAT II for undergraduate admissions. The majority require a local entrance test prepared by these individual higher educational institutions. In most times, the entrance test is a placement test. The main requirement for undergraduate admissions for Lebanese students is the secondary-school leaving certificate called the Baccalaureate II or more recently the International Baccalaureate. However, students with a foreign nationality are admitted to private higher education institutions that pattern after the American system of higher education as Freshman students in case they do not have an equivalence to the Baccalaureate II. In case they obtain an equivalence from the Ministry of Education and Higher Education, they are admitted as sophomore students. As for the Lebanese University, which is the only public higher educational institution in Lebanon, students are admitted to undergraduate programs based on the Baccalaureate II certificate. A number of faculties at the Lebanese University, such as the Faculty of Sciences, require further testing for selectivity based on entrance tests (concours) prepared and administered by this faculty. File:American-University-Beirut-NW.jpg,
AUB Aub () is a city in the district of Würzburg, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated southeast of Würzburg, and northwest of Rothenburg ob der Tauber and, nearby the border of Baden-Württemberg. The river Gollach is the main body of water. A ...
established in 1866 by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. File:Lb_usj1.gif, Saint Joseph University, or Université Saint-Joseph, founded by the
Jesuits , image = Ihs-logo.svg , image_size = 175px , caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits , abbreviation = SJ , nickname = Jesuits , formation = , founders = ...
in 1875. File:Useknlogo.jpg,
Holy Spirit University of Kaslik The Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (french: Université Saint-Esprit de Kaslik (USEK); ar, جامعة الرّوح القدس – الكسليك, ''Jāmiʿah al-Rūḥ al-Quddus – al-Kaslīk''), is a private, not-for-profit Catholic univer ...
, or Université Saint-Esprit de Kaslik, founded by the
Lebanese Maronite Order The Baladites, formally known as the Lebanese Maronite Order (; abbreviated OLM), is a monastic order among the Levant-based, Catholic Maronite Church, which from the beginning has been specifically a monastic Church. The order was founded in 16 ...
(LMO) in 1938. File:NDU5.jpg, NDU, founded by the Maronite Order of The Holy Virgin Mary in 1978. File:AUST_at_night.jpg,
American University of Science and Technology The American University of Science and Technology (AUST) (french: link=no, Université américaine de sciences et technologie; ar, link=no, الجامعة الأميركية للعلوم والتكنولوجيا) is a private, non-sectarian, an ...
, founded in
Achrafieh Achrafieh ( ar, الأشرفية) is an upper-class area in eastern Beirut, Lebanon. In strictly administrative terms, the name refers to a sector (''secteur'') centred on Sassine Square, the highest point in the city, as well as a broader quarter ...
in 1989.


Center for Educational Research and Development (CRDP)


About

It was established on 10 December 1971 as a public institution. CRDP has a juristic persona that enjoys administrative and financial autonomy. It directly reports to the Minister of Education and Higher Education who represents the custodial authority in the government. The Center for Educational Research and Development (CERD) is an autonomous staff organization under the trusteeship of the MOEHE. CERD's tasks are 1) to draft curricula of academic and vocational education for the pre-university education stage, 2) to revise and modify the curricula according to the necessity, 3) to prepare all means and ways for applying these curricula, 4) to do educational research, 5) to secure training for pre-university teachers, 6) to prepare the curricula in all subject areas, 7) to provide teacher training, 8) to write textbooks, and 9) to conduct evaluations, etc.


Objectives

CRDP aims at establishing the following core principles. * Establish an official central body to control educational topics through recruiting qualified personas. This professional enrollment allows the government to process developmental educational strategies to enhance the status of education in Lebanon. *Present themselves as being proactively present through integrated scientific, technological and cultural developmental approaches. *Establish a formal educational authority to cooperate with similar bodies in other countries.


CRDP Projects


My Book (Kitabi)

It is a funded project by the
USAID The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government that is primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid and development assistance. With a budget of over $27 bi ...
. The project's main aim is to develop better learning outcomes and provide equal opportunities for students to enroll in formal schools
Kitabi
project aims at lessening the pressure on the educational sector due to Syrian refugees overflow into Lebanese public schools.


European Union Project: Access to Education

The Head of the Delegation of the
European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been de ...
to Lebanon, Ambassador
Angelina Eichhorst Angelina Julietta Francisca Eichhorst is a Netherlands, Dutch diplomat and European Civil Service, European civil servant, currently serving as managing director for Europe and Central Asia at the European External Action Service in Brussels, Belg ...
, and the Director of the
British Council The British Council is a British organisation specialising in international cultural and educational opportunities. It works in over 100 countries: promoting a wider knowledge of the United Kingdom and the English language (and the Welsh lan ...
in Lebanon, Eunice Crook, signed a contract worth 1.3 million euros to facilitate the integration of students into the Lebanese public school system. The project's main aim is to support the Ministry of Education with all its legal bodies in the process of developing a methodology for language teaching and cultural awareness. The project trained 25 teacher trainers and 1500 Lebanese teachers to improve their language and teaching skills, that has a direct impact on the beneficiaries, Syrian and Lebanese students.


IFADEM

Francophonie Initiative for Distance Training of French Language Teachers in Primary Schools in the Lebanese Republic (IFADEM) initiative aims at training teachers remotely to improve their professional competency level, mainly in the educational field. The program targets primary school teachers who are already in educational service, in teaching French and teaching in French. Francophonie Initiative for Distance Training of French Language Teachers in Primary Schools in the Lebanese Republic (IFADEM) proposes and presents training programs that are partly remote, and personalized for the teacher's needs.


Curriculum Development Project

Many factors contributed to the launching of this project. The Educational Center for Research and Development main goal is to develop educational curricula, and at the same time continuous evaluation of these curricula.


Quality Approach

CRDP which aim at improving the training, resources, documentation, research and information system, will have a medium-term strategy for an agreed and planned program continuously, aiming at engaging the guidelines for national education policy.


Child safety on the Internet

The target aim for this project is creating a safer environment, and raising awareness about the proper and responsible use of the Internet among children, parents and caregivers.


The International Student Assessment Program (PISA)

Adapting this program is meant for measuring the readiness of students, who are about to complete their general or vocational education, or enter the labor market, to meet the challenges of their societies.


Education Project for Sustainable Development

This project is committed to construct action that can only be achieved through introducing the importance of sustainable development to every person and every society, through a comprehensive approach that develops knowledge and enhances the skills necessary to achieve a sustainable future.


School Map

It acts as an advanced tool to support reading the educational reality and planning its development. It targets submitting proposals to the decision-making authority about the needs of formal education according to specific geographical locations.


The International Study of Trends in Levels of Performance in Mathematics and Science (TIMSS)

The International Mathematics and Science Study Trends in International Mathematics and Sciences Study - TIMSS came to provide a number of qualitative and quantitative indicators on the reality of education systems in the participating countries, monitoring and controlling them, which aims at evaluating and improving them, that is why this project was adopted.


Interactive Panels Project

These installations, the interactive panels, are being used in twenty-first century schools as a modern and interactive method of education based on the use of electromagnetic theory to transfer information between the teacher's computer and the projector of the board and the board.


Project to Support Syrian Students in Lebanese Public Schools

This project was launched after the UNICEF and the Educational Center for Research and Development have expressed their desire to provide the educational means necessary for the enrollment of Syrian children in public schools and to support the stumbling Lebanese students in these schools by developing a curriculum relevant to their needs.


Shakespeare Lives in Schools

Both CERD and the British Council have collaborated to produce a Shakespeare school pack that has been specially adapted for Lebanon in order to facilitate the Teaching of Shakespeare's plays in schools.


Population Education

This project falls within the National Program for Reproductive Health and within the framework of the second cooperation program (2002-2008) between the United Nations Population Fund and the Lebanese government.


Back to School

A coursework program for children who drop out of ages 9–11. It is a joint project between UNESCO and the Educational Center for Research and Development.


Community service

The main concept of " community service " project is to activate in the empowerment of citizenship belief and diversity.


Raising Awareness of the Dangers of Drug Addiction

This project will include many different educational products and other resources that would guide learners of different age groups. It also serves in accompanying them in various educational sessions to develop awareness and enhance life skills.


Psychosocial Support

The project has two main dimensional goals. It works to enhance socio-emotional learning by enhancing its core competencies and including it in modern curricula and in various subjects.


Education Management

The Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MOEHE) regulates all education institutes in the public sector through a regional education system. The education system in Lebanon is centralized, and this regulation is not direct. The education system is managed through regional education bureaus. Public schools are monitored by the regional education bureaus in the governorates. The regional education bureau serves as liaisons between the public school and the directorates of education at the ministry's headquarters.
Private schools An independent school is independent in its finances and governance. Also known as private schools, non-governmental, privately funded, or non-state schools, they are not administered by local, state or national governments. In British Eng ...
have their own organization, but private schools are still subject to the authority of the MOEHE.


Education Finance

According to the United Nations Human Development Index 2014, public education expenditure as percentage of
GDP Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjective nature this measure is ofte ...
is 1.65 in 2014. Public schools are financed by the Ministry of Education and private schools are financed by students' fees. The processes involved curricula draft and modification, and teacher training are mainly financed by nongovernment funds such as private companies or international bodies which include the World Bank and the
UNDP The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)french: Programme des Nations unies pour le développement, PNUD is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human dev ...
.


Curriculum


Overview

The Lebanese curriculum is used at all public and private schools in Lebanon. Schools have to apply both the Lebanese and foreign schemes at the same time when they will implement a foreign curriculum (French, English, or international) in a school.


Goals

The Lebanese curriculum aims at developing the individual on: * Citizenship * Intellectual level * Social level * National level


Kindergarten

Students at this stage are subject to experience diverse outcomes throughout their learning journey. They get accustomed to facing this gradual transitional period from being at home into the classroom environment. Also, they build a physiological, motor, emotional and intellectual competencies needed for his development. During this stage, the child develops his physical abilities that enable him to manage his body parts, coordinate his movements, and enhance his senses. The curriculum states that at this stage kids are encouraged to gain automatic language skills that are reflected in the comprehension, expression and performance skill preparing him to develop the processes of reading and writing. Kids in the kindergarten level are supported to achieve self-confidence, highlight their feelings, and gain independence and take responsibility relevant to their age. Also, at this stage they are aided to enable them to think, understand and acquire through their senses, positive interaction with the surrounding, and by scientific means and methods. It is important to mention that kids will be provided with the appropriate environment to motivate them to communicate with others and express themselves. Developing the spirit of cooperation, systematic pattern reflecting good manners and good behavioral habits are also core goals to be achieved at this stage. More, adapting the children to be part of a group, help them build family and social relationships, and introduce them to primary manifestations of patriotism are added to the list of expected curriculum outcome. Last but not least, kids are encouraged to development positive attitude toward manual work.


Syrian Refugees in Lebanese Schools

The Syrian crisis has placed a large burden on Lebanese public schools. There are nearly 400,000 school-aged refugee children in Lebanon, which is roughly 25% more than the number of Lebanese students in Lebanese public schools. Only an estimated 30% of the Syrian refugee school-aged children are receiving an education. In addition to barriers to access and other challenges, a significant barrier to integration is language: Syrian schools are taught in Arabic, while Lebanese public schools incorporate both French and English. In 2014, 104,000 Syrian refugee students were taught in Lebanese schools. In 2015, the Ministry of Education aimed to double the number of Syrian children in public schools to 200,000 students.


See also

*
List of universities in Lebanon This is list of universities and related institutions in Lebanon. Universities One public university and 28 private universities in Lebanon have licenses from the Ministry of Education and Higher Education (Lebanon), Ministry of Education and High ...


References


External links


Students Lebanon portal with official exams listing and resultsMinistry of Education, LebanonUN Human Development Report, LebanonWorld Data on Education: Lebanon, UNESCO-IBE(2011)
- Overview of the Lebanese education system
Vocational Education in Lebanon, UNESCO-UNEVOC(2012)
- Overview of the vocational system in Lebanon {{DEFAULTSORT:Education In Lebanon